1、形容词和副词复习学案1 月 日 第 周 星期 审核 【知识要点】 (一)、 形容词的用法: 形容词是指用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。一般放在它所修饰的名词前作定语,也可独立作表语或宾语补足语等。 i. 作定语: This is an interesting story. Kitty is a clever cat. ii. 作表语:Yao Ming is very tall. Our classroom is big and bright. iii. 作宾语补足语:Dont make your hands dirty. Were trying to make ou
2、r school beautiful. 注意: a. 有些形容词只能作表语。如:alone, afraid, asleep等。 如: That old man feels alone because his children are out. Im afraid he cant come. b. 形容词与不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等连用时,要放在这些词后面。如: There is something wrong with my DVD machine. Its nothing serious. c. 某些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示
3、一类人或事物,其作用相当于一个名词。 如: the young(年轻人),the poor(穷人), the rich(富人) d. 如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列顺序一般如下:限定词(a/the, this/some/her)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。 如:a big old German computer (二)、形容词常用句型1.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),po
4、lite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等。例如,Its very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)Its foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的),necessa
5、ry(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的)等。例如,Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。 (三)、副词的用法:1、副词的分类:副词按词汇意义可分为:方式副词:well,fast,slowl
6、y,carefully,quickly程度副词:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite地点副词:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home,时间副词:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still频度副词:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never否定副词:no,not,neither,nor,疑问副词:where,how,why其他:also,too,only2、副词的基本用法:副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间
7、、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等,在句中主要用作状语。We should listen to our teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。He is very happy today.他今天非常高兴。3. 副词的位置1). 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如: Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) 通常我晚上做家庭作业。 I often get up at six. (句中) 我常在6点起床。 Please speak slowly. (句末) 请慢慢说。2). 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词
8、或副词的前面如: These flowers are quite beautiful. He works very hard. 但也有例外,如:She is old enough to go to school. (在形容词后)3). 按一般规则, 既有地点状语又有时间状语时,地点状语应放在时间状语之前。如: We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon. 我们昨天下午在教室开了一个会。 (四)、形容词与副词的相互转变: a. 在形容词词尾直接加-ly,构成副词。如: usual-usually, bad-badly等。 注:不是所
9、有以-ly结尾的单词都是副词,某些名词后加-ly可以转化为形容词。 如:sisterly, brotherly, friendly, comradely, lovely等。 b. 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,变y为i,再加-ly,如:heavy-heavily, happy-happily等,并且要注意这些单词的变化:polite-politely, true-truly, terrible-terribly等。 【基础练习】(一)用所给词的正确形式填空1. The Greens are (happy) to live in this_(noise) street. They have deci
10、ded to move to another place.2. The panda has been _(die) for about two months. 3. I like her dress. It looks very _(beauty).4. Dont feel _(worry) about your child. The whole class would be _(friend) to the new classmate.5. The _(finally) exams usually take place at the end of June.6. Its _(possible
11、) for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.7. Its a _(please) trip for all of us.8. The children in China are living a _(color) life.9. It was an _(amaze) match. It amazed us.10.He felt very _(sleep) and fell _(sleep) soon when he lay in bed. 11.We all had a very _(enjoy) time at the party. (二)选择最佳答
12、案( )1. These oranges taste_.A. goodB. wellC. to be goodD. to be well( )2. I cant pay _ as he asked for. A. a as high price B.as a high price C.as high price D.as high a price( )3. We are going to see a film this evening . Why not go with us ? I have to do many things this evening . Im _ , you see .
13、A. free B. glad C. sorry D. Bus( )4. Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.OK. Lets give him _to eat. A. something different B. different anything C. anything different D. different something ( )5.The _person is talking with the doctor. A. ill B. sick C. illness D. sickness ( ) 6. The day is br
14、ight and _ . Lets go for a walk . A. sunny B. dark C. cloudy D. windy ( ) 7. Look ! _ beautiful that lake is !A. What B. How C. How a D. What a( ) 8. -I wont go to the Great Wall tomorrow. - I wont, _. A. neither B. either C. too D. also ( ) 9. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, _. A. too B. either C. neither D. also ( ) 10.That maths proble
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