虚拟语气NEWWord文档格式.docx

1、与过去相反：If.had done., would（should, could might） have done与将来相反：Ifdid . would（should, could might）were to do., do.should do.,主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后；would表示结果；might表示可能性；could表示能力、允许或可能性。2错综时间虚拟条件句If you hadnt taken the medicine last night, you wouldnt be all right now.If it _（rain） last night, the grou

2、nd _（be） wet now. 3省略连词if的非真实条件句 省略if后，将谓语中的过去式were, had 或 should等移至主语之前，构成倒装。 _ right now, she would get there on Sunday.A. Would she leave C.If she leavesB. Were she to leave D. If she had left注 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Werent, Shouldnt, Hadnt而置于句首。4虚拟语气在含蓄虚拟条件句中的应用常见的有but

3、 for, without等引导的短语，以及 otherwise, or else, or等后面的分句。1. But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment.2. We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we would have called him.二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法1.虚拟语气用于主语从句中It is （was） important （necessary, desirable, advisable, urgent, possible, essent

4、ial, natural, crucial, vital） thatIt is （was） a pity （ shame, suggestion, proposal, requirement, request, desire, order, recommendation ） thatIt is （was） desired （arranged, decided, ordered, proposed, requested, recommended, suggested, settled） that.谓语用“（should） do”来构成虚拟语气It is desired that this rul

5、e（obey）_ by everyone working here.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句中（1）当动词ask （arrange, advise, command, direct, demand, propose, intend, insist, recommend, request, suggest, suppose） 等后面接宾语从句时,从句用 “（should） do”来表示虚拟语气.（2） wish（1） 表示与将来相反时, 用would（could, might） doeg: I wish he would try again.（2） 表示与现在相反, 用一般过去时或过去进行时.E

6、g: I wish I knew how to mend the computer.（3） 表示与过去相反, 用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词。 I wish you had come to our New Years party.（3）would rather, would sooner后的宾语从句,用过去式或过去完成式表示与现在或过去事实相反.（同WISH的第二点和第三点）I would rather that Mr. Williams （make） _the speech at the conference instead of the dean that

7、day.3虚拟语气用于表语从句及同位语从句中当advice （decision, desire, demand, idea, order, necessity, proposal, pray, recommendation, requirement, resolution, suggestion） 等名词后接表语从句或同位语从句时，从句用“（should）do”表示虚拟语气。三、虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法1虚拟语气用于方式状语从句中在as if, as though引导的方式状语从句中，同would rather.It seems as if it were spring .2虚拟语气用于目的

8、状语从句中在lest（以免，免得）, for fear that（唯恐），in case（以防、免得）引导的目的状语从句中，谓语用“（should） do”表示虚拟语气。Hes working hard for fear that he should fall behind.四、其它用法1虚拟语气用于定语从句中在It is （high, about） time （that） 一般过去时有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”（较少见，且should不能省略），其意为“（早）该干某事了”：Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time we went home?注该结构不能在该用 was 时而用 were：Its time I was in bed. 2虚拟语气用于if only引导的从句与wish 的用法基本相同。Look at the terrible situation I am in ! If only I had followed your advice.