1、propensity Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.= tendency, inclinationparanoid 偏执的 paranoia (偏执狂)workaholic 工作狂 ( alcoholic)symptom 症状diagnosis 诊断(n.) diagnose (v.)Arthur Haily: “The Final Diagnosis”electroencephalogram 脑电图 electrocardiogram (心电图)assertive 武断的 ( assert)therapy 治疗法g
2、roup therapyhypnotism 催眠术 ( hypnotize)prescribe 开药方v.s. subscribe, describe, inscribe prescription: drugsantidepressant 抗抑郁药tranquilizer 镇静药 ( tranquil)side-effect (+s) 副作用immune 免疫的,免除的 ( immunity)rehabilitation 复原,康复relapse 旧病复发,故态复萌v.s. elapse 子在川上曰:逝者如斯夫,不舍昼夜!chronic 慢性的adulthood childhoodpubert
3、y 青春发动期adolescence 青春期 (the time of life between puberty and adulthood)emotional rationalaffective 情感的 ( affection)sane 神智健全的 insanesuperstition 迷信superstitioustelepathy 传心术,通灵术tele(far away) + pathy(heart) numerology, palmistryapathy 无感情,无兴趣,冷漠 (= indifference) sympathy: sym(same) + pathypathology
4、病理学,病理,病变delusion 迷惑,欺瞒v.s. illusiondisorientation 迷失 (dis + orientation) disorientedpervert 使反常/变态 反常/变态者 perversionintrospection 省v.s. retrospection (回顾,反省)sublimation 纯化,升华 sublimepersonality = personal characteristicsmultiple personality (多重人格)innate 天赋的 in + nate(nature)= inborn, congenitalattr
5、ibute 属性 ( attributable)trait 特征,品质national traits 国民性vs. traitor =阅读分类词汇=科技ubiquitous 普遍存在的= omnipresent (omniscient, omnipotent)versatile (人)多才多艺的,(物)通用的 versatilityalchemy 炼金术transmute 变形,变质transmute silver into gold (!)arduous 艰巨的 (=strenuous)an arduous taskpitfall 陷阱,未预见之困难metallurgy 冶金alloy 合金
6、aluminum = aluminium (BE) calcium, uranium, radium ,copper, brass, bronzeelectrode 电极distill 蒸馏 distilled waterquartz 石英phosphorus 磷,磷光物质inflammable 易燃的 ( flame)combustion 燃烧 (combustible)spontaneous combustion (white phosphorus)ceramic 瓷的 瓷器 (ceramics)insulate 隔离,绝缘insulator ( conductorfiber 纤维 (BE
7、: fibre)fiber optics (纤维光学)optics 光学 ( optical)retina 视网膜iris 虹膜opaque 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucentmicroprocessor 微处理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit), chipbinary 二进制的integrate integration ,integrated circuit (IC), system integration (SI)buffer 缓冲区buffer storagebrowser 浏览器 ( IE, Netscape)hypertext
8、 超文本envisage 想象,看作 en + vis(see) + age be envisaged as momentous (极为)重要的v.s. momentaryreticular 网状的Ethernet 以太网domain 域 domain namescyberlaw 网络法律 “cyber-“: Internet relatedcyberlove, cybercafe, patent 专利 ( patented)v.s. copyright, pirated software/VCDschronological 按时间顺序的 “chron”: time chronic, chro
9、nicle, chronographrobot 机器人(“肉包它”) roboticsartificial 人造的,做作的artificial satellite/smilecone 圆锥体,锥形物the nose cone of a missileJupiter 木星 Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturnexorbitant 过度的,过分的,过高的ex(out) + orbit + antcentripetal 向心(力)的 centrifugalhigh-rise 高楼 ( skyscraper)cathedral 大教堂dome 圆顶 (a hemispherical
10、 roof)infrastructure 基础设施 superstructuresewage 污水,下水道hydraulic 水力的,水压的landfill 垃圾掩埋(地)ventilation 通风thermostat 温控器thermo(hot) + stat(steady) thermos, thermometer, thermonuclearprefabricate 预先制造 prefab (预制的)polytechnic 各种工艺的 理工学校Hong Kong Polytechnicgeometric 几何(学)的 geometry, geo(land) + metry(measur
11、e)asymmetry 不对称 a(not) + sym(same) + metry() symmetryconcave 凹的 convexbilateral 双边的,两方面的 unilateralparadoxical “似非而是”的 paradox (悖论)empirical 经验的empirical law/formulaclockwise 顺时针的 ( anticlockwise =阅读分类词汇=教育accommodation (膳宿)供应= room and boardlodging 寄宿(处)lease 出租 “for lease”, “to let”v.s. renttenant
12、 房客,佃户landlord 房东 landlady(f) Lord, tenant ,housemate roommate, dormmate, schoolmate, classmatedormitory 寝室 (abbrev. dorm)au pair A young foreigner who lives with a family in return for doing light housework (另) = reciprocalreciprocal 相互的,互惠的hostel youth hostel hotelreal estate 房地产vicinity = neighbo
13、rhoodflat 平的,瘪的 flat tire公寓(= apartment) condo, studiobond = depositlinen 亚麻的 亚麻织品,床单(= bed linen)utensil 器皿stationery 文具 (v.s. stationary)laundry 洗衣,洗衣店cafeteria 自助餐厅 canteencater 满足(需要)aerobics 有氧健身操 “aero”: airbadminton 羽毛球(运动)baseball 棒球 baseball batsquash 壁球(运动)amateur professionalgathering 聚会v
14、.s. meeting, reunionexcursion 远足 (= outing, expedition)commonwealth 国,联邦Commonwealth: 英联邦tertiary 第三的After purchasing a house and a car, the next major life expenditure is almost certainly the cost of tertiary education.primary secondary tertiarypost-secondary “post”: afterpostgraduate, postdoctoral
