首字母填空讲解Word格式.docx

1、短文题材丰富，内容通俗易懂，与现代生活紧密相关，如：英国人分期付款购房；度假回来的路上买家具的小故事；食物对不同年龄段的人的不同影响；被驯化的动物可以为人们做事情等，可读性、趣味性强，符合初中生的认知特点。 首字母填空的解题方法和技巧：短文填空题失分率较高，其原因也是较多的。有些同学或急于求成，或过于自信，或为节省时间，在未通读完全文时便匆匆答题。殊不知这样做会适得其反，达不到良好的效果。因此，了解和掌握正确的解题方法和技巧是十分必要的。 通读全文，了解大意 短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有

2、助于下一步的分析与判断。 再读全文，理清脉络 通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中，同学们可以把有把握的词先填好，逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。 仔细推敲，确保准确 词义判断正确了不等于答题正确，同学们还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。有的学生经过思考确定了一个意思正确的词作为答案，但忽略了从语法角度再进行验证，因而出现了一些与时态、人称等有关的词形变化的错误。如果填的词是名词，首先要考虑到单、复数

3、的问题；如果是动词，要考虑应使用什么时态和语态。 注意：填入的词既能使句意通顺，又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。如bought易误答成buy；lights易误答成light；reaches易误答成reach; heavier易误答成heavy等。 因此，在初步确定答案后，一定还要反复考虑，仔细推敲，确保用词准确 复读全文，全面检查 答题完毕后复读全文，进行核查是必不可少的。做完题后，一定要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。专项题型解析：例题解析： Dogs are good pets. T

4、hey are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s 3 arrives. When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s 4 buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if

5、 y 5 is larger. Many people dont know how much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat a 6 anything! They like meat, rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops. Dont let your dogs eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always l 8 water for your dog. It can get thirsty very qu

6、ickly, especially in s 9 . Remember that dogs need e 10 . You should take it for a walk every day. Dont keep your dog inside all day.答案及简析 1. friendly. 人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养，主要是因为它们比较通人性，且对人很友好，能给人们带来欢乐。根据“be very f to people”来分析，此空应填一个形容词，表明狗对人的态度。friend是名词，friendly是形容词，故friendly是正确答案。 2. children. 宠物狗自然是在

7、家中养， 它们除了听主人的话以外，与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。由于是指大多数家庭的情况，并受their一词的提示，此处应填“孩子”的复数形式，即children。 3. stranger. 狗的天性是护家。文中的watch-dogs意为“看家狗”，专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。“生人”在英文中即为stranger。 4. size. 这个空略微有点难。一是size一词平时用得较少，二是一般家庭都养小型犬，供狗活动的空间一般不成问题，因此，对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。从后面的句子来看，此处是在谈狗的体积的问题“如果你的家小，就买一只小狗；如果你的家大，就买一只大狗。” 5. yours. 这是

8、一个名词性物主代词，代替上半句的your home。此句完整的说法应是buy a small dog if your home is small and buy a bigger one if your home is larger. 为避免词的重复使用，在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。本文最突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填词的后面都有一句或两句话的内容是对所填词的内容进行补充说明的。因此，在做这种类型的题时，一定要注意分析上下文的内容，进行推理和归纳，正确的理解句意，最后决定出最佳的词及其正确形式。巩固练习：There was an old man who loved mon

9、ey very much. He n gave anything to anybody. After some years he became r One day he was walking near the river with his friends when he fell into the river. His friends ran to help him. One of them held out his hand and cried, “Give me your hand, and Ill p you out！”The rich m head went down the wat

10、er a then came up again, but he did not g his hand to his friend. Again another of his friends tried, but again the s thing happened. Then a friend, Nasreddin, said, “Take my hand and Ill pull you out!” The rich man took his hand and Nasreddin pulled him out of the water. “You dont know your friend

11、very w 9 .” Nasreddin said to the others. “When you say Give！ to him, he d nothing, but when you say Take！ he always takes.” 答案与简析： 守财奴闹出了笑话。文中谈了一次救人的过程，解题时要根据当时的情况特别注意“give”和“take”的妙用。 1. never. 因为love money,所以他决不会“给予”。never意为“从不”。 2. rich. rich是形容词，作表语。由于从不施舍，几年后他就富有了。 3. pull. pull.out意为“把拉出来”。 4

12、. mans. head 为名词，要选用man的所有格形式。 5. and. and then.意为“后来又”。and起并列作用。 6. give. give.to.意为“把给”。 7. same. 句意为：又发生了同样的情况。 8. another. another表示不定指的“又一个，另一个”。 9. well. well为副词，know well意思是“很了解”。 10. does. 这句话是引述原话，故用一般现在时。do nothing表示“什么事都不干”。例题解析ADo you know the word “brunch”? In the West, many people like

13、 to have brunchlate （1）b_ or early lunch. People often have brunch （2） b_ 10 a. m. and 2 p.m. on Sunday because they prefer to get up （3） l_ after a weeks hard work or want to enjoy brunch with their parents, or friends. That is a relaxing and interesting （4）w_ of eating for most families.Today, bru

