1、中考英语二轮复习资料中考专项复习动词时态及语态语法学习表时态意义标志词语构成公式被动语态一般现在时经常性习惯性的动作,存在的状态,或客观真理often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day主语+V原形(主语是第三人称单数时,V加s或es)主语+is /am/are+V过分现在进行时现在正在发生的动作now,Look!, Listen!, at this moment主语+am/is/are+V-ing主语+am/is/are+being+V过分现在完成时过去的动作对现在有影响或过去的动作一直持续到现在already , yet
2、,since, so far主语 +have/has +V过分主语+have/has +been+V过分一般过去时过去发生的动作yesterday ,last week, ago, in 1998, just now主语+V过去式主语+was/were +V过分过去进行时过去时间内正发生的动作或存在的状态at this time yesterday, just then, at 6:00 last Sunday, when+一般过去时主语+was/were+V-ing主语+was/were+being+V过分过去完成时过去已完成的动作by the end of +过去的时间,by the ti
3、me +一般过去时主语+had+V过分主语+had+been+V过分一般将来时将要发生的动作或将来的状态tomorrow, next week, in the future, in two days, in 2100主语+am/is/are going to +V原形,或主语+will+V原形主语+will be+V过分过去将来时过去时间内将要发生的动作或存在的状态常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句主语+was/were+going to+V原形,或主语+would +V原形主语+would+be+V过分现在完成进行时过去的动作一直延续到现在“since+时间点/从句/时间点ago”或“for+
4、时间段” 主语+have /has+been+V-ing 含情态动词 can/may/must等+V原形can/may/must等+be +V过分考点1 一般现在时有哪些特殊用法?(1) (2) (3) 【活学活用】1、 Three plus two_(be)five. 2、The teacher said that light_(travel)faster than sound. 3、If you_(ask)her tomorrow, she will help you.考点2 如何使用used to? “过去常常” “习惯做某事” / “被用来”【活学活用】1、She used to pl
5、ay near the river.(改为否定句)_2、 The children didnt use to come here early,_?(补全反意疑问句) 考点3 一般将来时有哪些形式?(1) (2) (3) 考点4 现在完成时和一般过去时有什么区别?二者表示的动作都在过去发生。现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响和结果,不能与表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示过去的事实,与现在没有关系。【活学活用】1.你做作业了吗? 做了。_2.什么时候做的? 昨天晚上。_考点5 have been to, have been in和have gone to有何区别?have been in
6、 表示_;have been to 表示_,常与ever, never ,before, once ,twice等连用;have gone to 表示_。【活学活用】1、 Tim_out. Hell be back in an hour.2、 Jim_this city for two years.3、 _you ever_Jinan? It has some famous springs.考点6 现在完成时的句子,谓语何时用瞬间动词,何时用延续动词? 若表示持续性的动作,常与表示一段时间的状语如these days, in the past few years, during the las
7、t three months, for two years, so far, up to now, till now等连用。注意:瞬间动词不能与持续性的完成时连用,必须改为延续动词,记住下面的瞬间动词与延续动词的换用:【活学活用】1、I _(buy)this bicycle for five years.2、You can _(borrow)it for two days.3、The film_(begin)for five minutes.4、How long _ you _(go)this school?5、The old man_(die)since 2000.6.They got ma
8、rried two years ago. =It _since they got married.7、We came to this school three years ago. =We_ this school _three years.1、 动词变动词:buyhave, borrowkeep2、 变为“be+adj./adv.”:beginbe on, close/openbe closed/open, diebe dead, finishbe over, get upbe up, marrybe married, gobe off, comebe here, returnbe back
9、, arrivebe here3、 变为“be+介词短语”:come/go be in/at, joinbe in(或“be+成员”),put onwear(或be in)考点7 如何将主动语态变为被动语态?主动句变为被动句的方法是:一看动词,二换主语,三变谓语。1、主动句有双宾语,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,但若将直接宾语用作主语,后面要使用_引出间接宾语。He gave me a book yesterday. I was given a book yesterday./A book was given to me yesterday.2、 动词短语是一个不可分的整体,变化时不能丢掉介词或副
10、词。You should speak to me politely. I should be spoken to politely.(to 不可少)3、带宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时,宾补在原位置不动。I saw a man playing basketball there. A man was seen playing basketball there.4、在主动句中某些动词后的不定式可省略to,但在被动句中to要补出。Our parents make us study hard. We are made to study hard.【活学活用】将下面句子的主动语态变为被动语态1、The
11、students clean the room every day.2、She gave me twenty yuan last week.3、The girl has taken care of the blind men for five years.考点8 哪些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义?1、系动词,如look, feel, taste, smell等。The music sounds beautiful.这音乐听起来很美。2、sell, write, drive 等词作不及物动词,其主语为物时。This kind of clothes sells well.这种衣服卖得很好。3、在
12、be worth doing sth.中的doing。The basketball match is well worth watching.这场篮球赛很值得看。4、在need ,want, require等表示“需要”的动词后接V-ing形式表示被动意义,相当于to be done。My kite wants mending.我的风筝需修理。【活学活用】1、 This kind of food_(smell) hot.2、 The latest model cars _(sell)well.3、 The ball-pen_(write)smoothly.4、 The book is worth_(read).5、 Your hair wants _(cut).考点9 被动语态有哪些习惯用法?据说_ 众所周知_据报道_
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