届中考英语专题复习十一短语动词和句型的考点讲解和训练Word格式文档下载.docx

1、come out（，）实现come true（，）苏醒come to oneself（）随同来；come along（，）落;下来（2）come down（找到；提出）, come up with（来吧；跟着来；赶快come on（，）进来come in（，（过来；顺便来访）over） ） 阅读do some reading（，）做作业homework（）, do ones 干得好在）, do well in（尽最大努力（3）do ones best（从fall off（，）后面.落在fall behind（，）入睡（4）fall asleep（） 到下；跌倒fall down（，）掉下，）回

2、来；取回get back（，）起床get up（，）到达get to（，）上车get on（，）下来；落下（5）get down（与get on well with（，）下来get off（ ） 相聚get together（，）结婚get married（，）相处融洽 ） 开音乐会give a concert（，）帮助给与givea hand（，）放弃（6）give up（，）外出；到外面go out（，）过一遍；仔细检查go over（，）睡觉go to bed（，）回家go home（，）继续go on（，）回去（7）go back（走go wrong（去go skating（，）去徒步

3、旅行go hiking（，）去钓鱼）, go fishing（去划船go boating（，）买东西go shopping（，）继续做某事go on doing（，）错路）滑冰） 一直往前走沿着go straight along（，, have a cold（进行体育活动）, have sports（休息）, have a rest（吃晚餐）, have supper（坐下）, have a seat看一看（8）have a look（尝试；努力have a try（，（头痛）, have a headache（过得愉快）, have a good time（咳嗽）, have a cough

4、（感冒） 看；look at（，）照看; 照顾look after（，）向上看；抬头看look up（，）仔细检查look over（，）注意; 留神look out（，）寻找（9）look for（观 ，）看起来像look the same（，）看起来像look like（，）看make the bed（，）赚钱make money（，）打电话make phone calls（，）交朋友（10）make friends（做make a faces（，）吵闹make a noise（，）整理床铺）做出决定make a decision（，）腾出地方给make room for（，）走去往mak

5、e ones way to（，）鬼脸make ，）犯错误make a mistake（， ） 下决心up ones mind（ ） 推迟）, put off（把某物收起来put away（，）把某物放下来put down（，）挂起；举起put up（，）上演；穿上；戴上（11）put on（12）take off（，）积极参加take an active part in（，）坐下take a seat（，）取出take out（，）花费时间take time（，）照相take photos（，）脱掉衣服 ） 轮流take turn（，）坐某人的位臵；代替某人的职务take ones place

6、（，）做运动take exercise（，）照顾；照料；注意take care of（ ） 交谈和talk with（，）谈话；交谈（13）talk about（.把turnover（，）调低关小；turn down（，turn off（）自来水等煤气，收音机，关上电灯，）自来水等煤气，收音机，打开电灯，（14）turn on（ ） 翻过来认为；想起（15）think of（） 考虑think about（，） 句子的基本句型结构3. 根据句子所用动词的不同，句子可归纳为五个基本句型。 Her voice sounds nice. My mother is a doctor. 表语。例如：+连

7、系动词+主语（1） We study hard. He runs fast. 不及物动词。+主语（2）及物动词+主语（3）He studies English. Children often sing this song.宾语。+ She enjoys 例如：enjoy, finish, feel like, consider, practise, keep, suggest, mind而不用不定式作宾语的动词有：, 形式-ing常用1）reading novels and swimming.I finished reading the book last night. Tom agreed

8、Where do wish to sit? 例如：wish, hope, agree, plan, decide, refuse形式作宾语的动词有：-ing而不用常用不定式，2） to lend some money. 形式作宾语，但意义不同。这类动词常见的有：-ing有些及物动词既可用不定式，由可用3）Please 等。remember, forget 我记得那封信寄过了。I remember posting the letter.请记住替我发了这封信。remember to post the letter for me.他He stopped to smoke. 后面跟不定式不是作宾语，而

