名词 教案Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、man men；woman women；Frenchman Frenchmen；tooth teeth；foot feet；child children单复数形式相同。sheep sheep；fish（鱼的条数） fish；Chinese（中国人）Chinese；Japanese（日本人）Japanese；deer（鹿）deer形式为单数，意思为复数。people，police视为整体时，谓语用单数；视为个体时，谓语用复数。family，class，team，group形式为复数，意思为单数。news，maths，physics，the United States等。只用复数形式pants，s

2、horts，clothes，glasses （眼镜）等。由man，woman构成的合成名词，变复数时将名词及man，woman都变成复数。man driver men drivers，woman teacher women teachers但其他合成名词，只需把合成名词中的中心词变为复数形式。a banana tree banana trees；a shoe factory shoe factories、不可数名词不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词，它们一般没有复数形式。如果要表示不可数名词的数量则要借助于“a量词（可数名词）of不可数名词”短语，变复数时把a变为具体数词，量词变为复数形式。a

3、bowl of water一碗水；two cups of tea两杯茶外研版初中阶段常见的不可数名词归类：1）按气体、液体和固体分类：water水，tea茶，milk牛奶，orange橙汁，juice果汁，salad色拉，ham火腿，oil石油，coal煤 2）表示太小而不易数的物质： corn谷物，玉米，sand沙，沙子， wool羊毛3）抽象名词：advice建议，height高度，身高 ，connection电话连接，计算机网络连接 ，amount量，数量period阶段，时期，relationship关系，riding骑马（运动），sky天，天空，degree课程，学位，will意志，

4、决心 ，victory成功，胜利，business工作，electricity电，energy能量 ，schoolwork学生课业，功课，knowledge知识，学识，truth事实，真相，sense道理，意义，合理性，pride自豪感，骄傲，courage勇气，胆量，development发展， spirit精灵，神灵，精神，recycling回收利用，technology科技，技术，weather天气，fun乐趣、名词所有格有生命的东西的名词所有格，一般用在词尾加“s”这种形式来表示。Its my mothers handbag.这是我妈妈的手提包。以s或es结尾的名词末尾只加“”。有些表

5、示时间、距离、国家、城镇等无生命的事物的名词，也可以加“s”构成所有格。s only twenty minutes walk.这只是步行20分钟的路程。Who won the girls 100meter race？谁赢了女子100米赛跑？不以s或es结尾的复数名词末尾仍要加“s”。Wheres the Peoples Hospital，please？请问人民医院在哪儿？s the policemens bedroom.这是警察宿舍。表示两个或多个人共同拥有的人或物时，只需在并列名词的后一个名词词尾加“若表示两者各自所拥有时，则每个名词后均加“试比较：Lily and Lucys father

6、 is a worker.莉莉和露茜的父亲是工人。Lilys and Lucys fathers are both workers.莉莉的父亲和露茜的父亲都是工人。有些名词如：诊所、家、店铺等名词所有格后加“s”后，可以省去表示相关处所的名词。the doctors（医生诊所），Mr. Whites（怀特先生家），the booksellers（书店）。of所有格主要表示无生命的东西。a map of China一幅中国地图既表示所属关系又表示数量时要用双重所有格。an old friend of my uncles，a photo of Jims family等。4、名词词义辨析名词词义辨析

7、主要指考生在不同的语言环境中，通过对上下文的理解或者对一些词义相同的名词准确地掌握其意义，然后做出正确的选择。近年来，这一考点成为了考查名词的主要形式之一，并且越来越受到各地的欢迎。三、要点讲练【要点1】可数名词变复数【例题】Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous _ in American _.Asymbol；culture Bsymbol；culturesCsymbols；culture Dsymbols；【解析】本题考查名词单复数。句意为：米老鼠是美国文化中最出名的标志之一。“One of形容词最高级可数名词复数”意为“最之一”。由此可知，第一空应该

