中考语法专题学案：No.9-简单句、并列句和复合句(无答案).doc

1、初中英语中考一轮语法复习-简单句、并列句和复合句 万老师【简单句的五种基本句型】1.定义：如果句子只有一个主语或者并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语动词，这样的句子称为简单句。2.基本结构共有5种，分别是：（1）. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) S + V The children are playing happily.（2）. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 S+V+OThe Greens enjoy living in China.（3）. 主语+谓语+表语 S+V+P常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到),

2、 smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。如：（4）. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 S+V+IO+DO这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但要加介词for或to。如： My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.（5）. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 S+V+O+OC We must ke

3、ep our school clean.【感叹句】What +adj.+n.+主语+谓语！How+adj./adv.+ 主语+谓语！（2015 苏州）1.Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. _great courage he showedA. What a B. What C. How a D. How（2015 连云港）2.- What_ programme is so attractive? - The guard of honor of the PLA are taking part in the parade on

4、 Red Square. -_ exciting eventA. How a B. What an C. How an D. what a【特殊疑问句】（2014 南京）1.-_ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Army? - To learn about different styles of school uniforms.A. What B. Where C.Why D. Which祈使句（2015 盐城）Daniel, _play with the mobile phone while you are walking in

5、 the street. A. dont B. doesnt C. wont D. cant并列句复习学案并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间不是从属关系，而是平行并列的关系。两个简单句常用并列连词连在一起。结构是：“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。常用的并列连词有如下四种：类型引导连词例句联合并列句and（和；并且）I tried my best, and I caught up with him at last.我竭尽全力，最后终于赶上了他。转折并列句but（但是）It is raining hard, but I still go to scho

6、ol.雨下得很大，但是我还是去上学了。选择并列句or（或者，否则）Be careful, or you will hurt yourself.小心点，否则你会伤到自己的。因果并列句so（因此，所以）He was ill, so he went to see a doctor.他病了，所以他去看医生。注意：and常用于肯定句中，表肯定列举；or常表示选择和否定的列举，常用于选择疑问句或否定句中。1. Read this article, _ you will understand that not everything can be bought with money.(2014 苏州）A.or

7、 B. and C. but D. so2. Spend more time talking with your parents, _they may not well understand you. (2014 安徽）A. or B. so C. and D. but 连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子的连词叫做并列连词。根据其意义，并列连词又分为表示并列、转折、选择和因果等四种关系的连词。关系连词例句并列关系and / both . and ./ not only . but also ./ neither . nor .My father is a teacher and my mothe

8、r is a nurse.Neither he nor I like to see this film.Not only I but also he will stay here tomorrow.转折关系but / however / whileI like English, but I am not good at it.I am short, while my brother is very tall.选择关系or / either . or .You can read this book or that one.Either she or you are going there wit

9、h me.因果关系so / forIt was late, so I went home at once.It is morning now, for the birds begin to sing.中考语法复习专题复合句复合句：包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句。从句须由一个关联词引导。一、宾语从句1. 定义：在句子做宾语的从句叫宾语从句。2.引导词的选择引导词引导词的作用that引导陈述句性的宾语从句，在口语中常被省略。1)在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。2) 接

10、在某些形容词或过去分词后，如sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied。if或whether引导表示“是否”的宾从句。一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。wh-word （what, who, which，where, when，how等)引导的特殊疑问句宾语从句。它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。特别提醒：if和whether的区别：whether 与or not 的连用。 E.g.I cant say whether they can come or not on time.

11、if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。E.g. The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.3.宾语从句的时态：如果主句是一般现在时,从句时态根据实际情况，用相应时态；如果主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去的某一时态,但遇到客观真理,仍然用一般现在时。4.宾语从句的语序：要用陈述语序（即 主语+谓语）。当what, which, who 在从句中作主语时语序不变。 whats wrong? Whats the matter? What the trouble? What happened? 练一练： (1)-I saw David in the

12、 teachers office this morning. Do you know _he was there? - He went there to hand in his homework. (2015 南京)A. how B. whether C. when D. why(2) Excuse me, could you tell me _? (2015苏州) - In five minutes.A. how soon will the film begin B. how soon the film will beginC. how long the film has been on D

13、. how long has the film been on(3) In the UK, a lady usually doesnt like to be asked_. A. whether has she got married B. how old is she C. where she comes from D. how much she weighs5.宾语从句的否定形式在主从复合句中，当主句的的主语为第一人称（I，we）谓语动词是 think , expect , believe , guess , imagine , suppose 等表示“认为，猜想”的词时，一般要把宾语从句

14、中的否定式转移到主句中。我想她不会和你一起来。 I _ think she_ come with you.6.特殊疑问句的宾语从句与特殊疑问词+to do的转换She didnt decide which one she would choose. =She didnt decide which one_ _.二、状语从句定义：用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。一般由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开；位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号。时间状语从句：as /when / while当时; after在之后; before在之前; since自从;till / until直到; as soon as 一就（1）当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时，从句常用一