人教版高考英语必修1学案Unit 4 EarthquakesWarming UpReadingWord格式文档下载.docx

1、dirt n泥垢；泥土dirty adj.脏的nation n民族；国家；国民national adj.民族的use n用处useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的副词后缀：lysincere adj.真诚的；真挚的sincerely adv.真诚地合成earth （地球）quake （震动）earthquake n地震地震可能会带来很大的伤亡，但是如果在平时你能做好准备，你幸存下来的机会会大大增加。那么我们需要做好哪些准备呢？Here are some tips to help you increase the chances of surviving.Make a home eart

2、hquake plan.Find a safe place in every room，such as a desk or a table，where you can find cover in an earthquake.For twofloor homes，get a propersized ladder to get out through a window if the stairs are damaged.Decide where your family will remeet if you are separated.Decide on an outoftown relative

3、for family members to get in touch with.Attach things such as tall furniture and water heaters to the wall so that they will not be knocked over during an earthquake.Prepare an emergency kit （成套工具） for your home and a car that has food，water，clothing，flashlights，a radio and a firstaid kit in it.Know

4、 what to do when an earthquake starts.Drop，cover and hold on.Only move a few steps to a safe place for cover and stay there until the shaking stops.If you are in a car，slow down and drive to somewhere away from trees and power lines.Stay in your car until the shaking sops.Practice for the real thing

5、 to help keep a clear head when a real earthquake happens.词海拾贝1increase vt.增加2get in touch with sb与某人取得联系3attach vt.把固定4hold on坚持5keep a clear head保持清醒的头脑Warming Up & Reading.重点单词1earthquake n地震quake n地震；震动2burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发3ruin n废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产4suffering n苦难；痛苦5extreme adj.极度的6injure vt.损害；伤

6、害7destroy vt.毁坏；破坏；消灭8useless adj.无用的；useful adj.有用的9shock vt.&震动 n休克；震惊；打击10rescue vt.& n救援；11trap vt.使陷入困境 n陷阱；12disaster n灾难；灾祸13bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏14shelter n掩蔽处；避身处；掩蔽15reporter n记者.核心短语1right_away立刻；马上2think_little_of不在意；看轻3as_if仿佛；好像4at_an_end结束；终结 5in_ruins严重受损；破败不堪6dig_out掘出；发现7a_（great）_numbe

7、r_of许多；大量的.经典句式1In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too_nervous_to_eat.在农家小院里的鸡，甚至猪都害怕得不吃东西。2The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.即使空中没有飞机，在唐山城外也可以听到飞机声。3It_seemed_as_if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！4Everywhere_they_

8、looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。5All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。阅读清障well /wel/ n井rise /raz/ vi.上升；增加（不用于被动语态）crack /kr k/ n裂缝；噼啪声vt.& vi.（使）开裂；破裂smelly / smel/ adj.发臭的；有臭味的farmyard / f mj d/ n农场；农家too.to.太而不能现在分词短语作伴随状语。when引导时间状语从句，even用在when前起加强语气的作用。pipe /pap/ n管；导

9、管burst /b st/ vi.爆裂；n突然破裂；million / mljn/ n百万think little of认为没什么了不起event /I vent/ n事件；大事as if仿佛；at an end结束；终结directly adv.正好，恰好which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Beijing。nation / ne n/ n民族；国民that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词crack，that在从句中作主语，不可省略。cut across横穿；抄近路穿越canal /k n l/ n运河；水道steam /sti m/ n蒸汽；水汽dirt /d t/ n污垢；泥土ruin

10、/ ru n/ n废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；in ruins 严重受损；suffering / s fr / n苦难；extreme /Ik stri m/ adj.极度的twothirds三分之二当分数的分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。injure / nd / vt.损害；the number of.的数量survivor /s vav/ n幸存者；生还者everywhere用作连词，引导地点状语从句。nearly / nl/ adv.几乎；将近；差不多destroy /dI str / vt.破坏；毁坏；gone adj.不复存在；用完了；走了brick /brk/ n砖；砖块cover /

11、k v（r）/ vt.覆盖；报道dam /d m/ n水坝；堰堤track /tr k/ n轨道；足迹；痕迹useless / ju sls/ adj.无用的；无效的tens of thousands of数以万计的shocked adj.惊愕的，受震惊的shock / k/ vt.&n休克；quake /kwek/ n地震rescue / reskju / n& vt.援救；trap /tr p/ vt.使陷入困境n陷阱；be trapped in被困在中electricity / lek trst/ n电；电流本句为“主语连系动词adj.动词不定式”结构，其中Water，food，and

