1、Mass media (大众传媒)Natural world (自然世界)Neighborhood and surroundings (生活环境) Personal information (个人信息)Public places (公共场所)Recreation and sports (娱乐与运动)Science and technology (科学技术)Subjects (学科)Social communications (社会交际)Social relationships (人际关系)Transportation (交通运输)Trips and journeys (旅行)2、呈现形式Adv
2、ertisements(广告)Chants (吟诵)Dialogues (对话)Fables (寓言)Famous saying (名言)Games (游戏)Guides (指南)Letters(信件)News (新闻)Notes (便条)Passages (语篇)Plays (戏剧)Poems (诗歌)Proverbs(谚语)Reports (报道)Rhymes (儿歌)Riddles (谜语)Songs (歌曲)Stories (故事)Surveys (调查)3、功能意念Ability and inability(能够与不能够)Advice(劝告)Agreement and disagre
3、ement (同意与不同意)Apology (道歉)Arguing (争辩)Blame (责备)Boredom (厌烦)Certainty and uncertainty (肯定与不肯定)Comparison (比较)Complaint (抱怨)Concern (关心)Confidence (自信)Congratulations (祝贺)Decision (决定)Delight (高兴)Description (描述)Encouragement (鼓励)Farewell (道别)Good wishes (祝愿)Gratitude (道谢)Greetings (问候)Hesitations (犹
4、豫)Hope (希望)Identification (识别)Impression (印象)Information (信息)Instruction (指示)Intention (意图)Introduction (介绍)Invitation (邀请)Judgment (判断)Like and dislike (喜欢遇不喜欢)Obligation (义务)Offers (提供)Opinion (观点)Permission (允许)Possibility (可能)Preference (偏爱)Promise (许诺)Reasoning (推理)Repetition (重复)Request (请求)Sa
5、tisfaction (满意)Suggestion (建议)Surprise (惊讶)Warning (警告)Willingness (意愿)Worry (担忧)4、语言知识(1)语音读音规则a.元音母在重读开、闭音节中的读音规则b.辅音字母的基本读音规则c.字母组合的读音规则d.单词重音国际音标朗读a.句子重音、意群和停顿b.连读和不完全爆破c.语调(2)词汇参照书本所附的“英语词汇表”词形变化构词法a.合成b.派生c.转化首字母缩略法单词释义(3)语法1名词a.普通名词和专有名词b.可数名词(复数形式的构成和数量表达)c.不可数名词(数量表达法)d.名词所有格(s的用法、of结构)2代词a
6、.人称代词(主格和宾格)b.物主代词(名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词)c.指示代词d.疑问代词e.反身代词f.不定代词g.it的用法(表示时间、自然现象、距离、形式主语、形式宾语)3数词a.基数词b.序数词c.钟点表达法d.日期表达法e.年份表达法f.分数、小数、百分比表达法g.基本数学运算表达4冠词a.不定冠词b.定冠词c.零冠词5形容词a.作定语(前置、后置)b.作表语c.作宾语补语d.比较级和最高级的构成和用法6副词a.用法b.位置c.比较级和最高级的构成和用法7介词a.表示时间b.表示地点c.表示方法d.表示所属关系e.其他用法8连词a.并列连词b.从属连词9动词a.连系动词be,g
7、et,become,look,feel,sound,smell,seem,turn,grow等b.行为动词c.助动词d.情态动词can,may,must, should, need, shall, will, could, would,ought to 等e.时态a)一般现在时的构成和用法b)一般过去时的构成和用法c)一般将来时的构成和用法d)现在进行时的构成和用法e)现在完成时的构成和用法f)过去进行时的构成和用法g)过去完成时的构成和用法h)过去将来时的构成和用法f.语态a)一般现在时被动语态的构成和用法b)一般过去时被动语态的构成和用法c)一般将来时被动语态的构成和用法d)现在完成时被动
8、语态的构成和用法e)*含情态动词的被动语态f)*短语动词的被动语态g)主动语态向被动语态转换g.不定式a)构成(肯定句、否定句、wh-+不定式、复合结构)b)用法(作宾语、作状语、作表语、作主语、作宾语补主语、不带to的不定式)h.动名词a)构成(肯定式)b).用法(作宾语、作主语、作表语) 4)句法1句子的种类a.陈述句(肯定句、否定句)b.疑问句及回答(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句、选择疑问句)c.祈使句d.感叹句2句子的类型a.简单句b.并列句c.复合句.状语从句.宾语从句(构成、直接引语和间接引语、复合宾语)*.定语从句(由关系代词who、which、that引导)3句子的成分a
9、.主语b.谓语c.表语d.宾语(简单宾语、直接宾语和间接宾语、复合宾语)e.定语f.状语 (打*号内容只要求理解)四、试卷结构试卷由三部分构成。第一部分为听力;第二部分为语言知识(词汇、语法和语言功能);第三部分为读写。试卷结构具体如下:内容分值占总分比例PartListening3020%PartVocabulary and Grammar50约33%PartReading and Writing70约47%第一,三部分考查学生的英语语言能力;第二部分以考查学生的英语语言知识为主。试卷采用试卷答题纸分开的形式。所有试题统一排序,用连贯的阿拉伯数字表示。五、考试细则1.考试内容的比例:见试卷结
10、构。2. 测量目标的比例:语言知识:语言能力=1:2。3.试题难易比例:易:中:难=8:1:1。4.试卷总分:150分。5.考试时间:100分钟。6.考试形式:闭卷书面考试,分为试卷与答题纸两部分,考生必须将答案全部坐在答题纸上。7.基本题型:选择题、填空题、问答、作文。一名词I. 名词的种类:专有名词普通名词国名.地名.人名,团体.机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词II. 名词的数:1. 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:规则例词1一般情况在词尾加-smap-maps, sea-seas, girl-
11、girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-esclass-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives加-sbelief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-esparty-parties, family-famil
