大学英语四级常考高频词汇Word格式文档下载.docx

1、【例】genuine leather 真皮ambition n. 抱负、野心【派】ambitious a.有抱负的、有野心的frank a. 坦白的、直率的【例】frankly speaking 坦白来说vigorous a. 有活力的、精力充沛的energetic a. 充满活力的、精力充沛的dynamic a. 有活力的、动力的、动态的 n.动力学upright a. 正直的、诚实的、垂直的decisive n. 坚定的、果断的、决定性的【例】a decisive factor 决定性因素elegant a. 优雅的【派】elegance n. 优雅、雅致sociable a. 友好的、好

2、交际的thoughtful a. 体贴的、关心的 、沉思的【例】She is thoughtful for her friends.她很体贴她的朋友们。aggressive a. 有进取心的、侵犯性的、挑衅的ridiculous a. 可笑的、荒谬的selfish a. 自私的【记】self（自己）+ -ish（形容词后缀）=自私的灾难类：emerge vi.浮现;（问题）发生，暴露【考】emerge from 浮现【例】 emerging market 新兴市场【派】emergence n.形成，出现;emergency n.紧急情况collapse vi. 倒塌;崩溃，突然失败;【例】 T

3、he roof collapsed suddenly. 屋顶突然塌了。infect vt.传染;影响【例】get infected 受感染【派】infection n.感染wreck vt. 毁坏;使失事;n.失事，残害;精神身体垮掉的人【例】a plane wreck 飞机失事【派】wreckage n.残骸spread vt.展开;散布，蔓延;涂;n.传播，蔓延【考】spread out 散开伸张，延伸【例】the rapid spread of cholera 霍乱的迅速蔓延claim vt.声称，索取，提出要求;（灾难）使死亡 n.索赔【考】lay claim to 声称对由权利;cl

4、aim for 要求【例】 Wenchuan Earthquake has claimed 60,000 people.汶川地震夺走60,000人的生命.survive vi.幸存;逃出【例】 The miners survived in the mine accident矿工在矿井事故中幸存下来.【派】survival n.存活 survivor n.幸存者injure vt. 伤害，损伤【例】He was badly/severely injured.他受重伤do sb/oneself an injury 使受伤害【派】injury n. 伤害transmit vt.传播，发射;传送，传染

5、【例】 The disease is transmitted among people.疾病在人群中蔓延.【派】transmission n.传播rescue vt. n. 营救，救援【考】come to ones rescue 拯救【例】 Survivors were rescued by helicopter.生还者被直升机营救.donate vt.捐赠，赠送【例】 to donate money/blood 捐款/鲜血【派】 donation n. donator n.捐赠人accidental a.意外的，偶然的【例】accidental damage 意外损伤【派】accident

6、n.事故，意外; accidentally ad.意外地miserable a.痛苦的，悲惨的，可怜的【例】 a miserable cold 重感冒【派】misery n. 痛苦fatal a.致命的，灾难性的;重大的【例】 fatal mistake 重大的过失vulnerable a.易受伤的，脆弱的;难防御的【例】 vulnerable financial system 脆弱的金融体系voluntary a. 自愿，主动地【例】 voluntary contribution 自愿捐款【派】 volunteer n./vi. 志愿者 volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事d

7、isaster n.灾难，大祸;彻底失败【例】 Oil spill is a disaster. 漏油是大灾难.【派】disastrous a. 灾难性的famine n.饥荒【例】 The famine triggered wars. 饥荒引起了很多战争.destruction n. 破坏，毁灭【例】 The Amazon reforest will be damaged to destruction.亚马逊丛林将会被破坏殆尽.【派】destructive a.破坏性的，毁灭性的refugee n. 难民【例】 a refugee camp 难民营strap n. 带，皮带 vt.用带扣住;

8、用绷带包扎【例】 to strap the wound 包扎伤口foundation n.基础;基金会;建立【例】 educational foundations 教育基金会welfare n.福利;福利救济【例】 social welfare 社会福利flame n. 火焰【例】 burst into flame 猛烈的燃烧【派】flaming a.燃烧的drought n. 干旱，旱灾【例】 to combat the drought 抗旱collision n.碰撞;冲突【例】 accidental collision 意外碰撞charity n.救济金，施舍;慈善（团体）【考】 out