12、electricity是get的逻辑宾语，to get用主动形式表达被动含义。wonder / w nd（r）/ v琢磨；想知道 n奇观；惊奇disaster /d z st/ n灾难；All.not.相当于Not all.，表示部分否定，意为“并非所有的都”。dig out掘出；bury / ber/ vt.埋葬；to the north of.相当于north of.，意为“位于以北”。miner / man/ n矿工be rescued from被从中解救出，其主动形式为rescue sb from“把某人从中解救出”。mine /man/ n矿；矿山；矿井shelter / elt/

13、n掩蔽；避身处whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作homes的定语。,原文呈现A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEPStrange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the c

14、racks.In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.At about 3：00 am on July 28,1976，some people saw bright lights in the sky.The sound of planes could be heard outside the city o

15、f Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night.At 3：42 am everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world was at an end！Eleven

16、 kilometres directly below the city one of the greatest earthquakes of the 20th century had begun.It was felt in Beijing，which is more than two hundred kilometres away.Onethird of the nation felt it.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals

17、.Steam burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.The suffering of the people was extreme.Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left with

18、out parents.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.But how could the survivors believe it was natural？Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.All of the citys hospitals,75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.Brick

19、s covered the ground like red autumn leaves.No wind，however，could blow them away.Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.Half a million pigs and millions

20、of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were shocked.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.More buildings fell down.Water，food，and elec

21、tricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.All hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped an

22、d to bury the dead.To the north of the city，most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Fresh water was taken to the city by train，truck and plane.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.,课文译文地球的一个不眠之夜河北省东北部的农村不断

23、有怪事发生。三天来，村子里的井水升升降降、起起伏伏。农民们注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西。老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方躲藏。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼往外跳。1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，一些人看到空中出现一道道亮光。即使空中没有飞机，在唐山市外也可以听到飞机的声音。在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是，唐山市的100万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当作一回事，那天晚上照常睡着了。凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃起来。20世纪最大的地震之一就在唐山市正下方11千米处爆发了。在200多千米以外的北京也感觉到了震动，全国三分之一的地方都有震感。一条8千米

24、长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房屋、道路和水道。蒸汽从地上的洞里冒了出来。坚硬的岩石山变成了泥沙河。在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就成了废墟。人们遭受了极大的苦难。2/3的人在地震中丧生或受伤。成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。死亡和重伤人数达到40多万。然而，幸存者又怎么能相信这是自然的呢？市内所有的医院、75%的工厂和建筑以及90%的住宅都不复存在了。残砖就像秋天的红叶一样覆盖着大地，然而它们是不可能被风刮走的。两座水坝垮了，大多数桥梁不是塌了，就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今变成了一条条废钢。数以万计的奶牛再也不能产奶了，50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水。人们惊呆了。

25、接着，那天下午晚些时候，强度几乎和第一次地震一样的又一次地震在唐山爆发了。一些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。更多的建筑倒塌了。水、食物和电都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。不是所有的希望都破灭了。地震发生后不久，解放军派了15万名战士到唐山协助救援人员开展救援工作。数十万的人得到了救助。解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。在唐山市以北的地区，1万名矿工中大部分被从煤矿中救了出来。救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者建了避难所，并用火车、卡车和飞机运来了淡水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。.Choose the best answer according to the

26、text.1How long did the earthquake last?A15 minutes. B42 minutes.C15 seconds. D42 seconds.2Which is NOT true according to the passage?APeople in Beijing felt the earthquake.BPeople of Tangshan cared much about the strange events before the earthquake.CIf the earthquake had happened during the daytime

27、，it wouldnt have caused so many deaths.DMany soldiers helped to rescue the people who were trapped under the ruins.3Which of the following can also be used as a title of the passage?ATangshan EarthquakeBThe World at an EndCHow to Prevent an EarthquakeDNew Tangshan4What does the last sentence “Slowly

28、，the city began to breathe again.”mean?APeople who were trapped came to life.BThe trees turned green.CThe animals began to breathe.DThe city returned to normal gradually.5Many strange things happened in the countryside EXCEPT that _.Athe well walls had deep cracks in themBsome animals were too nervo

29、us to eatCfish jumped out of bowls and pondsDbirds flew higher than usual答案1.C2.B3.A4.D5.D.True （T） or False （F）1Before July 28,1976，strange things happened in the countryside of northwest Hebei.（F）2When the earthquake happened in Hebei，onethird of the nation could feel it.（T）3The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 4,000,000.（F）4Another big quake shook Tangshan while rescue workers and doctors were saving the people trapped.（T）5Animals like cows，pigs and chickens as well as people suffered a