中考英语语法笔记整理大全Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、 3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时,则变为可数名词,而且以四上也有了变化。eg. beer -a beer 一杯啤酒, work- a work 工厂,著作 ,glass-a glass 一个玻璃杯, room空间-a room一个房间二、名词的数：表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词。1、可数名词有单、复数两种形式：可数名词的单数形式要在名词前加 a或an；复数形式是在名词后加 -s或-es。名词复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种,规则变化及其读音可依照下表：当名词为：词尾变化读 音一般情况加s在清辅音后读/s/chips, jeeps, pats , clocks在浊辅音或元音后读

2、/z/boys, sharpeners, sofas, drawers以s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词加es/iz/watches, boxes, classes, brushes以字母o结尾的单词加s或es/z/zoos, photos, bamboos, tomatoes, potatoes, heroes,以辅音字母+y结尾的单词去y 变i加esdictionaries, strawberries,以f 或fe结尾的单词去f或fe 变v 加 es/vz/leaves, wives, halves以th结尾的词/z/; /z/mouths, paths; months, deaths2. 可

3、数名词复数的不规则变化 改变单数名词中的元音字母 eg. man-men, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, goosegeese, mouse-mice 单复数同形 eg. Chinese-Chinese, deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep, 由man 和woman构成的合成词, 每个名词都要变复数 eg. a man doctor men doctors, a woman teacher-women teachers 注意: 有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式 eg. trousers,

4、clothes, glasses, shorts,scissors, etc;有些名词从形式上看是复数, 实际上是单数. eg. maths, phyiscs, politics, news 3. 不可数名词：表示不能计算数目的人或物,称为不可数名词。他们前面不能用a/an,没有复数形式。物质名词和抽象名词都属于不可数名词。不可数名词一般只有单数形式, 但有其特殊用法:（1）同一个词,变成复数形式, 意义不同。eg. food 食物- foods 各种食物,time 时间 - times 时代,green 绿色 -greens 青菜（2）有些不可数名词用复数代指具体的事物eg. hope -h

5、opes 希望 hardship - hardships 艰苦（3）物质名词在表示数量时,常用某个量词+of来表示 eg. a cup of tea, seven pieces of bread, several bags of rice, 三、名词的所有格名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系,有两种表示形式, 一种是在名词后+s；另一种是用of, 表示 的1. 一般词的所有格, 直接在词尾 +s。 eg. Mr. Motts robot, childrens clothes 以s结尾的名词所有格只在词尾 + eg. teachers books3 两人共有的物体, 则在第二个名词后+s; 如

6、果分别是两人所有, 则在每个名词后面 +s。 eg. Lucy and Lilys room. Mrs Greens and Mrs Browns son. 4 表示某具体场所时, 所有格后面的名词可省略 eg. the doctors Mr. Whites2. 没有生命的事物一般用of 短语来表示所属关系。 eg. the wall of the classroom,a picture of the bedroom, 名词的的定语较长时,有生命的事物也可用of短语表示。 eg. a long story of a 50-year-old man （4）双重所有格 eg. a friend o

7、f his, the big nose of Toms（5）有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以加s来构成所有格。eg. ten minutes walk, todays newspaper例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松！1. They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories解析: much 是用来修饰不可数名词的, A B D三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式, C项为不可数名词, 因此选C.2. I have two _ and three bottles of _ he

8、re. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges orange 有两种含义, 一种可数名词橘子, 另一种是不可数名词橘汁, 此题第一空应填可数名词, 第二空填不可数名词, 因此选 C。3. Every evening M r. King takes a _ to his home . A. 25 minutes walk B. 25 minutes walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk 句中的 minute应该用其复数的所有格形式,只+,而

9、不能+s,因此选A。4. An old _ wants to see you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person person 与people 都有人 的意思, 但用法不同. 一个人用 a person,两个人 用 two persons; people 泛指 人们是集合名词,表示复数, the people 指 人民, a people 指 一个民族. 应选B。5. Help yourself to _. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and app

