1、劳动力短缺shortage of manpower医药卫生类卫生环境sanitary environment 营养不良 malnutrition杀虫剂 pesticide传染病 infectious disease呼吸疾病 respiratory disease商业类假冒伪劣 forged and fake commodities物美价廉 goods with high qualities low price售后服务 after-sale service家用电器 household electrical appliances旺季 during peak selling seasons促销 pr
2、omote sales提高购买力 raise the purchasing power刺激购物欲 stimulate the desire to buy超前消费 premature consumption国有企业 state-owned enterprise私人企业 private enterprise偷税漏税 tax evasion保持时常良好的秩序 keep market in good order垄断市场 monopolize the market社会道德类遵守公德 comply with public morality物质和精神文明建设 material and ideological
3、 progress守法 observe/obey the law遵守交规 observe traffic regulations改进社会风气 improve public morals违法 offend against the law侵犯个人隐私 invasion of privacy违反公共规章 break/violate public regulations扰乱治安 disturb the social order要求索赔 claim compensation应该受法律严惩 deserve to be punished heavily by the law环保类生态系统 ecosystem
4、环保意识 environmental awareness生态失衡 disruption of ecological balance全球变暖 global warming温室效应 greenhouse effect沙尘暴 sand/dust storms淡水资源短缺 shortage of fresh waterdownsizing 减员*streamline 精简on the job/in-service 在职disposable 一次性think tank 智囊团round the clock service 全天候服务(free) convertibility (自由)兑换find a s
5、ugar daddy 傍大款Nordic 北欧non-renewable 不可再生out and out 彻头彻尾deadlock 僵局tertiary industry 第三产业fair (market) value 市值refund 退款axis-of-evil 邪恶轴心(nuclear) nonproliferation 核不扩散holistic 整体的one-off 一次性(解决)的;一揽子的turnkey 总承包的;现成可使用的in-house 自有的;(in-house finance company)round-up 汇总?overseas returnee 海归framewor
6、k accord 框架协议WTO accession 加入WTOnon-exclusive license 非专用特许royalty free 无版权费的sublicense 转授权;转发许可证creature comforts 衣食recapitalization 资产重组RPI(Retail Price Index) 零售物价指数overriding concern 高于一切的考虑Lanyard 系索copyright 著作权royalty 版权compliance 合规性extension 展期co-lead underwriter 副主承销商Advisory Board 咨询委员会Bo
7、ard of Councillors 理事会entrepreneur 创业者upmarket 高端的attorney general 首席检察官upscale clientele 客户群self starter 白手起家人down round 筹资首轮mass market vs. submarket 总的市场/次级市场(比如根据某个标准分的客户群)letter/power of attorney 委任书market clout 市场影响(?)rehaul (a business) 重组;sell-back (与buy-out相对)monograph 专题(论述)verbatim 逐字逐句的说
8、法(比如销售“定式”用语)Liquidity Trap 流动性陷阱(宁愿把资金存放于银行拿取零利息的回报,也不愿再投资赔了)many a little makes a mickle 集腋成裘reservist 后备兵at eleventh hours 关键时刻misnomer 用词不当payoff 收益outperform 超过bailout 解决;救援(for instance, the bailout from IMF for South Korea and other SE Asian countries after financial crisis)honor of N/R (note
9、s receivable)/dishonor 到期兑现political cronies 政府人员办的关联企业value-based pricing 价值导向定价法(区别于cost-based pricing,指能为客户带来多少价值来确定价格,而不是消耗了多少成本,比如飞机票)clearinghouse like exchange(交换场所)value of synergy 企业兼并之后带来的利益post-investment values (注意post的用法)techie 做技术的人(与salesman相对)on-target 专注于最终目标的optimum 最适宜的overhead 还有
10、一个意思是“投影”,类似powerpointin line 与预期相符的YTD (year-to-date) 从Jan 1到目前的时间scorched earth 焦土政策economies of scope 范围经济(与economies of scale相比)toehold 小支点,起点industry observer 行业观察家networking 商业构建私人关系网conference backdrop 会议背景幕trade-up 升级ease of maintenance/repair 维修的容易度cap (金额)最高限度;upper limitlifetime (债券等的)存期d
11、ouble dip recession 二次萧条(特指本次美国经济泡沫破灭后,还将面临的进一步衰退)fringe benefits 附加福利(除国家规定外的)annual leave 年假call to order 宣布开会;要求遵守秩序second the motion 附议motion carried 动议通过window dressing 粉饰end-state 最终状态scrap 废品(与rework相对)disagrregate 分解solidity 可*性MIS (management information system) 管理信息系统in due course 稍后7-11便利
