做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧Word文件下载.docx

1、如：_51_do you suppose he asked for them?51. A. What B. How C. Who D. Which【解析】本题中，do you suppose为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词How来修饰谓语动词asked，而不能用代词What, Who或 Which。_8_ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job.8. A. Because B. While C. If D. Since【解析】根据后面的I had be

2、en born in the 16th century可知这只是个假设，是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导。3. 利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。They couldnt read or write. They didnt like to work and they never 12 bath

3、s.12. A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意为“洗澡”。I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was useless and when I was 14 he said, “Youre never going to be 2 but a failure.”2. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing【解析】本题考查习语anything but，意为“决不”“根本不”，即校长认为我

4、肯定是一个失败的人。4. 利用固定句型解题完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解，但同时也会考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好这些句型，对确定题目的答案很有帮助。I havent had a phone in the house for three weeks now, and its several days 19 I used a phone box.19. A. as B. when C. if D. since【解析】本题考查的是itssince句型，意为“自从已（多长时间了）”。这句话的意思是“自从我上次打投币电话已经有好几天了”。It wasnt long 18 the police caught

5、 the thief.18. A. after B. when C. before D. until【解析】It wasnt long before是常用句型，意为“不久就”。这里说的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。“Why 14 you take a big man with you? You have to fight the sailor who is drunk.”14. A. dont B. couldnt C. cant D. do【解析】Why dont you do sth?是表示建议的固定句型，意为“为何不？”。5. 利用复现信息解题语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、

6、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。First of all, I respected his 3 to teaching. Because his lectures were always well-prepared and clearly delivered, students crowded into his classroom.3. A. attention B. introduction C. relation D. d

7、evotion【解析】空格后面的句子说到教授的讲座准备充分、讲解清楚（well-prepared and clearly delivered），由此可知教授为教育做出了很大的贡献，devotion to sth意为“对贡献”，与下文相通。I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasnt empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made b

8、ed sat Amy, my new 44 , dressed neatly. A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion 【分析】名词同现，空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。6. 利用跳读法解题一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简单的。 对于这类空格考生可以先将其确定下来，之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太容易得出答案的题。切忌做题时循规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awak

9、e at once. He_1_ up and looked around. A short distance away, a group of_2_ stood quietly watching us. One of them _3_ walking toward us. We both jumped to our _4_ not knowing what to expect.1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants3. A. avoided B. delayed

10、 C. began D. desired4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet【解析】在通读全文的第一遍中，我们可以很容易地将第四空填出来，这是固定搭配jump to ones feet （跳起来）；由此也可推出第三空的答案，因为有人开始向“我们”走了过来，所以“我们”才跳了起来；再根据第一空前面的wide-awake可知，此处指的应该是“我和Josh完全清醒，坐起来，环顾四周”，所以第一空的答案为A；最后，根据句首Visitors可推知第二空的答案为B。7. 巧用排除法解题在有些情况下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案，可以把排除法和词汇、语法分析

11、结合起来运用，缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。The woman looked carefully at me _5_ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice.5. A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again【解析】这篇文章讲述的是没有工作经验的作者找到工作的故事。此题的解题关键词是carefully，既然是“认真地看”，就不会是in a minute （立刻、马上）；既然互不相识，作者也未曾去找过工作，不会是as usual（像往常一样）；前面没说已经

12、打量过作者一次了，所以用once again（再一次）是不合理的。He put the books into the return box. And after a brief _6_ in the toilet, he would be on his way to the playground to meet Eric.6. A. rest B. break C. walk D. stop【解析】此题答案为D。人不可能在厕所里休息（rest, break）或是散步（walk），由此排除另外三个选项。When I started playing _19_ him, he told me I n

13、eeded to relax because I looked nervous.19. A. at B. by C. for D. around【解析】此题用排除法，by 和around都有“在旁边”的意思，要选都要选，故排除这两个答案，play at后接游戏名，是“做游戏”的意思，也可排除。故答案为C。8. 利用逻辑关系解题尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最佳途径。所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。通过逻辑关系的方法，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。

14、这样做，使得题目的难度大大降低。（1） 句中逻辑关系Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elementsusually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and_45_nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body.45. A. mostly B. partly

15、 C. sometimes D. rarely【解析】短文中的usually和and是本题逻辑推理的线索。And前后构成了并列关系，即and前的 usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 这些维生素成分和and 后面的 nitrogen 成分形成并列关系，相应修饰 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 的usually必然和修饰 nitrogen 的45空的词构成一一对应的逻辑关系。鉴于此，在45空考虑填入的应是和usually相对应的频度副词，而语义与usually略有不同。mostly 和partly都表示了部分、量的含义，与频度无关。rarely（很少

