中科院研究生英语A英语速读第一册期中考试翻译试题全文档格式.docx

1、Passage 2（共3句）1. Diffusion is the process by which molecules or ions scatter or spread from regions where they are in higher concentrations towards regions where they are in lower concentrations.扩散是分子或离子从高浓度区域分散或散布至低浓度区域的过程。2. Such motion is haphazard, but it accounts for the mixing of molecules tha

2、t commonly occurs when different kinds of substances are put together.这种运动是无规则的,但它解释了将不同种类的物质放在一起时，通常会发生分子的混合的原因。3. Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion. It occurs whenever water molecules diffuse from a region of higher concentration through a selectively permeable membrane, such as a cell membra

3、ne.渗透是一种特殊的扩散。当水分子从高浓度区域通过选择性渗透膜（如细胞膜）扩散时即为渗透。Passage3（共2句）1. One of the problems of watching weather forecasts on TV is that by the time they have reached your region, you have tuned out and missed the vital information you have been waiting for. But it is not a problem in the United States because

4、 they have a weather channel devoted entirely to weather. Set up in 1982, the Weather Channel was given just weeks to survive by its critics, but such is the interest in the vagaries of the climate that it has thrived.收看天气预报的一个问题就是当他们播到你那个区域时你已经换台而错过了你一直在等的重要信息。但是在美国不存在这样的问题，因为他们有一个专门的天气频道。天气频道建立于19

5、82年，他的评论家认为它只能存活几周，但是人们对变化莫测的天气如此感兴趣以至于它很盛行。2. Weather is big business in the United States. The country has 750 weather zones, including eight in the New York metropolitan area alone.在美国天气是一项大事，这个国家有750个天气区域，单纽约这样的大都市就包含8个区域。Passage 4（共2句）1. The Julian calendar devised by Julius Caesar and based on

6、 the phases of the moon, had trouble pinning down that date.儒略历凯撒大帝制定，并根据月相而制定，它很难确定复活节的日期。2.Aside from setting the first year of the Lord around Jesus fourth birthday, it does not had not account for a year 0.The concept of a whole number between minus-one and one had not yet made the journey from

7、the Arab world to Western Europe.除了设置耶稣的第四个生日为第一年，它不包括0年。一负一和一之间的整数的概念还没有从阿拉伯世界传到西方欧洲。Passage5（共7句）1. Do you think it is possible to defeat an opponent so fierce that a glance at her turns one to stone ? This was the fate of anyone who looked upon the Medusa , a dreaded monster whose hair was made o

8、f hissing serpents. 你认为有可能击败一个如此凶猛的对手，即看她一眼就会变成石头吗？这是任何一个看Medusa的人的命运，一个可怕的魔鬼，她的头发是嘶嘶叫的蛇所组成的.2. The brave Perseus undertook to fight the Medusa , but he was compelled to do battle in a most awkward manner .To help Perseus in his venture ,the goddess Minerva had lent him her bright shield ,and the go

9、d Mercury had given him winged shoes .勇敢的Perseus着手与Medusa斗争，但他被迫以一个最不方便的方式在战斗中战斗。为了帮助危险中的Perseus，女神Minerva把她的放光盾借给他，并且Mercury给他了一双有翅膀的鞋子。3. Cautiously he approached the awesome monster .Using the image of the Medusa in his shield as a guide , he succeeded in cutting off her head and fixing it to the

10、 center of Minervas shieldPerseus小心翼翼的靠近了令人恐惧的魔鬼。在他的盾牌上用Medusa的肖像作为一个向导，他成功的把她的头切下来了，并把它装在Minerva的盾牌的中心。4. Perseus then flew to the realm of King Atlas whose chief pride was his garden filled with golden fruit . Thirsty and near collapse , he pleaded with the King for water to quench his thirst and

11、for a place to rest .然后，Perseus飞到了Atlas王国的境内，它的首领以他花园中的金色水果为荣。Perseus口渴并接近虚脱，他恳求国王一些水来止渴和一个休息的地方。 5. But Atlas feared that he would be betrayed into losing his golden apples . He uttered just one word ,“Begone!”Perseus ,finding that he could not pacify Atlas , responded by beckoning him to look upon

12、 Medusas head .Atlas was changed immediately into stone但是，Atlas害怕他将会泄露出他的金色苹果。他只说出了一个字“滚蛋！”Perseus发觉他不能使Atlas平静下来，以引诱他看Medusa的头作为回应。Atlas立刻变成了石头。6. His head and hair became forests , his body increased in bulk and became cliffs , and the gods ruled that the heaven with all its stars should rest upon

13、 his shoulders . Can there be a worse calamity than that which befell Atlas ?他的头和头发变成了森林，他的身体增大成一块并且变成了悬岩，并且众神规定，天上所有的星星都应在他的肩膀上休息。还有一个更坏的灾难能比降临在Atlas上的还糟吗？7. Using the image of the Medusa in his shield as a guide, he succeeded in cutting off her head and fixing it to the center of Minervas shield.P

14、assage6（共4句）1. The key to achieving this seemingly unbelievable feat lies in knowing how to make the most of a very natural sleep phenomenon dreaming.达到这种看似不可思议的壮举之关键在于了解如何充分利用一个非常自然的睡眠现象做梦。2. Your dream can provide you with realistic options, spicy subplots, and believable complications for your st

