中考命题研究河北省中考英语 语法专题突破 专题八 动词无答案 人教新目标版Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、47liked/hated/found/losthappened/changed/ended/appeared河北中考单项选择对动词的考查主要涉及动词（包括实义动词和感官动词）、动词短语、情态动词、非谓语动词（只考查动词不定式）。完形填空中也涉及实义动词词义辨析，而词语运用中对动词的考查主要是和时态相结合。预计2020年中考单选仍会从动词短语、情态动词、动词不定式方面来考查。完形填空主要考查动词词义辨析。河北中考重难点突破动词的分类动词分类【考点抢测】（）1._ everyone here today？Now lets begin the meeting.ABeBAreCIsDAm（）2.He

2、 _ pale at the meeting this morning.Agot Blooked Cturned Dseemed（）3.I _ go to bed until I finished my work.Adont Bdid Cdidnt Dnot（）4.He said that he dropped his bag when he _ running for the bus.Awas Bwere Care Dis（）5.He _ an English club last year and has made great progress in English.Aprotected B

3、producedCjoined Dreceived（）6.If you want to change the world，you have to _ yourself first.Aenjoy Bcheck Chelp Dchange（）7.The man over there _ be Mr. Smith.He has gone to Hong Kong.Amust Bmay Ccant Dneednt（）8.According to the new traffic law，everyone in a car _ wear the belt.Acan Bmay Cmust Dwill【满分点

4、拨】动词按照含义及它们在句中的作用分为4类，即行为动词，也称实义动词，（连）系动词、助动词和情态动词。情态动词将在第三节中具体讲解。河北中考侧重于感官动词的考查，偶尔也涉及实义动词的辨析。动词作为句子的核心成分，学生应重点掌握。1动词的分类动词是表示动作或状态的词。动词分为四类：实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。（1）实义动词的用法（及物动词与不及物动词）实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。按其是否跟宾语分为及物动词（vt.）和不及物动词（vi.）；按是否具有延续性分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思表达完整，如reach，ask，return，lo

5、ve，need。具体用法为：动词宾语。如：He reached Canada yesterday.他昨天到达加拿大。动词宾语宾语补足语。They asked me to go fishing with them.他们让我一起去钓鱼。I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园里玩。注意：带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的常考动词有：make，let，have，see，watch，notice，hear等。动词间接宾语直接宾语。I will return the storybook to him.我准备把故事书还给他。带双宾

6、语的常考动词有：give，bring，buy，get，leave，lend，make，offer，pass，teach，tell，reach，return等。不及物动词不及物动词本身意思完整，无须接宾语，构成“主语谓语”的句型，如swim，come，go，run，travel等；如后面接宾语，必须与介词连用。Lucy is swimming.露西正在游泳。I am waiting for you at the school gate.我正在校门口等你。有些动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。We study English.我们学习英语。（及物）We study hard.我们学习努力。（不

7、及物）The little girl is singing an English song.这个小女孩正在唱一首英语歌曲。The little girl sings well.这个小女孩唱歌很好。（2）系动词的用法（共考查7次）系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。常考系动词的分类类别功能例词表示状态表示主语所处的状态。am，is，are，was，were表示持续表示主语继续或保持某种身份和状态。keep，remain，stay，stand，lie表示感官表示人体感官的系动词。look，feel，smell，taste，sound变化表示

8、主语从一种状态变换到另一种状态。become，get，go，grow，turn常见用法的注意事项：一般情况下，系动词没有被动语态形式。表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行时（feel除外）；变化系动词表示“渐渐”，可用于进行时。Its getting warmer and warmer.天气渐渐变得暖和。（3）助动词的用法（共考查5次）助动词本身没有意义或意义不完全，不能单独用作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外，还可以用来构成否定、疑问或强调的句型。具体用法见下表：分类作用beam/is/are现在分词现在进行时was/were现在分词过去进行时be

9、过去分词被动语态do形式有do，does，did，用于构成疑问句和否定句，或用在动词前加强语气havehave/has过去分词现在完成时had过去分词过去完成时havebeen现在分词现在完成进行时will/shallwill/shall动词原形一般将来时would/should动词原形过去将来时【易错点提醒】will，would，shall，should除了表示单纯的将来时间以外，更多的是用作情态动词。（4）情态动词的用法（具体用法和习题详见本专题的第三节情态动词）2动词的基本形式英语动词有五种基本形式，即：动词原形、第三人称单数（现在时）、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。形式构成动词原形不带t

10、o的动词不定式形式。be，do，have，come第三人称单数一般在动词原形后直接加s。workworksreadreads以s，o，x，z，sh，ch结尾的动词，后加es。gogoeswashwashes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加es。flyfliesstudystudies过去式与过去分词一般在动词原形后直接加ed。workworkedstaystayed在以e结尾的动词后只加d。closeclosedlikeliked以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加ed。studystudiedcarrycarried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母

11、再加ed。stopstoppedplanplanned现在分词一般在动词原形后直接加ing。sleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加ing。smilesmilingmovemoving以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加ing。sitsittingdigdiggingplanplanning少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ing。diedyinglielying动词辨析一、词语运用1We need to buy a computer that _ least and has the best quality.2Why a

12、re you _ a Tshirt？Youll probably catch a cold in this very cold weather.3Mom，this kind of fruit _ nice.Id like to taste one.二、单项选择（）4.You are _ to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesnt get bored.AsuggestedBsupportedCtaught Dsupposed（）5.His family are worried about