16、地，罕有地）虽表示了频度关系，但其意义与usually相反，不符合一一对应的一致性，因此排除。只有C项sometimes（不时，有时）恰到好处地表示了and前后两部分的逻辑对应。故选C。（2） 句间逻辑关系在此，我们发现所谓逻辑关系并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，它还可以渗透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers on a short leash. _13_, she encourages them to get _14_ ways t

17、o do business.13. A. Still B. Yet C. Instead D. While【解析】根据前后句子的意思可推出两句间的逻辑关系是转折，意思是“Old Mr Cleveland把工人用带子捆绑起来（没有任何自由），而她不那样，相反（instead）她鼓励雇员”。There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, _1_ would prove that there has always been a warm relationshi

18、p between the various areas of human activity.1. A. therefore B. however C. moreover D. otherwise【解析】第一句讲各科艺术间是分离的，但后文讲的却是它们之间有很大的关联。however的意思是“然而”，表示转折，符合下文。故本题答案为however。（3） 段间逻辑关系这种逻辑关系主要体现在段落之间的衔接上。Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so. It is generally recogniz

19、ed, _29_, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.29. A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore【解析】这里有两种情况，第一可能

20、是第二段前后的逻辑体现；第二就是段落的前后衔接。但是，这个题出现在第二段的第一句，那么，从完形填空注重逻辑关系的命题思路来看，我们优先考虑第二种情况。前段末句意为“不是每个人都能够正确看待这个进程”。而第二段首句为“大家普遍认为”，显然这两者之间存在了逻辑意义上的相反，此处可能体现了一种转折关系。9. 巧用背景常识解题解答完形填空题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，还需要把读者头脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起来考虑，最后作出符合常识的最佳答案。因此，考生的知识范围越广，则对文章的理解会更容易，整体上知道所选短文在说什么，那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得心应手。因此解答完形填空题时，考生的英语语言知

21、识和有关世界的知识，都发挥着重要的作用。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，先找出并理解文章主题和主线，并根据主题猜测细节，注意从重复出现的词语中寻找、体会文章表达的氛围。这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。After _2_ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back.2. A. growing B. putting C

22、. planting D. laying【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant在这里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案为plant。Salina Joe began to _2_ when she was one-year old.2. A. say B. cry C. sing D. talk【解析】根据常识判断，婴儿在一岁的时候应该是开始学说话，而不是学哭或学唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之间选出。又因为say是及物动词，其后面需接宾语，而talk是不及物动词，其后不需要接宾语，故正确答案为D。Every morning she would give him br

23、eakfast in bed and bring him the paper to 30A. check B.read C. keep D.sign【解析】外国人早上有读报的习惯，题中的paper指的是报纸，这是理解本文细节的关键，有了这些文化背景知识，可迅速推断出正确答案为B。Owning springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the 37 areas like the desert.37. A. dry B. distant C. deserted D. wild【解析】我们知道，沙漠以“干旱”著称，有了这

24、点常识，不难得出本题的答案为A。10. 利用对比结构解题对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and_59_room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expen

25、sive C. comfortable D. suitable【分析】本题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。If he did not know them, he would greet them with a few words about the weather, _15_ he did, he would ask about their families or make _16_, al

26、ways cutting his cloth _17_ his customers.15. A. and then B. and so C. even if D. but if【解析】本题考查了相似句型的对比关系。空格处要填的部分与前部分if he did not know them形成对比，这句话的大意是说：如果店主认识那些顾客了，就会询问他们的家庭或是开些玩笑。11. 利用平行结构解题平行结构指的是结构相同或相似，意思密切关联，语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。这些结构的形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其表现意义的关联或对比这一特点来设空。

27、高考完形填空短文常常会出现这样一些平行结构，掌握这些结构极为相似的句子可大大提高我们的解题效率。Many people now think that teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is_51_for children to work at home in their free time._52_, they argue that most teachers do not_53_ plan the homework tasks they give to pupils.51. A. unnecessary B. u

28、ninteresting C. unfortunate D. unimportant52. A. Nevertheless B. however C. Therefore D. Moreover53. A. considerably B. favorably C. properly D. pleasantly【解析】排比结构由Many people think that.They say that.they argue that.所组成。在意义上表现了人们（学生家长）对学生课业负担过重的抱怨。该结构中所设置的三个空格的正确填入，要求考生首先把握结构所体现的“主题” 抱怨作业太多。其次，要求考生

29、理解三句之间在表达意义上的递进关系。即：作业过多“too much homework”；所以，课余学生在家做作业是没必要的“unnecessary”；不仅如此，教师对作业的设计也不合适“not properly”。故答案分别为A、D、C。Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them _42_ and active.42. A. alive B. vivid C. mobile D. diverse【解析】因空格处与and后面的active是平行的，所以答案为与active意思相近的alive。12. 利用暗示和对应解题完形填空题中虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的