9、是作状语。试比较下列句子：stop的用法同上面的词相仿，不过Stop 他停止吸烟了。He stopped smoking. 停下来吸烟。like, love, hate, begin, start, continue形式，意义基本相同。-ing有些及物动词的宾语，既可用不定式，又可用4） I like swimming in summer. I like to swim in summer. 等。间接宾语+ 及物动词+主语（4）He gave me an apple. My father bought me a new bike. 直接宾语。+ 及物动词之后跟有双宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物。

10、指人的为间接宾语，1） 指物的为直接宾语。一般情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。如果要 Show me Please pass me a cup of tea.= Please pass a cup of tea to me.例如：间接宾语前需加介词。把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后， your new book, please. =Please show your new book to me. give, tell, sell, lend, 一般在动词这主要取决于谓语动词。for,有时加介词to, 间接宾前有时加介词把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，2） for等之后加buy, make, get。

11、在动词to之后加show 。 Would you lend me your dictionary, please? =Would you lend your dictionary to me, please? or him. Toms mother bought him a pair of new shoes. =Toms mother bought a pair of new shoes f I hear someone singing in the next room. We keep our classroom clean and tidy. 宾语补足语。+宾语+及物动词+主语（5）及物

12、动词指后跟有复合宾语，1）We call him 例如：宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。一个是宾语补足语。一个是宾语， Dont get your hands dirty.Jack. 形式作宾语补足语表示-ing在及物动词之后，用不定式作宾语补足语和用2） -ing的意思往往不同。用不定式作宾语补足语指事情的全过程；用 形式作 When I came back, I heard him ）我听他唱过那首歌。I heard him sing that song. （宾语补足语指正在进行的动作的一部分。 singing in the room. ） 我回来时，听见他正在房间里唱歌。（等的复

13、合宾语种，不定式须省去let, make, have使役动词see, hear, feel, watch, listen to, look at在感官动词3）。但变为被动句时，to He was seen to go into the room. I saw him go into the room.要加上。to省去的 初中阶段主要句型的用法。4. ”的时间了时间到了；该干“表1. Its time to （for） . 的后面接to注意：Its time for school. Its time to go home. 之意。 的后面接名词。for动词短语，而 Please take mor

14、e exercise. Please dont smoke. Its bad for your health.例如：含义。”的（有益）有害对“表示2. Its bad （good） for . Its good for your health. Dont He was late for school this morning.例如：。class或meeting后面还可以接for之意。”（迟到）上学“是3. be late for （school） be late for class, please. You had better put on the coat when you go out.

15、 Its cold outside.之意。”不做某事/最好做“表示4. had better do / not do sth. We had better stop to have a rest. 决不能加后面一定要直接跟动词原形，时，had better用注意： 是动词不定式的否定式。否定一定用在第二个动词之前，to do sth. Mary feels afraid of going out alone. He is afraid of snakes.之意。”害怕“，”恐怕“表示5. be （feel） afraid of . Are you enjoy 有欣赏之意。enjoy的宾语。en

16、joy是动名词作动词doing之意，”是喜欢（爱好）做某事“6. enjoy doing sth. Do you enjoy listening to music? living in Beijing? 停下来做某事stop to do sth. 停止做某事7. stop doing sth. When she saw me, she Its time for class. Stop talking, please. stopped to talk with me. Father made his son clean the room again. Lets go to school. 让（使

17、）某人做某事。8. Let （make） sb. do His son was made to clean the room again. 了。to用于被动语态时，第二个动词前面就一定要加make sb. do sth. 注意：当 he was made to work twelve hours a day in the past. 是表示宠统的喜欢like doing sth. 是表示比较具体的喜欢做某事；like to do sth. 之意。”喜欢做某事“是9. like to do / like doing sth. 我喜欢游泳I like swimming. （喜欢的具体的地方游泳）我