12、ies, story-stories, city-cities5以元音字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos两者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoe
13、s/ volcanos7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-struth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2. 不规则名词复数:英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 单复数相同sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yua
14、n, jin, 只有复数形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents一些集体名词总是用作复数people, police, cattle, staff部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员)audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关), forces(军队), t
15、imes(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)表示“某国人”Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law
16、, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches将两部分变为复数women singers, men servantsIII. 名词的所有格:名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加s构成,二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。1. s所有格的构成:单数名词在末尾加sthe boys father, Jacks book, her son-in-laws photo,复
17、数名词一般在末尾加the teachers room, the twins mother, 不规则复数名词后加sthe childrens toys, womens rights, 以s结尾的人名所有格加s或者Dickens novels, Charless job, the Smiths house表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加sJapans and Americas problems, Janes and Marys bikes表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加sJapan and Americas problems, Jane and Marys father表示某人家店铺,所有
18、格后名词省略the doctors, the barbers, the tailors, my uncles2. s所有格的用法:表示时间todays newspaper, five weeks holiday 表示自然现象the earths atmosphere, the trees branches表示国家城市等地方的名词the countrys plan, the worlds population, Chinas industry表示工作群体the ships crew, majoritys view, the teams victory表示度量衡及价值a miles journey
19、, five dollars worth of apples与人类活动有特殊关系的名词the lifes time, the plays plot某些固定词组a birds eye view, a stones throw, at ones wits end(不知所措)3. of所有格的用法:用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed二冠词
20、冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。I. 不定冠词的用法:指一类人或事,相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.第一次提及某人某物,非特指A boy is waiting for you.表示“每一”相当于every,oneWe study eight hours a day.表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy
21、 is rather a Lei Feng.用于固定词组中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.II. 定冠词的用法:表示某一类人或物The horse is a useful animal.用于世上独一
22、无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door?用于乐器前面play the violin, play the guitar用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded表示“一家人”或“夫妇”the Greens, the Wangs用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前the
23、 United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代in the 1990s11用于表示单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名词,身体部位名词,及表示时间的词组前He patted me on the shoulder.III. 零冠词的用法:专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, l
24、ove, air名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前He likes playing football/chess.与by连用表示交通工具的名词前by train, by air, by land以a
25、nd连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8 表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.三代词:I. 代词可以分为以下七大类:人称代词主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them物主代词形容词性my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs反身代词myself, yours
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