议论文写作专项训练Word文档格式.docx

1、然后再开门见山地亮出自己的观点。2. 主体段 引证法（即引用一些名人名言、成语、格言、谚语灯作为论据）； 例证法（即举例来进行论证 ） 喻证法（用比喻的方法来论证事理，把深奥、抽象的事理表述得浅显易懂，使文章既生动又形象 ） 对比论证法（通过对事物的正反两个方面的对比来分析论证，使文章的表达效果更强烈，给人留下深刻印象 ） 归纳法 （从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论。） 推理法 （从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，而后得出结论） 驳论法 （先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，最后阐明自己的观点）。在主体段中，务必要牢记应采用先总后分的手法先亮出主题句，然

2、后再用发展句充实段落。你必须围绕着引言段的观点展开，千万不能让人觉得的的文章段落之间没有衔接。此外，在主体段中要恰当地使用过渡词，有明显的层次感，引领阅读者一层一层地根据你的分论点走向最终你要阐述的观点。3. 结尾段结论，用一、二句话来结束文章，做到首尾呼应。一定要再次澄清你的观点，切记与引言段的观点一致，建议用不同的词句法表达一个意思。议论文类型：对比观点、说明利弊、评论、杂文、感想等对比观点议论文写作步骤：1、引言段：引出要论述的话题 2、3 主体段：用证据说明赞成和反对的观点 4、结论：作者自己的观点（赞成或反对） 参考模板There is a widespread concern ov

3、er the issue that （话题）.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.Some people say A .In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, 支持 A 的理由一.What is more/ In the second place, （理由二）. Moreover, （理由三

4、）. So it goes without saying that _A_ However / On the contrary, others differ in their opinions on this issue. They hold the view that _B_ for the following reasons. For one thing, （支持 B 的理由一）. For another （thing）,（理由二）.Thirdly （Finally）,（理由三）.Therefore, there is no doubt that _B_.As far as I am co

5、ncerned, I firmly support that _A 或 B_. It is not only because （原因一），but also because （原因二）. The more _, the more _. For me, _A 或 B_ is surely a wise choice . 说明利弊议论文写作步骤: 1、引言段：引出话题 2、3、主体段 ：用证据说明利与弊的观点 4、结论 ：总结归纳, 表明观点（利或弊） 参考模板 Nowadays more and more people 话题.话题 plays an important part in In fac

6、t, like everything else, 话 题 has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects/both advantages and disadvantages. Generally, the favorable aspects/advantages can be listed as follows. Firstly, Secondly, In addition /Whats more Just as a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides”. 话题 is no excepti

7、on. The negative aspects/disadvantages are also apparent/obvious. To begin with; To make matters worse; Worse of all Through above analysis/All things considered, we can see that the positive aspects/advantages outweigh the negative ones/disadvantages. Therefore关联词 递进关系： furthermore; moreover; furth

8、er; In this way ;still; not only.but also.;not.but.; in addition （to）;etc。 转折关系：but; even so; however; though; even though; etc。 归纳总结类：in other words; on the whole; in sum; therefore; hence; in short; to sum up;in conclusion; in summary; 强调关系：in fact; especially; particularly; naturally; what is mor

9、e important;in reality; indeed; in particular; 对照（不同点）：yet; still; for all of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither . nor; although;though; but; 并列关系： and; also; as well as; either.，or.;both.and. etc。 先后次序关系：at this time; first; second; at last; previously; simultaneously; last but not least; to be

10、gin with; 结果关系：accordingly; thus; consequently; thereupon; 顺序关系： at the outset，following this; at this time; 重申关系： that is to say; as I have said;例题精讲【试题来源】【题目】根据中文大意和英文示词语，写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于 50 词的短文。信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入所完成的回信内，所给英文示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。假如你叫张明，最近和美国朋友 Sam 通过邮件谈论各自的校园生活，他想了解你最大的兴趣爱好是什么？你的兴

11、趣爱好是怎么培养起来的？它对你有什么样的帮助或影响？根据这些问题回复邮件。示词语：start, relaxing, interesting, creative, keep fit, confident, make friendsstart, at the age of, interesting, relaxed, make friendsTo SamFrom Zhang MingSubject My favourite hobbyHi! Sam,Im glad to hear from you. _Yours,Zhang Ming【答案】Playing basketball is my fav

12、orite hobby. Its an important part of my life.I started to play with the ball at the age of four and I showed great interest in it. When I went to primary school. I began to learn to play basketball in a team. Since then , it has been my favorite hobby.Playing basketball not only helps me keep fit b

13、ut also makes me relaxed and confident when I am under stress. Besides, I have made a lot of friends by playing basketball with them.【解析】试题分析：考生首先要认真阅读前面的示认真审题，确定文章的中心。注意文章文体、人称和时态。运用适当的短语表达中心思想，增加作文的可读性。完成示词时也要符合事实。温馨醒：考生必须认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。亮点说明：这篇短文使用了一些固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少。学习中注意总结,牢记一些固定句式及短语,写

14、作时就可以适当引用,使文章的表达更有逻辑性,更富有条理。【知识点】议论文写作专项训练高（初）【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】3【题目】近年来广场舞越来越流行。在公园、小区甚至一些空地旁常能看到跳舞的人们。上周, Helping Hands Club 进行了一项问卷调查。请你根据调查结果写一篇英语短文，并谈一谈对此事的看法。赞 成： 是健康的生活方式, 跳舞能锻炼身体 可以结交有共同爱好的朋友 人人都有权利（right）在广场和空地等公共场所开展活动反 对： 音乐声音太大，影响附近居民的正常生活 媒体报道噪音扰民引起打架伤人你的看法： 要求：1. 所写内容必须包含以上信息，可适当发挥。2. 自拟

