1、3(2019全国卷)How long it would take _(get) there。 It was in the middle of Pearl City。解析考查不定式。句中的 would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子,此处应填非谓语动词,故填to get。答案to get4(2018全国卷)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _(die) early by running。解析考查非谓语动词。短语 reduce ones risk of.。“降低某人的风险,此处介词of后用动名词作宾语。
2、故填dying。答案dying5(2018全国卷)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged。avoid后常接动名词作宾语,故填looking。答案looking6(2018天津卷改编)I didnt mean _(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help _(try) it.解析考查非谓语动词。从句意看,第一空所在部分用mean
3、to do sth. 表示“打算做某事”,第二空用couldnt help doing sth.表示“忍不住做某事”,因此第一空填to eat,第二个空填trying.答案to eat; trying7(2018浙江卷)I still remember _ (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time. 解析考查非谓语动词.remember doing sth。 表示“记得做过某事”,故填visiting
4、。答案visiting8(2017全国卷)Fast food is full of fat and salt; by _(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet。解析考查动词ing作介词宾语.在介词about,before,after,for,with,by等之后作宾语应该用动词ing形式,故填eating。答案eating9(2017全国卷)This included digging up the road, _(lay) the track and then bui
5、lding a strong roof over the top.解析句意:这包括挖掘道路,铺设轨道,然后在上面搭建一个结实的顶。分析句子结构可知,digging up the road,laying the track和building a strong roof over the top是三个动名词短语作动词included的并列宾语。此处考生容易错误判断为谓语动词而误填laid。答案laying考查角度3作补足语的非谓语动词10(2019天津卷)Most colleges now offer first。year students a course specially _(design)
6、 to help them succeed academically and personally。解析考查非谓语动词。 句意:现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程,专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功.a course和design之间是动宾关系,所以用过去分词.故填designed. 答案designed11(2018全国卷)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _(stay) and watch.allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”,为固定用法.答案to stay12(2018天津卷改编)I need a
7、new passport so I will have to have my photograph _(take)解析考查非谓语动词。从句意和句子结构看,本空在句中作宾补,动词take与my photograph之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用过去分词,因此填taken,构成have sth。 done结构。答案taken13(2017全国卷)They are required _(process) the food that we eat,to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions。解析分析句子结构可知,此处考查b
8、e required to do sth.的固定用法.答案to process14(2017天津卷)Back from his two。year medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother _(take) good care of at home.解析考查过去分词作补足语。在非洲医疗援助两年回来后,李医生很高兴看到他的母亲在家里被照看得很好。空格处与其逻辑主语his mother之间构成动宾关系,故用过去分词.答案taken考查角度4作定语的非谓语动词15(2019北京卷)Earth Day, _(mark
9、) on 22nd April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection。句意:地球日即每年的4月22日,是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知,设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语,且两者之间是被动关系,要用过去分词。故填marked.答案marked16(2019全国卷) On the last day of our weeklong stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a b
10、eautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals。解析考查非谓语动词.本句谓语动词为“were invited,所以空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的,所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题,and后meeting interesting locals为现在分词形式,故空格处填listening。答案listening17(2018全国卷)Chinas approach t
11、o protecting its environment while _(feed) its citizens“offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the banks Juergen Voegele.while feeding its citizens是时间状语从句while it is feeding its citizens的省略结构.又可理解为此处的feed(养活)与主语为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。答案feeding18(2018北京卷改编)Ordinary s
12、oap, _(use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively。 普通肥皂,如果恰当使用,能有效地消除细菌。根据句意以及句子结构可知,此处用动词的非谓语形式作条件状语,与主语之间是逻辑上的被动关系,所以应填used。答案used19(2018江苏卷改编)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _(exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts。这段时间大约提供了13 500个新的工作岗位,超过了市场
13、分析人士预计的12 000个。exceed与主语是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填exceeding作结果状语.答案exceeding考查角度5作状语的非谓语动词20(2019江苏卷) _(enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 此处是不定式作目的状语.句意:为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故填To enjoy。答案To enjoy21(2019北京卷)Soon I will graduate and become part of the
14、 real world, nervously _(face) challenges。解析考查非谓语动词.分析句式可知,此处是作句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语.故填facing。答案facing22(2018全国卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercise to _(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式作目的状语,故本空应