13、him because they havent _ letters from him for a long time.Aaccepted BreceivedCwritten Dcollected（）6.Daisy is such a good daughter that she _ most of her spare time with her parents.Aspends BcostsCtakes Daffords（）7.Try to _Do not depend on your dictionary all the time.Aknow BachieveChelp Dguess（）8.D

14、ont forget to _ “Thank you！”when someone helps you.Atalk BtellCsay Dspeak（）9.The roof of the house needs repairing.Its raining now，youd better get something to _ rain drops.Acontrol BcoverCcarry Dcatch（）10.（2020石家庄41中模拟）Oh，it _ so nice.What beautiful music it is!Asmells BsoundsCtastes Dlooks（）11.I r

15、eally enjoy the noodles and vegetables.They _ delicious.Astay BfeelCtaste Dsound分析河北近几年的中考真题不难看出动词辨析是河北中考的一个必考点。主要涉及实义动词辨析，感官动词辨析等。这种题目多会在单选和完形填空中出现。这种题目主要考查学生平时对单词的记忆。河北中考考点精练（）1.（2020南京中考）Whats wrong with Simon? He isnt at school today.His legs hurt.He was _by a motorcycle this morning.AtreatedBhi

16、tCoperated Dcured（）2.（2020滨州中考）Mom is making dinner.It _ so nice!Asmells Btastes Cfeels Dsounds（）3.（2020沧州9中模拟）Why didnt you buy any bread?Sorry，I _.Aforget BforgotCremember Dremembered（）4.（2020安徽中考）The running water makes the stones _ very smooth.Asound Btaste Csmell Dfeel（）5.（2020连云港中考）Oh，my God!

17、I _ my notebook in my bedroom.It doesnt matter.Ill lend you mine.Aforget Bforgot Cleave Dleft（）6.（2020江西中考）Fresh food is good for you.But you have to _ it first because sometimes it is a little dirty.Ataste Bsmell Cwash Dplant（）7.（2020保定8中模拟）Lao Shes Teahouse _ the changes in Chinese society over fi

18、fty years.Adescribes BimprovesCprepares Dcorrects（）8.（2020盐城中考）The librarian told me that I could _ these magazines for three days.Aborrow BbuyCkeep Dreturn（）9.（2020扬州中考）When you _ yourself with others，you miss the wonder of who you are.Acompare BcommunicateCcontact Dconnect（）10.（2020无锡中考）The school

19、 network will be shut down for safety reasons.That doesnt _ me at all.Im not a networm，anyway.Asatisfy BsurpriseCworry Dinclude（）11.（2020邯郸35中模拟）My brother _ to move the heavy box，but I didnt give up.Areminded BrefusedCagreed Dconsidered（）12.（2020秦皇岛中考模拟）The girl is greatly interested in the song.Th

20、e lyrics of it _ her thoughts and feelings.Aexpress BdiscussCexpect Dimagine（）13.（2020唐山一模）Im sorry I left my homework at home.Shall I go and _ it?No，you neednt.Bring it here tomorrow.Aget Bsend Ctake Dpass（）14.（2020承德中考模拟）Who reached the station on time?I _！ In fact，I arrived there 5 minutes earlie

21、r.Awas Breached Cdid Ddo（）15.（2020廊坊中考模拟）I dont _ the heat，for Im used to hot weather.Alike Bmind Cknow Dstand（）16.（2020原创预测）He is an honest boy.I have no reason to _ what he said.AhearBdoubtCrepeatDbelieve（）17.（2020原创预测）It _ about eight minutes for sunlight（阳光）to travel from the sun to the earth.At

22、akes BspendsCcosts Dpays（）18.（2020原创预测）He always doesnt know where to _ for vacation.Ago Blead Cmake Dinvite（）19.（2020原创预测）We all know that learning a foreign language _ time and effort.Arequires BreducesCremoves Drepeats（）20.（2020原创预测）I got a message saying my phone number won a prize worth $3 ，000

23、.Too good to be true.Dont _ it.Ado Bhold Cmake Dbelieve（）21.（2020原创预测）Although Lucy is only three years old，she is able to _ herself.Aput Bmake Cwear Ddress（）22.（2020原创预测）The local people like that Italian restaurant because it _ both delicious food and good service.Auses BwantsCshares Dprovides第二节动

24、词短语动词短语动词短语辨析look for/pay_for/ask for/wait forgive up/put_down/pick up/think about36get短语辨析get up/get_off/get to/get in52take out/cut off/put down/pick_up84turned_on41take down/turn up/take away/turn_off53looking for/worrying about/waiting_for/thinking about39down短语辨析cut down/look down/turn down/put

25、_downtake短语辨析take out of/take_care_of/take part in/take away from河北中考单项选择题对动词短语的考查主要偏向take/turn/put/down短语等。考查形式主要集中在三个方面：同一动词不同介词，如2020年36题的get短语，2020年35题的take短语；不同动词同一介词，如2020年39题的down短语；不同动词不同介词，如2020年的41题。设题形式为简单句，词数多为913。预测2020年河北中考的单项选择题会考查动词短语辨析。（）1.Its hot today，isnt it?Yes，it is.Why not _ your jacket?Atake careBtake placeCtake after Dtake off（）2