北京市中考英语二轮复习阅读理解9Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、差basicallyadv.基本上nowadays现在，当今populationn.人口drivev.开车，驾驶leftadj.左边的opp. rightexact准确的，严密的generally一般地，通常obviously明显地happen发生force强迫continue继续change改变become变成avoid避免trouble麻烦长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。1. When Napoleon conquered（攻占）nations, he forced them to travel on the right side of the road, whic

2、h spreadleft-hand driving throughout Europe.（优良差）_句意：当拿破仑攻占了这个国家，他强迫他们在路的右侧行进，这件事使左手驱动在欧洲范围内传播开来。本句中包含着一个由which引导的定语从句。2. This is why India, Australia and the former British colonies（前英国殖民地）in Africa continue to drive on the left.（优良差）这就是为什么印度，澳大利亚和在非洲的前英国殖民地继续在左侧驾驶。本句中包含着一个由why引导的表语从句。方法篇“方法得当, 事半功

3、倍。”只有语料的积累, 没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑, 在有足够语料积累的基础上, 能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你精心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧, 快来看看你掌握了多少？一、阅读理解解题步骤第一步快速浏览全文，了解文章大概。浏览时要注意以下句子：每段的开头和结尾，重要的情节句子，如果遇到未学或不认识的单词或不理解的句子，可以根据上下文猜测，切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步浏览问题，明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白，这样又能辅助进一步理解文章的主要内容，具体做题时就能对号入座，找到文章中确切表达所要回答问题的关

4、键句子。第三步通篇寻读，确定段落。也就是带着问题去读，找到要回答问题的关键词、句或意群，以及任何有关答题的信息，用铅笔画下来，以便为下一步答题做好充分准备。第四步逐条分析，对号入座。把需要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析，对号入座。一般来说，出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自上到下顺序设计的，根据难度先解决容易的，最后解决深层次的理解题。第五步复读全文，验证答案。全部题目做完后，必须再仔细阅读一遍全文，进一步加深对文章理解，核实所选答案是否正确。二、阅读理解解题技巧初中英语选择型阅读理解题主要分为四种题型，分别是细节理解题，推理判断题，猜测词义题和主旨大意题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义，

5、设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。题型题型一：细节理解题解释本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考察这些细节。设题方式1. Which of the following statements is true/false?2. Which of the following is （not） mentioned?3. According to the passage, when（ whe

6、re, why, how, who, etc）?解题技巧1. 细心审题，直接就题找答案2. 变通理解，间接转述找答案3. 多点归纳，综合事实找答案典题精析Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are ri

7、ght handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Dont be surprised if you feel awkward（别扭的）.If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will .A. get hurt B. give up cutting C. feel awkward D. change their tools本题可以运用到解题技巧1. 细心审题，

8、直接就题找答案浏览题干，确定关键短语为cut up potatoes with their left hand，浏览段落，确定关键句 If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Dont be surprised if you feel awkward（别扭的）.“如果你是一个习惯用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成块。如果你感到别扭并不让人惊讶。”，根据句意即可推断出正确答案，故选C。题型二：推理判断题推理判

9、断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维能力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，涉及面广，如人物的性格、心理，故事的结局、寓意，文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。1. It can be inferred from the text that_.2. From the text we know that _.3. With which of the following does the author agree?4. The passage is probably taken from a _.1. 通过文章陈述的事实进行推断2. 根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进

10、行推断3. 根据作者的意图和态度进行推断Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things to do, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake ca

11、kes. “But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up.Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories an

12、d reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely. The writer talks about Syal and Perry to .A. stress the great

13、differences between themB. introduce a popular writer and a famous artistC. suggest good ways of going through boredomD. show effects of boredom on developing creativity本题可以运用到解题技巧2. 根据文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言进行推断题干意为“作者谈论Syal 和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。两个段落很长，我们首先要精读段落，抓住两个人物的态度，第一段中关键句为a writer named Meera Sy

14、al said boredom had helped her in developing her mind.意为“Meera Syal说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”，第二段关键句为He became creative, because he could think freely.意为“他变得积极，因为他能够自由思考”，由这两句关键句可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创造力，”，故选D。题型三：词义猜测题单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据文中语境来判断。1. The underlined sentence in

