金融术语中英文对照Word文件下载.docx

1、finance companies财政赤字fiscal deficit财政挤银行fiscal pressure on the central bank（over monetary policy）财政政策与货币政策的配合coordination of fiscal and monetary policies采取循序渐进的方法in a phased and sequenced manner操作弹性operational flexibility操纵汇率to manipulate exchange rate产品构成product composition;product mix产品积压stock pil

2、e;excessive inventory产销率current period inventory;（即期库存，不含前期库存）sales/output ratio产销衔接marketability产业政策industrial policy长期国债treasury bonds敞口头寸open position炒股to speculate in the stock market承购包销underwrite（securities）成套机电产品complete sets of equipment;complete plant（s）城市信用社urban credit cooperatives（UCCs）城

3、市合作银行urban cooperative banks;municipal united banks城市商业银行municipal commercial banks城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅real growth in household income持续升温persistent overheating重复布点duplicate projects重置成本replacement cost重组计划restructuring plan筹资渠道funding sources;financing channels初见成效initial success出口统一管理、归口经营canalization o

4、f exports出口退税export tax rebate储蓄存款household deposits（不完全等同于西方savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。）储蓄分流diversion of household deposits储源萎缩decline in the availability of household savings传导机制transmission mechanism从价税ad valorem tax从紧控制tight control存贷款比例loan/deposit ratio存款保险体系deposit insurance system存款货币银行d

5、eposit money banks存款准备金required reservesD打白条issue IOU大额存单certificate of deposit（CD）大额提现withdraw deposits in large amounts大面积滑坡wide-spread decline大一统的银行体制（all-in-one）mono-bank system呆账（请见“坏账”）bad loans呆账准备金loan loss reserves（provisions）呆滞贷款idle loans贷款沉淀non-performing loans贷款分类loan classification贷款限额

6、管理credit control;to impose credit ceiling贷款约束机制credit disciplinary（constraint）mechanism代理国库to act as fiscal agent代理金融机构贷款make loans on behalf of other institutions戴帽贷款ear-marked loans倒逼机制reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition道德风险moral hazard地区差别regional disparity第一产业the

7、primary industry第二产业the secondary industry第三产业the service industry;the tertiary industry递延资产deferrable assets订货不足insufficient orders定期存款time deposits定向募集raising funds from targeted sources东道国（请见“母国”）host country独立核算independent accounting短期国债treasury bills对冲操作sterilization operation;hedging对非金融部门债权cl

8、aims on non-financial sector多种所有制形式diversified ownershipE恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation二级市场secondary marketF发行货币to issue currency发行总股本total stock issue法定准备金required reserves;reserve requirement法人股institutional shares法人股东institutional shareholders法治rule of law房地产投资real estate investment放松银根to ease monetary pol

9、icy非现场稽核off-site surveillance（or monitoring）非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions非赢利性机构non-profit organizations分税制assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system分业经营segregation of financial busines（services）;division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions风险暴露（风险敞口

10、）risk exposure风险管理risk management风险意识risk awareness风险资本比例risk-weighted capital ratios风险资本标准risk-based capital standard服务事业收入public service charges;users charges扶贫poverty alleviation负增长negative growth复式预算制double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary accountG改革试点reform experimentation杠杆率levera

11、ge ratio杠杆收购leveraged buyout高息集资to raise funds by offering high interest个人股non-institutional shares根本扭转fundamental turnaround（or reversal）公开市场操作open market operations公款私存deposit public funds in personal accounts公用事业public utilities公有经济the state-owned sector;the public sector公有制public ownership工业成本利润

12、率profit-to-cost ratio工业增加值industrial value added供大于求supply exceeding demand;excessive supply鼓励措施incentives股份合作企业joint-equity cooperative enterprises股份制企业joint-equity enterprises股份制银行joint-equity banks固定资产贷款fixed asset loans关税减免tariff reduction and exemption关税减让tariff concessions关税优惠tariff incentives

13、;preferential tariff treatment规范行为to regularize（or standardize）behavior规模效益economies of scale国计民生national interest and peoples livelihood国家对个人其他支出other government outlays to individuals国家风险country risk国际分工international division of labor国际收支balance of payments国有独资商业银行wholly state-owned commercial ban