9、 of charity 处于仁慈之心【例】 a charity perfomance 义演【派】 charitable a. 仁爱的,慈爱的shelter n.遮蔽处;保护 vt.庇护;躲避【例】 a homeless shelter 收容所【派】sheltered a.遮蔽的，受庇护的hazard n. 危害 vt. 冒风险， 试着做【例】 hazard ones life 冒生命危险【派】hazardous a. 危险的，冒险的社会与道德：reform vt./n.改革，改造【考】welfare reform 福利改革【例】They reformed the voting system 他

10、们改革了投票制度【派】reformer n.改革者 reformism n. 改革主义demonstrate vt.展示，论证;vi.举行示威游行【考】demonstrate against 游行反对【派】demonstration n. 示威inspect vt. 检查，视察【考】inspect sth/sb for 检查，察看【派】inspector n. 检查员 inspection n. 检查interfere vi. 干涉，介入【考】interfere in/with 干扰，妨碍appease vt 平息【例】There was a clever attempt to appease

11、 the people.这是平息人们怒火的好方法.reconcile vt 使协调，使和解【考】reconcile to 使顺从于commit vt 犯（错误、罪行），使承诺，把托付【考】commit suicide自杀 commit oneself 使承担义务be committed to sth. 致力于verify vt 核实，查对【例】Bills statement was verified by several witnesses吉姆被裁定有罪，同时也被免去了军衔.strip vt 剥夺，脱去的衣服【例】Jim was found guilty and stripped of his

12、 rank.比尔的陈述得到了几位目击者的证实。investigate vt. 调查，研究【例】Police were investigating the cause of an explosion警方正在调查一起爆炸事件的起因.【派】investigation n. 调查depend vi. 依靠的，依赖的【考】depend on sb. 依靠, 依赖【派】dependent a. 依靠的 be dependent on sb. 依赖某人resist vt.抵制【例】Many people resist change. 很多人不喜欢变化.【派】resistant a. 抵制的; resista

13、nce n. 抵制contemporary a 当代的 n 当代人【例】contemporary literature 当代文学moral a 道德的【例】moral sense 道德观 moral standard 道德标准【派】morality n.道德 moralism n.道德教育native a 出生的，当地的【考】native speaker 说母语的人realistic a 现实的，实际可行的【例】Is that a realistic target?这是一个现实的目标吗?responsible a 有责任的【考】be responsible for sth 对某事负责wicke

14、d a 邪恶的【例】The criminal denied that he had done anything wicked罪犯否认他做过邪恶的勾当。helpless a 无助的【例】the helpless victim 无助的受害者ethic n 伦理，道德标准【例】professional ethics 职业道德guideline n 指导原则guidelines of the employment雇佣的指导方针rumor n 谣言【例】rumor has it that有谣言声称immigrant n 移民【例】illegal immigrants 非法移民individual n 个

15、人 a 个人的【例】the welfare of individual 个人的福利【派】individualism n. 个体主义 individuality n.个性consequence n 后果，结果【考】negative consequence 不良后果commercial consequence 商业后果【派】consequent a.随之发生的 consequently ad.因此status n 地位，身份【例】social status 社会地位population n 人口【例】the density of population 人口的密度crime n 犯罪【例】commi

16、t crime 犯罪abuse n 虐待，滥用【例】drug abuse 吸毒，child abuse 虐待孩童【派】abusive a. 辱骂的gang n 一帮，一伙【例】a gang of robbers 一群强盗【派】gangster 黑帮情感类：overcome vt.战胜, 克服【例】overcome difficulties 克服困难annoy vt.使烦恼, 使恼怒【派】annoying a. 令人恼人的; annoyance n. 烦恼;annoyed a.颇为生气的despair vi.绝望; n. 绝望【考】despair of 绝望; sb. be in despair

17、 某人处于绝望中frustrate vt.使沮丧, 使灰心【派】frustration n. 挫折; frustrating a. 令人沮丧的embarrass vt.使窘迫, 使尴尬【派】embarrassed a.（某人）尴尬的;embarrassment n. 沮丧; embarrassing a. （某事）令人尴尬的envy vt.嫉妒,羡慕 n.羡慕, 嫉妒neglect vt.忽视, 忽略 n. 疏忽, 忽视【考】neglect of duty 玩忽职守oppress vt.压迫, 压制【派】oppressed a. 压抑的, 受压迫的; oppression n. 压迫admir