15、, post-sale, postwarilliterate 文盲 不识字的il(no) + literate(words) illiteracy ( literacydiscipline 学科,纪律v.s. subjectterminology 术语faculty department and staff of a college/universitydean (大学)教务长curriculum 课程 (= course) extracurricular 课外的syllabus 课程提纲calendar 日历,日程 ( schedule, agenda, timetable)compulso
16、ry 强制的,必修的 elective (选修的)examiner examinee take/sit, pass/get through, fail, retake/resitrecruit 招生,招募 recruitment= enrollprestige 声望,威信 prestigiousesteem 尊敬 (n. & v.)your esteemed school/companyaptitude 智力SAT: School Aptitude Testmatriculation 录取入学vocation 职业 (= calling, occupation, career) vocatio
17、nal vocational educationTAFE Technical And Further Education (Australian)abbreviation 缩略(词) abridge (缩短,删节)transferable (学分等)可转换的scholarship 奖学金= fellowshiptutorial 辅导(课) tutor (= lecturer, instructor)pedagogue 教员,学究 pedagogy (教育学,教学法) demagogue (政治煽动家)lexicography 词典编撰 ( lexicographer)assignment 任务
18、,(课外)作业dissertation 论文 (= thesis)credential 证明,文凭 “cred”: creditlinguistic credentialsalumni 校友(男) alumnaeoverestimate 高估 ( underestimatedecipher 解码,解释 (= decode)decipher workplace culturecaliber 才干 =阅读分类词汇=文化homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous( heterogeneous homosexual, heterosexualmainstream 主流 主流的di
19、alect 方言 (v.s. accent)discrepancy 差异misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstandingbarrier 障碍(物) bar, = barricadediscrimination 区别,歧视racial/sexual discrimination discriminate (+against)hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质 ( insular, island) .microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)nos
20、talgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者 ( traitor patriotic, patriotismcompatriot 同胞 同胞的com + patriotvernacular 本地的,本国的 本地话,本国话the vernacular languages of IndiaHispanic An American whose first language was Spanishimmigration 移入 immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration ( emigrant, emigrate) antipodes Any two pla
21、ces or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”permeate 渗透,弥漫Smoke permeated the house.entrepreneur 企业家 ( enterprise) entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者,从业者praction(practice) + ercelebrity a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy 代理人anecdote 轶事 ( anecdotal)n
22、otoriety 恶名 ( notorious)counterpart 对应人,对等物Whos George Bushs counterpart in China counterculture, counterbalancepeer 同等的人 凝视,窥视( peep)subordinate 下级 下级的 superiortactics 战术,技巧v.s. strategy (战略,策略) marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance a subtle difference in meaningbenchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时
23、的,守时的 ( punctuality)absenteeism 旷工absent absentee absenteeismflextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + timeharass 骚扰 ( harassment)Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her.redundancy 冗余,冗员network redundancydownsize 裁员 ( lay off)ballot 投票 (= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的 ( partiallobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)shortlist (BE) a
24、 list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and fromwhich the successful person will be chosen (v.)equilibrium 平衡,均衡questionnaire 调查表,问卷quantitative 定量的 ( qualitativecontingency 偶然性,偶然事件incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的,符合伦理的 ethics, unethicaldubious 疑惑的,可疑的
25、 ( doubt)People were dubious about the result.manifestation 显示,证明 ( manifest)subtitle 字幕,副标题 (sub + title) subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE:underground, tube), suburb( downtown, uptown, outskirts)dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚 chicbizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家 ( diet)connoisseur 行家,鉴赏
26、家 entre, a la carte =雅思阅读分类词汇=-生物/生理molecule 分子 molecularcell cellularamino amino acids (氨基酸)protein 蛋白质enzyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts inspecific biochemical reactions)catalyst 催化剂chlorophyll 叶绿素“chloro-”: Clphotosynthesis 光合作用 (photo + synthesis) photosyntheticbotany 植物学 ( zoology botanist, botanicalflora 植物群fauna 动物群bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌algae al
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