西安邮电大学软件工程专业英语复习资料.docx

1、西安邮电大学软件工程专业英语复习资料1. We see Cloud Computing as a computing model, not a technology. In this model “customers” plug into the “cloud” to access IT resources which are priced and provided “on-demand”. Essentially, IT resources are rented and shared among multiple tenants much as office space, apartment

2、s, or storage spaces are used by tenants. Delivered over an Internet connection, the “cloud” replaces the company data center or server providing the same service. Thus, Cloud Computing is simply IT services sold and delivered over the Internet. Refer to section of Types of Cloud Computing. 我们看到，云计算

3、作为一种计算模式，而不是技术。在这个模型中的“客户”加入到“云”，访问标价并提供“需要”的IT资源。从本质上讲，IT资源在多个租户之间被租用和共享，例如办公空间，公寓，或被租户使用的存储空间。 “云”交付了一个互联网连接，取代该公司的数据中心或服务器提供相同的服务。因此，云计算是在简单地在互联网上出售并传递的IT服务。参考部分云计算的类型。2. Delivers virtualized servers on which customers can run existing applications or develop new ones without having to worry abou

4、t maintaining the operating systems, server hardware, load balancing or computing capacity. These vendors provide APIs or development platforms to create and run applications in the cloud e.g. using the Internet. Managed Service providers with application services provided to IT departments to monit

5、or systems and downstream applications such as virus scanning for e-mail are frequently included in this category.提供虚拟化服务，客户可以运行现有应用程序或者开发新的应用程序，无需担心维护操作系统，服务器硬件，负载均衡或计算能力。这些供应商提供API或开发平台来创建和运行在云中的应用程序 - 例如使用互联网。带有应用服务的管理服务提供商将监视系统和下游的应用提供给IT部门，如频繁包括在此范畴中的电子邮件病毒扫描.3.It is important that the informat

6、ion contained within a data warehouse is stable. While data can be added, it should never be deleted. This property is referred to as being non-volatile. When a company uses a data warehouse that is stable, this will allow them to get a better understanding of the operations within their company. De

7、spite the fact that these terms were first coined in the 1990s, they are still highly accurate today. However, it should be noted that some data warehouses are volatile. The reason for this is because many modern data warehouses deal with terabytes of data. Because they must store terabytes of data,

8、 many companies are forced to delete some of their information after a certain period of time. For instance, some companies will systematically delete data that has reached three years of age. Before a data warehouse can be built, the correct data must be located. Generally, the information that wil

9、l be added to the warehouse will come from daily information or historical information. The historical information may be stored in a legacy system, and is challenging to extract. 重要的是，包含在一个数据仓库中的信息是稳定的。虽然数据可以被添加，但它永远不能被删除。此属性称为是非易失性的。当一个公司使用了一个稳定的数据仓库时，这将使他们对他们公司内部的操作有一个更好的理解。尽管事实是这些条款第一次被创造是在上世纪90

10、年代，但是在今天它们仍然是高度精确的。然而，应该指出的是，一些数据仓库是不稳定的。原因是因为许多现代数据仓库处理TB级的数据。因为它们必须存储数TB的数据，很多公司都被迫在一段时间后删除一些自己的信息。例如，一些公司将系统地删除已达到三年的数据。在一个数据仓库被创建之前，正确的数据必须位于。通常，将要加入到仓库中的信息都来自日常信息或历史信息。历史信息可能被存储在一个传统的系统中，这是对提取的挑战。4.Being subject oriented means that the data will provide information about a specific subject rath

11、er than the information about the functions of a company. Because a data warehouse is subject oriented, it will allow you to analyze information that is connected to a specific subject. Being integrated means that the data that is collected within the data warehouse can come from different sources,

12、but can be combined into one unit that is relevant and logical. Having a time-variant means that all the information within the data warehouse can be found with a given period of time. 作为面向主题意味着数据将提供有关特定主题的信息，而不是关于一个公司的功能信息。由于数据仓库是面向主题的，它可以让你分析连接到一个特定主题的信息。即整合意味着在数据仓库中收集到的数据可以来自不同的来源，但也可以合并成一个相关的和合乎

13、逻辑的单元。随时间变化意味着在数据仓库内的所有信息可以根据被给的时间期间被发现。5、The copyright system grew up with printing-a technology for mass production copying. Copyright fit in well with this technology because it restricted only the mass producers of copies. It did not take freedom away from readers of books. An ordinary reader, w

14、ho did not own a printing press, could copy books only with pen and ink, and few readers were sued for that. 版权系统随着印刷增长一种大量复制产品的技术。版权很好地适应了这种技术，因为它只限制大量复制品。它没有剥夺读者阅读书本的自由。一个没有打印机的普通读者只能利用钢笔和墨水复制书本，几乎没有读者被要求这么做。6、Digital technology is more flexible than the printing press: when information has digita

15、l form, you can easily copy it to share it with others. This very flexibility makes a bad fit with a system like copyright. Thats the reason for the increasingly nasty and draconian measures now used to enforce software copyright. Consider these four practices of the Software Publishers Association

16、(SPA): 数字技术是比印刷机更灵活：当信息具有数字形式，你可以很容易地复制它去和他人分享。这种特有的灵活性十分不适合像版权这样的系统。这就是越来越多的肮脏的和严苛的措施被用来实施软件著作权的原因。考虑软件出版商协会（SPA）的这四个做法：7、All four practices resemble those used in the former Soviet Union, where every copying machine had a guard to prevent forbidden copying, and where individuals had to copy information secretly and pass it from hand to hand as “samizdat”. There is of course a difference: the motive for information control in the Soviet Union was political; in the US th