14、nch has become （5） p_ in big hotels. One can （6） e_ ask for or cook it himself. To make it （7） l_ like both breakfast and lunch, people choose to have lots of dishes. You may often see the following （8） f_ on the table, meat, eggs, fruit, （9） v_, orange juice, tea and bacon. Do you have brunch at （1

15、0） w_? If not, why not try? 答案与解析3：这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了近年来在西方流行的brunch（早午餐）。brunch 一词是由breakfast 与lunch 中的字母br和unch 合在一起构成的。 1. breakfast, 由下句“early lunch” 和前面的对应词late 可知 brunch 是比breakfast 要晚，而比lunch 要早。2. between, 这里的betweenand 是固定搭配。3. late, 根据句中的状语“on Sunday” 和“after a weeks hard work”可知在周末由于人们都在家休息，所以

16、起床会较完。4. way, 对大部分家庭来说，这种brunch只是一种新的放松有趣的进餐方式。5. popular, 目前在西方，brunch 已经成为一种时尚，越来越受到人们的欢迎。6. either, 这是一个等立连词，eitheror，意思是”或者或者”。7. look, 由于brunch介于breakfast 和lunch 之间，所以人们在做起brunch 来，既要像breakfast，又要像lunch。look like 的意思就是”看起来好像”。8. food, 根据下面所列举的内容可知答案。9. vegetables, 英语中，以字母v 开头的food 就是vegetables

17、了。10.weekend, 根据文章的介绍，brunch 是在周末人们所享用的进餐方式。巩固练习Most people have f_ a kite or have seen one rise and dip in the strong spring wind. Not so many people know that kites were first made in China t_ of years ago. The a_ Chinese were making flying kites even before they were writing. A long time ago, the

18、 Chinese made kites to use in the wars. They would fly these war kites in the d_. The kites were fixed so that they made strong sounds. Men who were at war with them would hear these sounds and run away. They thought those strong sounds were m_ by god in the sky. The ancient Chinese also flew kites

19、to b_ good luck and to make their crops grow rich and tall. Sometimes they tied long strings and hooks to the kites. Then they fly the kites o_ water letting the hooks hang down to catch fish. The Chinese use sticks, strings and paper for their kites. Some of the kites look like animals or trees. O_

20、 look like birds or houses.首字母填空训练：（1）At different times in a mans life his food has different effects （影响） on his body. Among children f 1 is quickly changed to the power（力量） to run and play games. Most of a young mans food is spent on growing t 2 ; We grow upwards only d 3 the first twenty years o

21、f our l 4 , not later. Working men get their strong bodies from their food; and if they work h 5 , they do not get fat. Office workers eat well and s 6 down a lot, and may begin to grow fat when s 7 quite young. Many older people t 8 to work much and walk often. P 9 the most difficult time is when a

22、 man r 10 sixty years of age. His body and mind b 11 restful, without much work or interest. That is when food changes quickly to f 12 .（1）1.food 2. tall 3. during 4. lives 5. hard 6. sit 7. still 8. try 9. Perhaps 10. reaches 11. become 12. fat （2）Bats（蝙蝠） are the only flying animals in the world.

23、It is k 1 to all that they cannot see very well. As b 2 as a bat is often heard. Yet, they have no t 3 flying on the darkest nights and f 4 their way round very well. Why can bats fly and see at night? They fly b 5 radar（雷达）. The bats radar w 6 the same way as the radar on ships and planes. As a bat

24、 flies t 7 the air, it makes a sound. If the sounds hit t 8 , they will come back and the bats ears will r 9 the message. In this way, the bat is a 10 to know where the things are. Bats go out for f 11 at night. In the daytime, they hang in some d 12 places. 1.known 2. blind 3.trouble 4. finding 5.b

25、y 6.works 7. through 8.things 9. reaches 10. able 11. food 12. dark（3）Tennis is in its second life. Its first game b 1 in France. The name of the game comes from the French word tennez. The English men c 2 the game tennis when they watched the Frenchmen play 800 years ago. The Englishmen liked the F

26、rench game. Tennis courts were built in every park, in every city,just l 3 today. The two countries played a 4 each other. At first they played for honor. Then they w 5 money. Later people began cheating（欺骗）to get money. Threehundred years ago the game was forbidden（禁止）to stop the cheating. The game

27、 a 6 disappeared. Americans found the old courts when they went to Europe 100 years ago. They learned w 7 they could do about the game. They liked the game as the Englishmen had b 8 . After returning home, the Americans built tennis courts. Tennis began to become p 9 in all the United States. Now it

28、 is one of the most e 10 games in the world again.1. began 2. called 3. like 4. against 5. won 6. almost 7. what 8. before 9. popular 10. exciting（4）There are four people in my family. Every day my parents are very busy t 1 to make money in order to pay the high tuition（学费）for my brother and me. The

29、y h 2 say I love you or send f 3 to each other. Besides，my father has a bad temper（脾气）. It is easy for him to lose his temper w 4 hes very tired from the hard work. I didnt know whether there was love between them u 5 one spring. At that time，my father suddenly got badly sick .My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. When they returned from the hosp