版高考英语二轮江苏教师用书第1部分 专题1 第1讲 时态和语态Word文档格式.docx

1、3（2015江苏高考卷）The real reason why prices _，and still are，too high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.Awere Bwill beChave been Dhad been物价为什么（过去）很高，现在依然很高的真正原因很复杂，不是一个简短的讨论就可以满意地解释这个问题的。根据后面的still are可知，此处是和“现在”对比，故用一般过去时。4（2014江苏高考卷）How much do you know about th

2、e Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well，the media_ it in a variety of forms.Acover Bwill coverChave covered Dcovered你对即将在南京举行的青奥会了解多少？哦，媒体已经以各种形式进行了报道。强调对现在造成的结果或影响，用现在完成时。5（2017北京高考卷）_ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes.They are happy with it.ADid you call BHav

3、e you calledCWill you call DWere you calling昨天你给那家公司打电话询问他们对我们产品的看法了吗？是的。他们对产品很满意。根据句中的时间状语yesterday可知，空格处用一般过去时。6（2017北京高考卷）In the 1950s in the USA，most families had just one phone at home，and wireless phones _ yet.Ahavent inventedBhavent been inventedChadnDhadnD句意：在20世纪50年代的美国，大多数家庭家里只有一部电话，那时无线电话

4、还没有被发明出来。根据句意以及句中的关键词“In the 1950s”和yet可知，空格处用过去完成时；且“wireless phones”与动词invent之间是被动关系，所以使用过去完成时的被动语态。7（2017北京高考卷）People _ better access to health care than they used to，and theyre living longer as a result.Awill have BhaveChad Dhad hadB句意：人们有了比过去更便捷的医疗保障，结果，人们的寿命更长了。根据句意以及句中的关键信息“than they used to”

5、可知，此处表示现在与过去的对比，所以空格处用一般现在时。8（2017天津高考卷）I _ down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.Awas driving Bhave drivenCwould drive Ddrove我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。这里使用了固定句式be doing sth.when.，表示“正在做某事时突然”，此时主句用过去进行时，when后面的句子用一般过去时。一、常考的各种时态1一般现在时（1）表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作，通常用usually，often，always，

6、sometimes，every day，once a week等作时间状语。I usually have my hair cut once a month.The students often do their experiments in the lab.（2）表示客观真理、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。The earth moves around the sun.A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.（3）表示按时间表、计划、规定发生的动作。The train leaves at 2：35 this afternoon.（4）主句是一般将来时的时

7、间、条件、让步状语从句中代替将来时。You will succeed if you try your best.Even if it rains tomorrow，the football match will take place.2现在进行时（1）表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。Our friends are waiting for us outside now.（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。She is learning English at college.（3）某些短暂性动词，如come，go，start，open，close，arrive，return，begi

8、n，leave等用于进行时，表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。My father is coming to see me this Saturday.He is leaving for Beijing next week.（4）某些动词的进行时表示慢慢地、渐渐地发生变化。Im forgetting English.She is losing her eyesight.3现在完成时（1）表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，常用recently，lately，ever，never，once，before，yet，just等作时间状语。He hasnt heard any news from his s

9、on lately.Have you ever been to London?（2）表示开始于过去某一时刻，一直持续到现在而且还有可能继续下去的动作。常用so far，up till now，since，for a long time，in the past/last few years，these days等作时间状语。So far no life has been found outside the earth.He has learned 5，000 English words since he went to college.（3）“This/It isthe序数词timethat.”

10、句式中，that后的从句用现在完成时。This is the second time that I have visited the university.4现在完成进行时（1）表示开始于过去某个时间、一直持续到现在而且会继续进行下去的动作。I am very tired.I have been painting the house all the afternoon.（2）表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直反复进行的动作。I have been calling him several times this morning，but there is no answer.5一般过去时（1）表示在过去

11、某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday，last year，in 1995，the other day等作时间状语。It was a terrible piece of work you turned in yesterday.He came to work here two weeks ago.（2）在时间、条件从句中代替过去将来时。He said he would not go if it rained.（3）有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know，think，expect等，表示“本来认为

12、”。I didnt expect to meet you here.I thought he had heard the news.6过去完成时（1）表示在过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。By the end of last term，we had learned 2，000 words.He had left before I got home.（2）hope，expect，think，intend，want，suppose等用于过去完成时，表示未实现的希望、打算或意图，意为“原本”。We had expected that you would be able

13、 to win the match.（3）“It/This/That wasthe序数词timethat.”句式中，that后的从句用过去完成时。It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.（4）“hardly/scarcely.when.”和“no sooner.than.”结构中，主句用过去完成时。Hardly had the game started when it started to rain.7过去进行时（1）表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情。She was writing a book about

14、 China last year，but I dont know whether she has finished it.（2）表示过去一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行。It was raining as the medical team made its way to the front.He was watching TV in the living room when someone knocked at the door.（3）短暂性动词come，go，leave，arrive，begin等用于过去进行时，表示按计划、安排在过去某个时间将要发生的动作。8一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个

15、时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。（1）“shall/will动词原形”表示将来，往往指客观上势必要发生的事情或没有计划、临时做出的打算。shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。When will you be able to give us a reply?We shall have a lot of rain next month.Where is the telephone book?Ill go and get it for you.（2）be going to do表示将来，一般指按计划、打算要做某事或有迹象要出现的情况。I am going