8、用复数，指“最出名的标志之一”。第二空指“美国文化”，应该用单数。故选C。【答案】C【即学即用】1、写出下列名词的复数形式family_tomatotoothsheepboyleafbuspeach _【答案】1. families 2. tomatoes 3. teeth 4. sheep 5. boys 6. leaves 7. buses 8. peaches2、用方框内所给词的适当形式填空As we know, there are some _（difference）between American English and British English.Jackie Chan was

9、 one of the most famous _（actor） in the world. Can I help you, sir? Yes, Id like five _（tomato） and some pears.【答案】differencesactorstomatoes【要点2】不可数名词【例题】If you have any problems, you can ask your parents to give you _.A. two pieces of advices B. an advice C. some advice D. some advices【解析】考查不可数名词。句

10、意：如果你有任何问题，你可以让你的父母给你一些建议。advice表示“建议”为不可数名词，后不能加s，前也不能加冠词aan。【答案】CReading comics is _.Yes, every student in my class loves it very much.A. a great fun B. great fun C. a lot fun D. a lot of funs【答案】B 【要点3】 名词所有格How far is your home from school?Its about two _ walk.Ahours Bhours Chours Dhour【解析】考查名词所

11、有格的用法。句意“你家离学校多远？”“步行大约两_。”两个小时的路程应用名词所有格，两个小时是two hours为一个整体，其名词所有格应在s后加“【答案】 C1、选择正确的选项_ fathers cant go to the class meeting because they have gone on business.AJack and Mikes BJacks and MikesCJack and Mike DJacks and Mike_的爸爸不能去开班会，因为他们已经去出差了。名词所有格如果表示两个人共同的父亲时只在最后一个人名上用所有格形式；如果表示各自的父亲，那么每一个人名都要

12、用所有格形式。由于fathers用了复数，所以此处指杰克和麦克各自的父亲。【答案】B2、翻译下列句子_（李明的父母）workin a big hospital.These are _（我妹妹们的语文书）We are very happy on _（儿童节）._（王平和王明的父亲） is a hotel manager.They are _（Peter和Sam的老师）.Limings parents workThese are my little sisters Chinese books.We are very happy on Childrens Day.Wang Ping and Wang

13、 Mings father is a hotel manager.They are Petersand Sams teachers.【要点4】名词词义辨析In 2019，Liu Xiangs _A_ in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping.AabilityBtradeCelectricityDmemory【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。ability意为“能力”；trade意为“贸易”；electricity意为“电”；memory意为“记忆”。2019年，刘翔的跨栏赛跑能力引起了孙海平的注意。【答案】 A1. Bob has got good exam r

14、esults. His parents are proud of his_A. success Bchance Cidea Ddreamsuccess意为“成功”；chance意为“机会”；idea意为“想法”；dream意为“梦想”。由“Bob has got good exam results.”可知，Bob在考试中取得了好成绩，他的父母为他的成功而感到骄傲。【答案】A2. Annie has a_，and she is going to see her dentist today.Acold Bfever Ccough Dtoothachecold意为“感冒”；fever意为“发烧”；c

15、ough意为“咳嗽”；toothache意为“牙疼”。由“she is going to see her dentist”可知，看牙医是患了牙疼。【答案】D【链接中考】 Cambridge is famous for its_. Many famous people studied there. A. university B. hospital C. bank D. museum【解析】考查名词词义辨析 university大学；hospital医院；bank银行；museum博物馆，根据句意可知。It might be cool in the evening. Youd better ta

16、ke a（n）_. Aumbrella Bsweater Cwallet Dcamera【解析】考查名词词义辨析 umbrella雨伞；sweater毛衣；wallet钱包；camera相机，根据句意可知。Laughter is the best_ （medicine） . Its good for your health. medicine为不可数名词。【答案】medicine用方框内所给词和短语的适当形式完成下面对话。（每词或短语限用一次）play friend be happy get upLingling: Are you planning to join a summer camp,