15、填动词strengthen,意为“增强,加强答案strengthen23(2018北京卷改编)During the Mid.Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _(share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.在中秋节期间,家族成员常常欢聚一堂,享受大餐、赏月并品尝月饼.根据句意以及句子结构可知,此处用不定式作目的状语.答案to share24(2017浙江卷)Sixteen years earlier,Pahlsson had removed the diamond
16、 ring _(cook) a meal。16年前,Pahlsson摘掉钻戒去做饭。根据句意判断此处应用不定式表目的。答案to cook考查角度6独立结构中的非谓语动词25(2017北京卷改编)So with no one _(know), I used up my money and bought my parents a one。story house。解析考查with复合结构.句意为:没有人知道,我用所有的钱给父母买了一套单层房.know与其逻辑主语no one是主动关系,故用现在分词作no one的补足语.答案knowingStep 典题感悟高考名题这样考知识储备抓重破难补短板一、非谓
17、语动词作主语和表语的“表现”形式1非谓语动词作主语时的用法区别一般情况下,动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为;不定式作主语表示一次性的或具体的动作。若不定式、动名词作主语,常用it作形式主语。另外,不定式作主语时通常指将要发生的动作,动名词作主语则表示已经完成的动作。(2019重庆学业质量调研抽测第一次)The entrance of teahouse is ordinary and it is not easy for tourists _(find)答案to find(2019惠州高三第二次调研考试)_(stay) awake into the night was a new idea
18、 that was attractive to curious minds.答案Staying2非谓语动词作表语动名词作表语时,说明主语的性质或特征。不定式作表语时,说明主语尚未发生的动作,或表示将来的动作。(2019洛阳市、许昌市高三年级第一次质量检测)Baileys husband had offered to replace the ring after it went _(miss)答案missing(2019绵阳市高中第一次诊断性考试)Its goal is _(make) sure all children have a chance for education.答案to make
19、二、充当宾语的2种非谓语动词形式1不定式作宾语下列动词只能用不定式作宾语口诀决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮.decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;refuse,manage,care,pretend;offer,promise,choose,plan;agree,ask/beg,help此外,afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。(2019南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题)In todays world of mobile payment, all we rea
20、lly need _(survive) is a smartphone。答案to survive2动名词作宾语(1)下列动词常接动名词作宾语考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练,否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险,不禁介意准逃亡。consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse/pardon;admit,delay/put off,fancy(想象,设想);avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;forbid,avoid,imagine,risk;cant he
21、lp(禁不住),mind,allow/permit,escape(2019陕西省部分第一学期摸底检测)There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realize life keeps _(move)答案moving(2)下列短语常接动名词作宾语be used/accustomed to,lead to,devote to,go back to,stick to,object to,get down to,pay attention to,cant stand (无法忍受),give up,feel like,
22、insist on,thank you for,apologize for,be busy(in),have difficulty/trouble(in),have a good/wonderful/hard time(in),spend time(in)。(2019重庆学业质量调研抽测第一次)By _(chat) with neighbors or friends, a comfortable atmosphere is often created, making it a real reflection of the folk custom here in Chongqing.答案chat
23、ting(3)另外,有些动词和动词短语后面接不定式与接动名词有着显著区别(2019惠州市高三第二次调研考试)But if you are a night owl, still remember _(get) your seven to nine hours of sleep。答案to get三、可作宾语补足语的3种非谓语动词1不定式作宾语补足语常用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:advise,allow,appoint,believe,cause,challenge,command,compel,consider,declare,drive,enable,encourage,forbid,forc
24、e,hire,instruct,invite,judge,know,like,order,permit等。(2019武昌高三年级调研考试)Advances in printing techniques allowed more detailed images _(produce) in newspapers and magazines.答案to be produced2现在分词作宾语补足语常用现在分词作宾语补足语的词语有:feel,find,hear,notice,observe,see,watch,listen to,look at,get,have,keep,leave,send,set等
25、。(2019昆明市高三摸底调研测试)By being awake at night, animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time _(look) for food.答案looking3过去分词作宾语补足语常用过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有:have,make,get,find,see,notice,watch,hear,feel,want,like等.(2019高考考试大纲调研卷三)Just inside the entrance of a building today I saw a wom
26、an _(seat) in a wheelchair in front of me.答案seated四、非谓语动词作定语的解题思路表示被动、完成用过去分词(done);表示主动、进行用现在分词(doing);表示被动、进行用being done;表示被动的动作尚未进行用to be done。(2019郑州高中第三次质量预测)While _(study) at Cambridge University, he was diagnosed with motor neuron(运动神经元) disease at the age of 21。答案studying(2019石家庄高中毕业班模拟考试二)T
27、he best。known part of the Great Wall of China, Badaling, _(locate) 43 miles northwest of Beijing, attracts thousands of national and foreign tourists every day. 答案located五、非谓语动词作状语的考查方向1分词作状语分词作状语时,其逻辑主语是句子的主语,一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等状语。(1)现在分词作状语时,分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的,它们是逻辑上的主谓关系。现在分词的完成时即having done表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前.(2019济南5月高考针对性练习)_(run) a centries。old folk art family workshop named Tongshunde, Yang has carved all kinds of images, including flowers, birds, mountains and rivers.答案Running(2)
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