12、店numerator/denominator 分子/分母winding-up 结算;停业subsidiary/member companies 下属公司coach 大客车OEM/aftermarket parts 汽车业的前/后配件assembly plant 汽车整车厂elevated rail 轻轨honorary 名誉deputy magistrate 副区长(虹口)size up 估计offer . Advancement over 比。更高的优势litmus test 试金石money order 汇票Actuary 精算师vignette /vinjet/ 装饰图;花边文字Chin
13、a Resources 香港华润集团stagflation 通胀downplay 不予重视supranational (institution) 跨国组织,如World Bankprivate banking 私人银行(为其理财,通常针对大额储户)captive finance company 为大公司自有的金融公司forward contract 远期合约(与期货的不同在于:1。标准化;2.在OTC上交易,而不是交易所;3.保证金;4.期货需每日结算,以控制头寸;spot price (期货中)现价treasury secretary 财长rundown 纲要passbook 银行存折pro
14、perty & Casualty company 对应于life company(人寿保险公司而言)floor 最低值,保底值investment grade;noninvestment grade (junk bond) 中等到高等credit rating的stock或bond(BBB以上)crowding out effect 指政府增加expenditure之后造成利率上升、private investment反而减少的情况。bank run 挤兑velocity (of money) 货币周转率(=GDP/money supply)quantity theory of money 货
15、币数量理论(指Velocity和output保持不变,因此money supply与price成反比)escalator clauses 自动调整条款(根据物价水平对wages等进行调整)ceilings/floors 上限/下限tax incidence 租税归宿(指由consumer还是supplier承担,有actural和statutory之分)deadweight loss 无谓损失elastic 伸缩度,(指demand和supply对price的敏感程度,越elastic,说明price的微小变动就能引起suppply/demand的巨大变动 The general formul
16、a for elasticity is: E = percent change in x / percent change in ymarginal utility 边际效用economic profit 超额利润(accounting profit超出opportunity cost的那部分,在pure competitive market中,长期超额利润为零,即zero economic profit)cold call 陌生电访(向推销员,找工作的人的撞大运式地乱打电话)brown field investment 即外资购买或租赁现有厂房进行生产shelf registration 总
17、括申报; 暫擱註冊制度fourth market 指投资者直接交换股票third market 在OTC交易交易所上市股票basis point (bips) 基本点,相对于0.01%style box (基金)中指某类基金,如成长型大市值基金indenture/deed of trust 债券契约fast moving consumer goods 快速消费品Heavy Vehicle Technologies and Systems Group (HVTSG) Dana的一个新部门Roadranger Dana和Eaton的供应商(技术?powertrain 动力传动系列(驱动轴、离合器、
18、变速箱、差速器)victor reinz division Dana的一个部门actuator 作动器torque converter 变矩器aftermarket (汽车用)零配件零售市场;在证券市场中相当于secondary marketnamed/unnamed sources 有/无来源的消息China National Investment & Guaranty Corp. (I&G) 中国经济技术投资担保公司(简称中投保)grass bag 草袋wiring harness 固化在(汽车)上的电线muffler 消音器sub assembly 次组合件(注:assembly在配件中
19、的含义为组合件的意思)gear case 齿轮箱exhaust tube 排气管sprocket 链齿轮lifter 升降机brake lever 手闸;刹车杆ATV (all terrain vehicle) 全地形车idler pulley 空转轮;惰轮worm gear 涡轮rear drive 后轮驱动Dinli 杭州鼎力机械有限公司FF式 Front engine front drive(前置引擎,前轮驱动)FR式 Front engine rear drive (前置引擎,后轮驱动)mesh 啮合universal joint 万向接头four-wheel drive 四轮驱动ra
20、diator 散热器wheel rim 钢圈halogen 卤素wheel base 轮距memorandum of association 公司组织大纲certificate of good standing 公司状况良好证明书;资信状;信任状rent seeking 寻租unencumbered assets 无负担资产fixture 固定装置trade name 商号;厂商名称promissory note 本票;期票line of credit; credit line; bank line 信用额度franchise 特许replication 大批量生产credit divisio
21、n 信贷部OEM financial arm OEM的金融机构model 车型(用于汽车业)OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer (在商业中指与分销机构相对的厂商;从别处获得零件进行组合生产最终产品的厂商)trade up (怂恿)买更贵的东西holdback rebate(回扣)indemnification 补偿non-exclusive 非独家的;一般的(exclusive为独家)standing 常务letter of engagement 工作关系证明earn out 收益外購法 (一種取決于公司既得收益的資產購置法,它允許個人目前只支付所購股票一半
22、的成本,其余部分5年內付清。Elopak 一家挪威的食品公司,与Wayne Smith有来往deal sweetener 改善交易的措施downstream product 下游产品psi Pounds per square inch(每平方英寸磅)delivery firm (courier service) 快递公司print (of a product, e.g., rider) 图纸SKU stock keeping unit (库存单位);即指单一货品,比如超市中摆在货架上的某个特定产品drivetrain nomenclature 命名法 parking brake 停车闸downshift; upshift 调高/低档shift lever
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