1、用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域的答案一律无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4、选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B铅笔涂黑。答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选修题答题区域的答案一律无效。5、保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，不得使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带等。6、考试结束后，请将本试题卷、答题卡、草稿纸一并依序排列上交。 第I卷（三部分，共70分）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节 20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第
2、一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。ABrian Greene, a professor of physics and mathematics at Columbia University, has created an online science education platform. He tries to “build a bridge” with things you know about, and then “bring you across that bridge to the
3、 strange place of modern physics”Recently I had a chance to ask Greene about wormholes （a hole which some scientists think might exist, connecting parts of space and time that are not usually connected）, time travel and other mysteries of the universe. I asked him a milliondollar question: What if I
4、 went through a wormhole and prevented my parents from meeting? “Most of us believe that the universe makes sense，” Greene said. Although there are several interesting theories about time travel, he added, the laws of physics would probably prevent something so illogical from taking place. The good
5、news is that the time paradox （悖论） is open for future physicists to solve.When asked how physics could become more exciting for kids, Greene said that books by Stephen Weinberg, Leonard Susskind, and other physicists, “make it a great time for people who want to learn about big ideas but arent yet r
6、eady, perhaps, to learn math.”When I pointed out that some students still might find physics boring, Greene said that the key is to teach them about things that are strange. “The basic stuff is important，” Greene said. “But I think its really important to also describe the more modern ideas, things
7、like black holes and the Big Bang. If kids have those ideas in mind, then at least some of them will be excited to learn all the details.”Greene has followed Albert Einsteins lead in trying to solve the mysteries of the universe. Now he wants kids to do the same. As Greene said, physics is “not just
8、 a matter of solving problems in an exam”. Its about experimenting, showing an interest in strange phenomena （现象） and having fun!21A milliondollar question is probably very _.Adirect BlongCpersonal Ddifficult22The books by Weinberg and Susskind _.Aare popular science booksBare mainly about mathCare
9、boring to readDare only popular among kids23According to Paragraph 4, which of the following does Greene agree with?AModern physics is a boring subject.BIt is not necessary to learn all about physics.CInterest plays an important role in studying.DIt is easy to describe black holes and the Big Bang.2
10、4In the last paragraph, Greene hopes that _.Akids can find more strange things in lifeBkids can do well in physics examsCkids can have fun with experimentsDkids can love science and physicsBPeter Huszcz once taught in an agricultural college. In the 1990s, he moved to Canada. Peter started out washi
11、ng dishes in a restaurant in downtown Ottawa. When the manager asked him to help out rolling meatballs in the kitchen, he soon learned how to do the job very well. But it was boring and Peter suggested that the manager should buy a meatballmaking machine. When the manager told him there was no such
12、thing as a meatball maker, Peter was quick to notice that something was missing in the market. Putting his engineering knowledge to good use, he quickly came up with a simple method the Magic Meatball Maker.He was sure there was a market for his machine, but it took him ten years of hard work to fin
13、d it. He had to take risks, but he believed in his idea, and he managed to persuade other people to believe in him too. A local manufacturer （制造商） offered to produce the first 1,000 units in return for a share in the profits （收益）, local shops offered to keep his meatball makers and a friends daughte
14、r helped him out with his first sales.But his lucky break came when he managed to persuade a TV shopping channel （频道） to help sell the Magic Meatball Maker. The channel broadcast a program about how the invention worked in the studio kitchen. Within minutes, they had sold more than 4,000 units.This
15、was just the start. Peter had been right. He had said his meatball maker would bring him great wealth, and it has: more than two million dollars so far and its till selling to thousands of American housewives all across the USA.25Working in the restaurant, Peter _.Awas chosen to be the managerBbroke
16、 a meatballmaking machineCfound a chance to make moneyDwas poor at making meatballs by hand26Which of the following helped Peters business take off?AA local shop.BA friends daughter.CA TV shopping channel.DA local manufacturer.27Whats the right order to describe Peters life?ADish washerteacherinvent
17、orbusinessmanB.Teacherdish washerinventorbusinessman.CBusinessmandish washerinventorteacher.DInventorbusinessmandish washerteacher.28What can we learn from the story?AWhere there is a will, there is a way.BA friend in need is a friend indeed.CBetter late than never.DIn time of danger, ones mind work
18、s fast.COil and gas have made Qatar （卡塔尔） the richest country in the world rich enough to be ready to spend D|S200 billion for the 2022 World Cup.But has limitless wealth brought the country happiness?“We have become urban，”says Dr Kaltham Al Ghanim, a professor at Qatar University. “Our social and
19、economic life has changed families have become separated; consumption culture has taken over.”From desperate poverty less than a century ago, this, after all, has become the richest nation in the world. Whats less well understood is the influence of such rapid change on Qatari society itself. You ca
20、n feel the pressure in Doha, the capital city of Qatar. The city is a building site, with whole districts either under construction or being destroyed for redevelopment. The local media report that 40% of Qatari marriages now end in divorce. More than twothirds of Qataris, adults and children, are o
21、verweight.Qataris benefit from free education, free healthcare, job guarantees, even free water and electricity, but abundance has created its own problems. “Its confusing for graduates to be faced with 20 job offers，” one academic at an American university campus in Qatar says. “People feel huge pr
22、essure to make the right decision.”In a society where Qataris are outnumbered roughly seventoone by foreigners, longterm residents （居民） speak of a growing frustration among graduates that the most satisfying jobs go to foreigners.The sense is deepening that, in the rush for development, something im
23、portant has been lost. Qatari family life is atomising. With children almost universally being raised by nannies （保姆） from the Philippines, Nepal or Indonesia, differences in culture and opinions are widening between the generations.The 2022 football World Cup will be held in Qatar. Mariam Dahrouj,
24、a journalism graduate, speaks of a sense of threat. “People in Qatar are afraid，” she says. “Suddenly all the world wants to see us. We are a closed community, and they want to come and bring their differences. How can we express our values？”29What can we learn about Qatar?AIts capital is neat and m
25、odern.BGreat wealth brings Qataris great happiness.CMost Qataris are rich and healthy.DIts experiencing great changes.30Whats young graduates problem in Qatar?AThey have difficulty in making a choice.BThey can hardly find an interesting job.CThey have to work with foreigners.DThey have become lazy b
26、ecause of abundance.31The underlined word “atomising” in Paragraph 6 probably means _.Alosing meaning Bbecoming dividedCbeing improved Dgaining support32Facing the outside world, Qataris _.Aignore the differences Bexpress no interestCfeel frightened Dwant to adjust their valuesDSir John Gurdon, a Br
27、itish scientist, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012, said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years, and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning. Parents who lose
28、children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues, the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful. Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts
29、when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown, the first “testtube baby”. He said, “When my first frog experiments were done, an American reporter asked how long it would be before these things could be done in mammals or humans. I said, Well, it could be any
30、time between 10 years and 100 years how about 50 years？ It turned out that it wasnt far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned. Maybe the same answer is appropriate.” Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin, and doctors would therefore simply be “copy
31、ing what nature has already produced”The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children, who are no longer fertile （能生育的）, to create another by using the mothers eggs and skin cells from the first child, thinking the technique was safe and effective, is 60 percent in favor. The reasons for “no” are usually that the new children would feel they are some sort of replacements for so
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