17、 Daming? My 52 went to one of those last year. He said he 53 at 6 am every day!Daming: Yes, Im not very 54 about getting up early, but I love sports and often do exercise, so itll be worth it. There 55 a lot of football. Youll like that. Yes, I 56 football for many years. I have good football skills

18、, but I hope I can learn even more at the camp!【解析】本题考查选词且用适当形式填空，本空应填名词且用单数。【答案】friendTony is planning a _ this year. He wants to visit Xian first.Ameeting Btrip Cparty Dmatch【解析】考查名词词义辨析 meeting会议；trip旅行；party聚会；match比赛，根据句意可知。There was a new film on yesterday. Many people want to the _.Acinema Bs

19、tation Cstore Dmuseum【解析】考查名词词义辨析 cinema电影院；station车站；store商店；Birds use small sticks and _（leaf） to make a home. 【解析】本题考查选词且用适当形式填空，本空应填名词且用复数形式。【答案】leavesB. 用方框内所给词和短语的适当形式完成下面对话。problem walk go fit exerciseBarbara: I went to school by bus in the past, and I did not feel fit. So last month I decide

20、d to take more_52_and started walking to school. I_53_to school for three weeks now. I am getting a lot_54_and I feel healthier. The _55_is, all my friends take the bus to school and I do not have anyone to talk with on the way! What can I do?Mr. Jackson: Walking has helped you get healthier, so why

21、 not ask a friend_56_to school on foot with you?【解析】本题考查选词且用适当形式填空，exercise意为锻炼，为不可数名词；problem意为问题，本题中用原形。【答案】52、exercise 55、problemI want to get some fruit. Is there a_ near here?Astadium Bmarket Chotel Dpark【解析】考查名词词义辨析 stadium体育馆；market市场；hotel酒店；park公园，根据句意可知。In winter, I like sunny _（weather）,

22、and I like snow as well. 【解析】本题考查选词且用适当形式填空，weather意为天气，为不可数名词。【答案】weather四、基础达标1、单选（ ） 1.-Please give me a when you get to Dalian.-All right. Ill tell you everything when I get there.A. newspaper B. ticket C. train D. ring（ ） 2. Our homework today is to write a （n） about the wonders of the world.A.

23、 music B. picture C. composition D. exam（ ） 3.-Hello! May I speak to Lucy, please?-Sorry. Im afraid you have the wrong A. way B. name C. number D. person（ ） 4. Could you lend me your ? I want to take some photos.A. watch B. radio C. camera D. telephone（ ） 5.-Would you like some ？-Yes, please. Im thi

24、rsty.A. juice B. bread C. meat D. beef（ ） 6. Today, we have many other to pay besides coins or paper money.A. excuses B. ways C. chances D. plans（ ） 7. John wants to be a because he wants people to get the news as soon as possible.A. reporter B. musician C. scientist D. presenter（ ） 8. I have been i

25、n Dalian for over ten years. Dalian has become my second .A. family B. house C. home D. room（ ） 9.-What do you think of the -the Moonliglt Sonata by Beethoven?-It sounds really wonderful.A. subject B. music C. sound D.poem（ ） 10. There is not enough in the corner for the fridge.A. place B. room C. f

26、ield D. land（ ） 11. In the future, teachers may not use in class.A. chalk B. computer C. mouse D. keyboard（ ） 12. If you dont take more , youll get fat.A. medicine B. sleep C. time D. exercise（ ） 13. Our teacher often gives us some on how to learn English well.A. knowledge B. advice C. information D

27、. news（ ） 14. Mr. Li is a swimming . He teaches the children how to swim.A. fan B. student C. coach D. visitor（ ） 15. Deng Yaping is my hero because she has won four Olympic gold for China.A. symbols B. experiments C. records D. medals（ ） 16. Id like to go to the to get some money.A. bank B. bookshop C. palace D. mu