14、ks国有经济（部门）the state-owned（or public）sector国有企业state-owned enterprises（SOEs）国有制state-ownership国有资产流失erosion of state assets国债回购government securities repurchase国债一级自营商primary underwriters of government securities过度竞争excessive competition过度膨胀excessive expansion过热迹象signs of overheatingH合理预期rational expe

15、ctation核心资本core capital合资企业joint-venture enterprises红利dividend宏观经济运营良好sound macroeconomic performance宏观经济基本状况macroeconomic fundamentals宏观调控macroeconomic management（or adjustment）宏观调控目标macroeconomic objectives（or targets）坏账bad debt还本付息debt service换汇成本unit export cost;local currency cost of export ear

16、nings汇兑在途funds in float汇兑支出advance payment of remittance by the beneficiarys bank汇率并轨unification of exchange rates活期存款demand deposits汇率失调exchange rate misalignment混合所有制diversified（mixed）ownership货币政策态势monetary policy stance货款拖欠overdue obligations to suppliersJ基本建设投资investment in infrastructure基本经济要素

17、economic fundamentals基本适度broadly appropriate经济金融术语汉英对照表（表二） 所有者权益owners equityT逃税（请见“避税”）tax evasion套汇（1）指合法：currency swap;arbitrage（2）指非法：illegal purchase of foreign exchange剔除季节性因素seasonally adjusted调节流动性to influence liquidity level贴现窗口discount window同比on year-on-year basis;over the same period of

18、 the previous year同业拆借（放）inter-bank borrowing（lending）同业拆借市场利率（中国）CHIBOR（China inter-bank offered rate）同业融通票据inter-bank financing bills同业往来inter-bank transactions透支overdraft退税tax refund（rebate）头寸position吞吐基础货币adjustment of monetary base脱媒现象disintermediationW外部审计external audit外国直接投资foreign direct inv

19、estment （FDI）外汇储备foreign exchange reserves外汇调剂foreign exchange swap外汇占款the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings外向型经济export-oriented economy外债external debt外资企业foreign-funded enterprises完善现代企业制度to improve the modern enterprise system完税凭证t

20、ax payment documentation违法经营illegal business委托存款entrusted deposits稳步增长steady growth稳健的银行系统a sound banking system稳中求进to make progress while ensuring stability无纸交易book-entry（or paperless/scriptless）transaction物价监测price monitoringX吸纳流动性to absorb liquidity稀缺经济scarcity economy洗钱money laundering系统内调度fund

21、allocation within a bank系统性金融危机systemic financial crisis下岗工人laid-off employees下游企业down-stream enterprises现场稽核on-site examination现金滞留（居民手中）cash held outside the banking system乡镇企业township and village enterprises（TVEs）消费物价指数consumer price index（CPI）消费税excise（consumption）tax消灭财政赤字to balance the budget;

22、to eliminate fiscal deficit销货款回笼reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system销售平淡lackluster sales协议外资金额committed amount of foreign investment新经济增长点new sources of economic growth新开工项目new projects;newly started projects新增贷款incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion新增就

23、业位置new jobs;new job opportunities信贷规模考核review the compliance with credit ceilings信号失真distorted signals信托投资公司trust and investment companies信息不对称information asymmetry信息反馈feedback（information）信息共享系统information sharing system信息披露information disclosure信用扩张credir expansion信用评级credit rating姓“资”还是姓“社”pertai

24、ning to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist行政措施administrative measures需求膨胀demand expansion; excessive demand虚伪存款window-dressing deposits削减冗员to shed excess labor force寻租rent seeking迅速反弹quick reboundY养老基金pension fund一刀切universal application;non-discretionary implementation一级市场primary market

25、应收未收利息overdue interest银行网点banking outlets赢利能力profitability营业税business tax硬贷款（商业贷款）commercial loans用地审批to grant land use right有管理的浮动汇率managed floating exchange rate证券投资portfolio investment游资（热钱）hot money有市场的产品marketable products有效供给effective supply诱发新一轮经济扩张trigger a new round of economic expansion逾期贷

26、款overdue loans;past-due loans与国际惯例接轨to become compatible with internationally accepted与国际市场接轨to integrate with the world market预算外支出（收入）off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）预调pre-emptive adjustment 月环比on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basisZ再贷款central bank lending在国际金融机构储备头寸reserve position in international financial institutions在人行存款deposits at （with） the central bank在途资金fund in float增加农业投入to increase investment in agriculture增势减缓deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum增收节支措施revenue-enhancing and expe