1、初三英语总复习学案 名词【考点】 1、名词的单复数;2、名词所有格;3、名词的修饰语;4、易用错的名词【重点知识讲解】一、名词的数:可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指那些能够用数来计量的名词,如:dog, bus, boy ,piece等;反之则为不可数名词,如;water, milk, coffee, information等。 2、可数名词的复数形式: 1)规则变化(请同学们自己复习并巩固) 2)应注意的问题: a、以元音字母加 y结尾的,直接加-s;如:day, boy, play 等; b、以o结尾的,加-es, 如:hero, patato, tomato, 但zoo, radi
2、o, photo等则要在词尾加-s。. c、不规则变化(希望同学们能从中找出规律来,你试试,你肯定能!) man-men woman-women child-children foot-feet goose-geese tooth-teeth fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer Chinese-Chinese mouse-mice penny-pence d、有些名词只有复数形式。如;clothes, trousers, glasses, thanks, pants 等 e、有些复合名词变成复数时,只将复合名词的主体名词变为复数,如: boy student-boy
3、 students banana tree -banana trees bus driver -bus drivers 等。但,由man 和woman构成的合成名词,变复数时要将名词及 man 或woman 都变成复数。如: man teacher-men teacher woman doctor -women doctor f、名词+man (woman)构成的复合名词其复数形式通常与简单名词一样,即把man(woman)改成men(women), 如:Englishman-Englishmen policewoman-policewomen 但:German-Germans g、有些名词形
4、似复数,实际作单数用。如:maths, physics, politics等。 h、有些名词形式上是单数形式,但意义上是复数。如:people, police等。 i、关于国人变复数有记忆口诀:中日不变英法变,其余 s 加后面。二、名词的所有格: (一)名词所有格是名词的一种形式,它是通过名词词尾的变化形式来表示名词的所有关系,名词的所有格分为有生命名词的所有格和无生命名词的所有格。有生命的名词所有格的规则变化如下:(1)单词名词的加s, 如Anns teacher, an hours work, the girls excuse(2)以s/es结尾的复数名词所有格只加,如the studen
5、ts books (3)不以s/es结尾的复数名词所有格加s, 如the womens room, Childrens Day(4)表示两人共有时,只在后一个名词后加s,如:Lucy and Lilys mother, (5)当两人不共有某人或某物时,两个名词都要使用所有格形式,后边所修饰的名词用复数形式,如 Toms and Lilys mothers (6)独立所有格,即以“s”所有格修饰的名词可以省略。所有格所修饰的名词在上下文中出现过,或表示某人的家或住宅,或表示教堂、学校等公共场所或表示公司、店铺等。如:at the doctors at the grocers (7)在表示时间、距
6、离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用s。如:a twenty minutes walk ten miles journey todays paper Chinas population (二) of 所有格 如果是无生命的,在表示所有关系时,就要用“名词+of +名词”这样的所有格来表示。如:the photo of my family the name of your school(三)双重所有格: 当名词前有两层所有格时,多使用双重所有格,结构是:把一个名词所有格放到of 短语里,这种结构用来突出局部,表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”的意思。 eg. This is a pi
7、cture of my friends 这是我朋友的一张照片(指很多照片中一张) I know some friends of my brothers .我认识我哥哥的一些朋友(朋友中的一部分) 注:a photo of me 我的一张照片(我的像) a photo of mine 我的一张照片(照片属于我,但不是我的像)三、名词的修饰语 1、可数名词的修饰语有:数词、不定冠词、(a) few、several、a great number of 、 many、dozens of 、hundreds of 等。 2、不可数名词的修饰语:much,(a) little,a bit of 、a bo
8、ttle of 、a kilo of 等。 3、可数名词与不可数名词的共同修饰语:some、any、a lot of 、lots of、plenty of 等。四、易用错的名词:exercise,work , job, fun, news, advice, informantion, experience, orange, life, voice, sound, noise等。【针对性练习】 ? ) 1.Look,Those three _are talking with the three _. A.Englishmen,Germen B.Englishmans ,Germans C.Eng
9、lishmen, Germans D.Englishmans ,Germen ? ) 2.Whats in the _?There are some _and _in them. A.photos,potatos,radios B.photos, potatoes, radios C.photoes, potatos, radios D.photos, potatoes, radioes? ) 3.There are _on the table. Would you like to drink some? A.two milk B.two bottles of milk C.two bottl
10、e of milk D.two bottles of milks? ) 4.There are about twenty _in the room.They are having a party there. A.people B.sheep C.worker D.farmer? ) 5._mothers couldnt go to the meeting.Because theyve gone to?S. A.Li Lei and Lucys B.Li Leis and Lucys C.Li Lei and Lucy D.Li Leis and Lucy? ) 6. It is over _
11、from Shi Jiazhuang to Beijing. A.three hours drive B.three hours drive C.three hours drives D.three hours drive? ) 7.Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of _,you may disturb others. A.voice B.noise C.sound D.singing? ) 8.Ive read _sports news about the F1 race today. A. two B.pieces C.two pieces D.
12、two pieces of ? ) 9.Mrs Jenny gave us _on how to learn English well . A.some advices B.many advices C.some advice D.an advice? ) 10.It will be National Day in a few _. A.months time B.months time C.months time D.month time? ) 11. Time is up.Now please hand in your test _,boys and girls. A.paper B.pa
13、pers C.piece of paper D.pieces of paper? ) 12.This is _that all of us believe its very important. A.such useful information B.so useful an information C.so useful information D.such a useful information? ) 13. Can I help you? Id like _for my twin daughters. A.two pair of shoes B.two pairs of shoe C.
14、two pair of shoe D.two pairs of shoes? ) 14.Jennys shoes were worn out.She wanted to buy a new _. A.shoe B.shoes C.one D.pair? ) 15.-Whose dictionaries are these? - They are the _. A. twins B. twin C. twins D. twins? ) 16.Miss Smith is a friend of _. A.Marys mothers B.Marys mother C.mothers of Mary D.Mary mothers? ) 17.Ten years has passed. I found my par
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1