16、to buy a computer this summer.It is going to be fine tomorrow.（3）be to do表示将来，一般指按计划或安排要做某事或按职责、义务和要求必须去做某事。She is to get married next week.I am to buy some books this afternoon.（4）be about to do表示将来，多指不久或即将要发生的动作，不强调主观，不能与表示具体时间的状语连用。The train is about to leave.9过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去某个时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。这

17、种时态通常有个过去时间或动作做参照。He said he would wait for us at the bus stop.She was about to open the door when the telephone rang.Every morning he would climb to the top of the hill in those days.10将来进行时将来进行时由will/shall be doing构成，表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。Please dont come at ten tomorrow morning.I will be having a meeti

18、ng.What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?二、被动语态1被动语态有两种表现形式：be过去分词和get过去分词。get型被动语态一般指动作的结果而非动作本身。Finally he got elected.2使用被动语态的情况（1）不知道或没有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。The young man was injured in the car accident.（2）需要强调动作的承受者时。Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away.（3）为了使语气婉转，避免提

19、及自己或对方时。Everybody is expected to obey the following rules.（4）动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时。The windows were broken by strong wind.（5）有些习惯用法只以或常以被动语态形式出现。I am determined to take medicine.3注意主动形式表示被动意义的情况（1）表示主语的某种属性特征的词，如clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，常用其主动形式表示被动意义，且主语通常是物。This pen writes smoothly.

20、（2）在need，want，require，bear等词的后面常跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing/to be repaired.盐城市高三三模）A former Chinese soldier，who _ in India for half a century，flew home to China on February 11，2017.Atrapped Bhad trappedChas been trapped Dhad been trapped一位中国老兵被困印度半个世纪，终于在2017年2月11日乘飞机返

21、回中国。被困的动作发生在flew所表示的动作之前，故用过去完成时的被动形式。常州高三一模）Next years key challenges include risks in the financial area and old issues that have yet _Asolved Bbeen solvedCto solve Dto be solved下一年关键的挑战包括金融领域的风险以及有待去解决的老问题。定语从句的先行词old issues与solve之间是被动关系，并且这些问题尚未解决，故选D。have yet to be solved有待解决。25874001】3（2017镇江高

22、三一模）Its a complete mess.Where are the kitchen table tops?At the back.We _ them by 7 pm this evening.Aare placing Bhave placedCwill be placing Dwill have placed这里一片狼藉。餐桌台面在哪儿？在后面。我们今天晚上7点之前会把它们放好。根据句意及句中的时间状语“by 7 pm this evening”可知，此处应用将来完成时态表示在将来某时之前已经完成的动作。4（2017南通、泰州高三一模）Why are you so upset，Mary

23、?My boss _ fault with me.He is not so kind as you think.Aalways finds Bis always findingChas always found Dalways found你为什么这么心烦意乱，玛丽？我的老板总是对我吹毛求疵，他可不像你想得那么友好。always放在进行时中通常有强烈的情感意义，此处表示厌烦的语气。扬、泰、通、淮、宿、徐高三二模）Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?Pity he_ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer te

24、acher.Awas sent Bhas been sentChad been sent Dwould be sent“Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日晚会吗？”“很遗憾，他已经作为一个志愿教师被派到津巴布韦去了。”据答语中的Pity可知，答话者的意思是Uncle Peterson已经被派往津巴布韦了，所以对现在的影响便是他来不了生日晚会。故用现在完成时。扬、泰、通、淮、宿、徐高三二模）The new machines have arrived and are being tested in the workshop.m glad we _ them in the years ahea

25、d.Awill be operating Bhave been operatingCwould be operating Dhad been operating“新机器已经到了，正在车间内测试。”“我很高兴接下来的几年里我们会使用它们。”根据句意可知，因为现在机器还没正式运行，是要在将来投入使用的，因此用将来进行时。南京、盐城高三二模）In the UK，some people equate life experience with the number of stamps in their passports.Thats why they all agree that they _ the

26、“travel bug”Acatch BcaughtChave caught Dare to catch在英国，一些人把人生阅历和他们护照上的印章数目等同起来。那就是为什么他们都认为自己迷上了旅游。本句用现在完成时表示动作对现在所产生的影响。8How is your sister?She_quite good after the operation，but she is taking a turn for the worse today.Afelt BfeelsChad felt Dhas been feelingA考查动词时态。句意：你妹妹怎么样了？手术后她感到不错，但今天她感觉比较糟。手术

27、后感到不错，是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。9We have been trying to train the young people who were hired last month，but they_their best to learn.Awere not doing Bdidnt doCare not doing Dhadnt doneC考查时态。我们一直在尽力培训上个月聘请的年轻人，但是他们不尽力学习。根据题干的but判断是这些年轻人现在不尽力学习，应用现在进行时。故选C。25874002】10Dont worry.When he kept silent，Mr. White _ his approval for our plan.Awould show Bis showingCwas showing Dhas shown不要担心。当他保持沉默时，表示怀特先生正支持我们的计划。根据从句的时态是过去时以及和主从句之间的关系可知，主句应该是表示“表示他支持”是正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。