18、喜欢在游泳池中游泳。I like to swim in the swimming pool.做某事。 （只讲喜欢这项运动） When Jim asked his mother to help him with his lessons. 请（让）某人（不）做某事。10. ask （tell） sb. to do. （not to do） sth. did you tell him not to shout loudly? Please lend us your Mike gave me a new pair of stockings. 例如：某人某物。（借给）给11. give （lend） s

19、b. sth. = give （lend） sth. to sb. car. Is Mrs. Black busy washing The students are busy getting ready for the exams.例如：之意。”忙于做某事“表示12. be busy doing sth. clothes? ”以致不能太“表示13. too . to . The old man was too tired to walk farther. She is too young to go to school. 的含义。 We wont have time to rest until

20、 the My daughter didnt go to bed until 11 oclock last night. 之意。”才直“是 14. notuntil summer holiday comes. that 15. so The song is so wonderful that Peter is so clever that all the teachers like him very much. 的意思。”以致如此“是 everyone likes to listen to it. 之意。”也不既不“是16. neither nor Neither you nor I am f

21、ree. Mr. Smith is neither a worker nor a soldier. He is a scientist. She is old enough to go to school. 之意。”足以去做某事“是17. enough to do sth. Peter was tall enough to reach the apple. I prefer English to maths = I like English better than maths. 之意。”而不喜欢喜欢”“好，还是比起来，“是19. preferto He prefers playing foot

22、ball to playing basketball. David doesnt like singing at all. I dont know Mr. King at all. 之意。”根本不“是20. not at all Mr. Wang didnt come to school on time. 之意。”使某人继续做某事“是keep sb. doing sth. 21She kept me waiting for two hours. Dont keep your mother doing everything for you You should do it by yourself

23、. That wool sweater kept her body Please keep our classroom clean and tidy. 之意。”保持某物处于某种状况“是22. keep sth. + adj. warm enough. 看见某人正在做某事“表示 23. see sb. doing sth. When my brother passed the post office, he saw a little boy crying at the door. 之意。” Did you see a car coming here ? Have you seen the Tha

24、t girl saw an old woman fall down on the road yesterday. 之意。”看见某人做了某事“是24. see sb. do sth. leaves drop into the river ? 之意。”听到某人正在做某事“是 25. hear sb. doing sth. Listen ! Can you hear someone singing on the hill? We heard him talking with Mr. Li loudly just now. 之意。”听见某人做了某事“表示26. hear sb. do sth. He

25、was often heard to sing in his room in the past. Why didnt you hear me come into the sitting rom ? 的意思。”被用来做某事“是27. be used for doing sth. Knives are used for cutting things. Teapot is used for keeping tea warm. +公里/米+数词+ be +主语It / 它是三米长（高、宽）形容词要放在后面作后臵定语。句型是28. Its three metres long / high/ wide.

26、形容词。 His father is one and seventy metres tall. That river is fifty metres wide. ”“出了什么毛病？“表示29. Whats wrong with .? / Whats the problem with .?/ Whats the trouble with .?s the matter?的含义。”怎么啦？”“哪儿不舒服？ Whats wrong with your car?s wrong with you, little girl?s the matter with your watch? 后面可以接名词，词组或动

27、词不定式。提出一种建议或邀请。like的意思。”吗？你想要“是30. Would you like （to do） .? Would you like some fish? Would you like to go to the cinema with me? ”吗？你想要做“是31. Will you please do sth? Will you please say it more slowly? Will you please not open the window? I feel cold. 之意。可以用于一般现在时，一般过去式和一般将来时态。”做某事花费某人一段时间“是32. It

28、 takes sb. some time to do sth. It will take us two hours to go over all the words and expressions. It took Mr Wang half an hour to clean the bedroom. “是33. Id like sb. to do sth. 之意。”我希望某人来做某事 Id like my friend to help me with my lessons. Hed like Jim to teach him how to use the computer. 之意。”人有了毛病/某物“，”人出了问题/某物“是34. Theres sth. wrong with . There is something wrong the TV set. = Something is wrong with the TV set. There must be something wrong with the c