15、 the last paragraph means _.2. The word“”most likely means _.3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word _.1. 通过因果关系猜测词义2. 通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义3. 通过构词法猜测词义4. 通过定义或释义说明来猜测词义5. 通过描述猜测词义6. 用知识和生活经验猜测词义7. 根据上下文的指代关系猜测词义Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the

16、 time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity. What does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Slow down. B. Keep up with. C. Go beyond. D. Give rise to.本题可以运用到解题技巧2. 通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜

17、测词义浏览本段，会发现本段中存在转折连词while“然而”，while后的句意为“无聊能给他们发展创造力的机会”，所以while之前的句意应该与之相反，进一步推测词义。A意为“（使）慢下来”，B意为“跟上”，C意为“超出”，D意为“引起，导致”，故选A。题型四：主旨大意题考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。1. 问标题：What is the main topic of the passage? / The best title for the passage is _.2. 问中心：The first paragraph is mainly about the _. / The p

18、assage is mostly about _.3. 问目的，态度：The author wants to tell _. / The purpose of this article is to _.1. 浏览文章首尾段和各段开头，抓住主旨段或主旨句2. 浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨3. 以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气及写作意图In the past, people thought it was strange to use the left hand. Young students looked down upon their left-handed classmates. Som

19、e children were even punished for using their left hand to write. But these days parents and teachers have accepted that. In almost every school in the world, left-handed students can use their left hand to write.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Causes of being left handed. B. Encouragement to le

20、ft-handersC. Punishment for using the left hand. D. Changes in opinions on left-handers.本题可以运用到解题技巧2. 浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨本题考察的是第二段段落大意，要首先锁定第二段的关键词but，but之前的关键词in the past和it was strange to use the left hand表明了在过去人们认为使用左手是奇怪的，but之后的关键词these days和have accepted that表明了现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲述了人们关于惯用左手的人的态

21、度上的转变。可以判定答案为Changes in opinions on left-handers.，故选D。语篇精讲浏览问题（抓住题干及选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）题号题干及选项1Nowadays, _of the worlds population drives on the right of the road.（细节理解题）A. around 74% B. around 65% C. around 19% D. around 17%2On Roman coins we can see pictures of horsemen _.（细节理解题）A. travelling thr

22、oughout EuropeB. passing on each others rightC. practicing riding in the countryD. getting on the horses from the right3Which of the following is true according to the passage?（细节理解题）A. Sweden changed to drive on the right in 1974.B. People drive on the left side of the road in Egypt.C. Napoleon hel

23、ped with the spread of left-hand driving.D. People have known the exact reasons for driving on the left.4What is the writers purpose for writing this passage?（主旨大意题）A. To explain the advantages of the two ways of driving.B. To compare the differences of the two ways of driving.C. To introduce the de

24、velopment of the two ways of driving.D. To complain about the change of the two ways of driving.通篇寻读（通读文章，根据问题中的关键词标记出文章中的重点词，短语或句子，为逐题分析做准备）话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级日常生活类说明文3407分钟_/4There are basically two ways of driving in the world：if the drivers seat is on the left and cars travel on the right side o

25、f the road, it is called “left-hand driving”, as it is in China; Instead, it is called “right-hand driving”, as it is in Britain. Nowadays, around 65% of the worlds population drives on the right of the road, while the rest is used to driving on the left.Though no one knows the exact reasons, it see

26、ms likely that people in ancient times travelled on the left. Roman coins show pictures of horsemen passing on each others right. And right-handed people generally got on a horse from the animals left. Obviously, its safer to do this at the left side of the road, so it makes sense for the horse to b

27、e ridden on the left.A change happened in the late 1700s. When Napoleon conquered（攻占）nations, he forced them to travel on the right side of the road, which spread left-hand driving throughout Europe. However, Britain still stuck with the right-hand driving role and countries which were part of the B

28、ritish Empire were made to follow. This is why India, Australia and the former British colonies（前英国殖民地）in Africa continue to drive on the left. One exception is Egypt, as that country was defeated（打败）by Napoleon before becoming part of the British Empire.Some countries changed sides until modern times. Sweden only moved to driving on the right in 1967 and Iceland changed the following year. Ghana changed sides in 1974. On September 7, 2009, Samoa became the third country ever to change from le