18、e vt. 钦佩, 赞赏, 羡慕【派】admirable a. 令人羡慕; admiration n. 赞赏,钦佩restrain vt.阻止,控制;抑制,遏止【考】restrain sb. from doing sth. 抑制某人做某事relieve vt.使轻松, 使宽慰; 缓解, 减轻【例】relieve pain 缓解疼痛; relieve anxiety 缓解焦虑complain vt.抱怨,诉苦【考】complain about（of） sb./sth. 抱怨.【派】complaint n. 埋怨insult vt.侮辱, 辱骂 n. 侮辱, 凌辱conscious a. 意识到的

19、, 自觉的【考】be conscious of 意识到【派】consciousness n. 知觉; 意识 unconscious a. 无意识的subconscious a. 下意识的 self-consciousness n. 自我, 自觉intense a. 激烈的,紧张的【例】intense competition 激烈的竞争intense feelings 激烈的情感【派】intensity n. 强度; intensive a.密集的eager a.热切的, 渴望的【考】eager to do sth. 渴望做某事optimistic a.乐观（主义）的【考】be optimist

20、ic about sth.对乐观positive a.确实的,明确的,积极的【考】positive effect 积极作用negative a.负面的，消极的panic n. 恐慌, 慌乱 vi.使恐慌, 使惊慌失措【例】The crowd paniced at the sound of the explosion.爆炸声一响, 人群便惊慌起来.jealous a.嫉妒的,猜忌的【考】be jealous of sth.对嫉妒upset vt使心烦意乱; a.心烦的,苦恼的; n 不安【考】sth. upset sb.某事使某人心烦意乱sb. be upset about sth. 某人对某事

21、苦恼【派】upsetting a. 令人心烦意乱的sympathetic a.同情的,体谅的【考】be sympathetic to/with 同情【派】sympathize v体谅; sympathy n. 同情concern n.关切的事; 关心; 关系【例】be concerned about/with/to 对很关心hatred n.憎恶, 憎恨affection n. 喜爱, 感情, 爱慕之情【派】affectionate a. 爱的, 挚爱的passion n.激情, 热情, 酷爱【派】passionate a.激情的preference n.喜爱, 偏爱, 优先（权）【派】pre

22、fer vt.倾向于stress n.压力, 紧张【派】stressful a. 紧张的gratitude n. 感激,感谢【派】grateful a. 感激的医学类：disable vt.使无能力; 使残废transplant vt.移植【记】trans（转移）+plant（种植）=移植【派】transplantation n.移植prescribe v. 开处方【派】prescription n. 处方diagnose vt. 诊断、判断【派】diagnosis n. 诊断soothe vt. 安慰、使平静、减轻、缓和【例】This medicine should smooth your

23、sore throat.这种药会减轻你的喉痛。alleviate vt. 减轻、缓和、缓解【例】alleviate pain 缓解疼痛expire vi. 断气、（期限）终止【例】My driving licence expires next month.我的驾照下个月到期。chronic a. 慢性的【考】chronic diseases 慢性疾病dizzy a. 头晕目眩的resistant a. 有抵抗力的、抵抗的【派】resistance n.抵抗、阻力immune a. 免疫的，不受影响的【派】be immune to 免于，不受影响的be immune from 免除的disord

24、er n. 混乱、失调【例】economic disorder 经济【记】dis（否定前缀）+ order（秩序）discomfort n. 不适syndrome n.综合症【考】AIDS 艾滋病（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）handicap n.缺陷、障碍【派】handicapped a.有缺陷的【派】disabled a.伤残的strain n.拉紧、过劳、扭伤 vt. 拉伤、使紧张 vi. 尽力【派】restrained vt. 抑制, 遏制; 管制,surgeon n.外科医生【派】surgery n.外科、外科手术physician n.内

25、科医生pregnancy n. 怀孕、怀孕期【派】pregnant a. 怀孕的remedy n. 治疗法、补救办法bacteria n. 细菌stress n. 压力【派】stressful a.有压力的absent-minded n. 心不在焉的医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。bandage n. 绷带stroke n. 中风pharmacy n. 药房、药店、药剂学、配药capsule n. 胶囊、航天舱、密封舱【例】a space capsule 太空舱pill n.药片【例】take pills 服药tablet n. 药片scar n. 伤疤、创伤 v.留下伤痕工作类：employ vt. 雇佣;使用【考】in the employ of 受雇于【派】employer n. 雇主;employee n.雇员employment n. 雇佣, 工作 unemployment n. 失业qualify vt. （使）胜任，（使）具有资格【考】qualify for sth. 使具有的资