15、ory.你的梦可以提供给你的故事逼真的选择、辛辣的陪衬情节、可信而又复杂情节。3. Let the images that filled your mind during the dream return.在梦慢慢回逝时让（梦中的）影像充满你的思维。4. To prepare for the dream, write a description in your notebook of the characters personality, physical traits, tastes in music and art-whatever unique characteristics you i

16、ntend to give her.做为梦的准备，你可以在笔记本上写一个关于她个性特点、身体特征、音乐和艺术品味以及任何你打算赋予她的独特个性的描述。Passage 7（共4句）1. After some months, the choice was made and work was about to begin when one of the companies which had not been successful complained to the Minister. 几个月后，当两家公司中的一家向部长提出的控诉失败时，选择和工作即将开始。2. They said that the

17、 official who had been responsible for advising him on the choice of a company to do the work had accepted bribes. 他们说，负责建议他选择由哪个公司完成工作的官员接受了贿赂。3. The Minister at once ordered an inquiry into the whole matter, and after a month has proof that the official had indeed taken bribes.部长立刻要求对整件事进行调查，一个月后，

18、证明官员确实收受了贿赂。4. I did not just take on from the company to which I recommended that you should give the work. I took a bribe from each company to favour it in my choice of the one to recommend.我不仅从我建议你给予工作的公司里接受贿赂。我接受每个公司的贿赂，以帮助我选择推荐哪个公司。Passage 8（共8句）1. The prototypes are frozen solid in huge refrig

19、erators, flooded in artificial rainstorms, driven through mud and water and up hills as steep as the steepest hill in San Francisco.原型车在巨型冰箱中冻得结结实实，在人工暴雨中冲刷，在泥水中穿行，并爬上像旧金山最陡的山那样陡峭的山 2. Attempts tolimitfemalemobilitybyhamperinglocomotionareancientandalmostuniversal.通过设置运动障碍来限制女性自由的做法很古老也很普遍.3. They a

20、re twisted screeching around sharp corners, jolted over cobblestones, and lifted off the ground and suddenly dropped.模型车在急转弯处转弯时发出刺耳的声音，在鹅卵石铺成的路上颠簸，被吊起后突然落下。4. A special machine opens and slams a prototypes doors 80,000 times, and other instruments test the brakes and the amount of gasoline and oil

21、the engine uses.用专用机器开关原型车门80000次，并用其他仪器测试刹车系统和发动机的耗油量。5. Since the same type cars will be sold to customers in Maine as well as Arizona, and Montana as well as Florida, the engineers want to be sure that they will stand up under all kinds of weather and road conditions.因为同种型号的车要被卖到缅因州，亚利桑那州，蒙大拿州和福罗

22、里达州，工程师要保证这些车可以在各种天气和路况条件下行驶。6. Among the most severe tests is a head-on collision with another car.在这些测试中最剧烈的测试是两辆车迎头相撞的测试7. This shows them whether the car is wearing as well as they had expected, or if changes are necessary.这项检查告诉工程师们车辆的磨损情况是否和预期相同，或者是否需要更换零部件。8. Through such tests, engineers des

23、igned a collapsing steering column and controlled crush front end and frame to protect drivers from serious injury in case of accident.通过这种测试，工程师们设计了折叠式转向柱及可控粉碎式前端和车架，用于保护驾驶员在车祸中免受重伤。Passage 9（共5句）1. The clich in legal circles is that “where theres a will there are relatives”法律界有这么一种说法（广为流传）“哪里有遗嘱，哪

24、里就有亲戚”。2. Countless millions of families have been torn apart and caused immeasurable pain and expense because the income producer neglected to write a will.正是因为家庭收入生产者忽视了立遗嘱这个问题，数不清的成千上万的家庭因此支离破碎,造成不可估量的痛苦和损失。3. There even have been cases in which families have split apart over a set of soup bowls

25、or a couple of clay pots-because a will failed to spell out how the crockery should be divided.甚至还有这样的例子，由于遗嘱中没有说明陶器如何分配，一些家庭就为一套汤碗或几个黏土罐子而发生分裂。4. They didnt know the groom well enough to be sure of him, and they had no use for his father, a widower. 他们并不十分了解新郎所以还不知道他是否可靠，而且不需要了解他的鳏夫父亲。5. Most peopl

26、e will take just about any advice on how to expand their wealth but these same people will fail utterly to explore the most economical ways of passing on their assets to their survivors. 大多数人会采纳如何扩大他们财富的建议，但是这些人完全不会寻找最经济的方法把他们的财产分给后人。Passage 10（共5句）1. Whats so frightening about this so-called silent

27、 killer is that it often does not produce symptoms for years,secretly damaging arteries and organs throughout the body until it erupts in the form of （stroke,heart attack,congestive heart failure or kidney disease）.这一所谓的潜在杀手的可怕之处在于它常年并不产生症状，而是悄悄地损坏全身的动脉和器官，直到以中风、心脏病、充血性心衰或肾脏疾病的形式爆发出来。2. If left untr

28、eated, even mild hypertension can reduce the life expectancy of a 35-year-old by several years.如果放弃治疗，即使是轻微的高血压，也会使一个35岁的人减寿几年。3. Evaluating the results of a 13-year survey undertaken by the National Center for Health Statistics, James H. Dwyer, associate professor of preventive medicine at the University of Southern California School of Medicine, found that people who consumed 1300 milligrams of calcium a day were 12 percent less likely to develop hypertension than those consuming only 300 mg a day.南加州大学医学院预防医学副教授James H. Dwyer评估了由国家卫生统计中心承担的一项长达13年的调查研究的结果，发现那