15、你对广场舞现象的看法，不少于两点。3. 文章不少于 90 词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。4. 语句通顺，语法正确，条理清楚，字迹工整。5. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。Square dancing is becoming popular and popular in recent years. It is often seen at squares, parks or even open spaces. Last week Helping Hands Club made a survey on square dancing.【答案】Square dancing is becoming pop

16、ular and popular in recent years. It is often seen at squares, parks or even open spaces. Last week Helping Hands Club made a survey on square dancing.Some people thought everyone has the right to have activities in public places. It is a good way to take exercise. Whats more, they can make more fri

17、ends who share the same hobby. But other people disagreed. They complained that noisy music had a bad effect on peoples study and life though square dancing is a kind of healthy lifestyle. Some newspapers said fights happened between citizens and dancers because of this.In my opinion, it is necessar

18、y to take actions to solve the problem. Dancers should turn down the loudspeakers and should not dance till too late at night. If people can understand each other, we will live in a happy and harmony life. 【解析】本文属于陈述正反方观点的议论文作文，谈谈关于广场舞的问题。要求中只给出了要点，需要自己发挥的地方较多，注意将示的要点表达清楚，并发表自己的观点。结合材料内容，可知本文主要是用一般现

19、在时态进行叙述，人称问题较为复杂，注意主谓一致问题。写作中注意表达观点时的常用句式，如宾语从句，条件状语从句等。注意在表达不同观点时，连词的使用。内容上应注意述的全面性；语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯。这篇范文中出现一些不错的句式和短语，如 Square dancing is becoming popular and popular in recent years.近些年来，广场舞越来越多的受到人们的欢迎；make a survey 做了一个调查；强调句式， It is adj for sb to do sth，做某事对某人来说怎么样；In my opinion, 我

20、的看法是；以及由 if 引导的条件状语从句等。学习中注意总结,牢记一些固定句式及短语,写作时就可以适当引用, 让文章更出彩。【难度系数】4【题目】现在的学生纷纷感到功课多，学习负担重，压力大，内心烦恼，于是不少学生特别是留守孩子（left-behind children）迷上网络，在网上打游戏（computer game），QQ 聊天，写博客（Blog），发微信（Wechat），交网友（Internet friend），等等。由于不能把握好利弊，消耗很多时间，导致学习成绩下滑，结果更加烦恼。你认为怎样放松才合适呢？请你根据示，以 Learn to relax yourself 为题写一篇短文。

21、写作要点示：1. 学生压力大及其表现；2. 学会放松很重要；3. 最适合我的放松方式；4. 我的建议。写作要求：短文的内容应包含所示要点，语言要流畅，意思连贯，适当增加情节；短文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名；短文词数在 90 词左右。【答案】Learn to relax yourselfNow many students are under too much pressure. They always feel too tired to listen to teachers carefully in class.Its important for students to relax. On

22、ly in this way can they study well and be healthy. Here are some different ways to relax yourself. For example, you can try sleeping enough, or you can listen to your favorite music. You can also read some books or do some sports. For me, I often hang out with my friends.While you are studying, dont

23、 forget to relax. You may study better after a good rest.这是一篇纲作文。题目所给要点比较具体，我们要做的就是用正确的英语把这些内容表达出来。动笔前要认真阅读材料，不可遗漏要点，并适当发挥。根据材料内容可知本文主要是一般现在时态，主语是第二人称，注意时态与时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少.如: under too much pressure 太多的压力之下。hang out 闲逛，They always feel too tired to

24、 listen to teachers carefully in class. 他们总是觉得太累了以致不能认真听讲。学习中注意总结,牢记一些固定句式及短语,写作时就可以适当引用,使文章的表达更有逻辑性,更富有条理.习题演练【题目】在现代社会里，广告无处不在。有人喜欢，有人讨厌。谈谈你对广告的观点及广告的优点和缺点。1.语句通顺。2. 不少于 80 题。Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising_【答案】In the modern world advertising is everywhere! Some people like ads and oth

25、ers hate ads. I think there are someadvantages and disadvantages about ads.Some ads are very useful. They can tell people how to compare different products so that people can buy the better ones. They can also help you save money.However, there are also some disadvantages. Some ads can be confusing

26、or misleading. Sometimes the words sound good but dont tell you anything real, and the picture in an ad looks much better than the real thing. So you have to be careful not to be cheated. We shouldnt believe everything the ads tell us.这是一篇话题作文。要求广告的优点和缺点发表自己的看法。这篇短文条理清晰，连词的合理使用使文章的表达更丰富，更有逻辑性。【适用场合】

27、当堂练习题【题目】为了向全世界展示绿色中国，学生会倡议每位同学围绕“如何进行低碳生活”写一篇英语文章，介绍自己如何从身边小事做起，尝试进行低碳生活。“低碳生活”的意义（1） 可以节约能源（2） 有利于减少污染，改善环境“低碳生 （1） 节约资源，关注日常生活，从身边小事做起，外出时及时关活”的措施 掉电脑和电器；关水笼头，循环利用水；不浪费纸，两面写字（2）减少白色等污染，用纸袋代替塑料袋，尽量不购买不必要的物品；步行、骑自行车上学个人观点和希望1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 2. 短文必须包括表格中示的所有要点，并作适当发挥；3. 词数：100 左右（文章开头已给，不计入总词数）；4. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。electrical equipment 电器，resource 资源How to Live a Low-Carbon Life（低碳生活）As we all know, having a low-carbon life is very important to us. Fi