10、le D. chicken and apples chicken 可用作可数名词指小鸡,用作不可数名词指鸡肉,根据词题意应理解为鸡肉;apple为可数名词, 故应+s, 因此选D。6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _. A. rooms number B. rooms number C. room numbers D. rooms numbers room number 房间号码. room可直接用作定语修饰后面的名词 . 类似的还有my phsics teacher, two bus drivers 等. 应选C。7. She has been in Tianjin

11、 for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _. A. family B. house C. home D. room family指的是家庭或是家庭成员; house指的是房子 room 指的是房间;而home 指的是家, 因此选C.8. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peters B. Mary and Peter C. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters 此句中 m

12、others是复数,表示两个人各自的母亲,因此应选D。9. Li Lei has been to _ many times this month. A. her uncle B. her uncles C. her uncles D. aunts 此句意为 李雷这个去她舅舅家多次. 表示具体场所时, 可省去所有格后面的名词.因此选B。10. He is a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience C. an experience D. a lot experie

13、nce experience 作 经验 讲时是不可数名词, 作 经历讲时是可数名词. 本句中应理解为 ,因此是不可数名词,排除 A C. 又因 a lot of , lots of, plenty of 只用于肯定句, 不用于否定句, 因此选B。11. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago. A. you B. your C. your sister D. your sisters 此题考查名词的双重所有格.应选D。12. A group of _ are talking with two _. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. G

14、ermans ,Frenchmans C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen Frenchman 是复合词,其复数形式为 Frenchmen; German 的复数为直接在单词末尾+S, 应选A.13.The team _ having a meeting . A. is B. are C. am D. be team 是一个集合名词,即可表示复数意义 , 也可指小组中的成员, 此题意为后者, 因此选B。14. Would you like _? _, please.A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of dri

15、nk, CoffeesC. a drink, A coffee D. a drink, Three cups of coffees drink 和coffee是不可数名词, 可以用of来表示数量, eg, three cups of coffee, 当前面加a 时,则表示一杯因此选C。15. The Great Wall was made not only by _, but also the flesh and blood of _ men. A.earth and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millions C. the earth

16、and stone, million of D. the earths and stones, millions解析：earth 是不可数名词,因此删除B D,数以百万的应为millions of . 因此选A。练习与巩固：熟能生巧,取得好成绩！ 选择最佳答案：1 Last night, there was a food accident. The _ were ill, but no _ were lost.A. child, lives B. children, life C. children, lives D. child, life2. -This is a photo of _ w

17、hen they were young. -OK, how happy they both looked! A. my father and mother B. my mother and fathers C. my mothers and fathers D.my fathers and my mother3. The new student is in _ , Grade Two. A. Class Third B. Third Class C. Class Three D. Three class4. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. Lets go

18、 and buy some flowers for our teachers. A. Teachers B. Teachers C. the Teachers D. Teacher5. The market isnt far from here. Its only _ bicycle ride. A.half an hours B. half an hours C. half an hour D. an hour and a half6. - What would you like to drink, girls? - _, please. A.Two cup of coffee B. Two

19、 cups of coffe C. Two cups of coffee D. Two cups of coffees7. During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for _. A. fun B. wishes C. interest D. thanks8. Some _ are flying kites near the river. A. child B. boy C. boys D. childs9. After the exam, well have_ holiday. A. two weeks B.

20、 two-weeks C. two weeks D. two week10. They are those _ bags.Please put them on the bus. A. visitor B. visitors C. visitors D. visitors11.- How many workers are there in your factory? - There are two _. A. hundreds B. hundred C. hundred of D. hundreds of12. -What do you think of the _ the Moonlight

21、Sonata by Beethoven? - It sounds really wonderful. A. subject B. music C. book D. animal13. There is not enough _ in the corner for the fridge. A. place B. room C. field D. ground 14. _ comes from sheep and some people like eating itA. Wool B. Pork C. Mutton D. Milk15. If you dont take more _, youll

22、 get fat.A. medicine B. lessons C. photos D. exercise16. My school is about twenty _ walk from here. A. minute B. minutes C. minutess D. minutes17. Mum, I have _ to tell you! A. a good news B. some good news C. some good newes D. much good news18. Which is the _ to the post office? A. street B. way

23、C. road D. address19. I stayed at _ last Sunday. A. my uncles B. my uncles C. my uncles D. my uncles family20. Maths _ not easy to learn. A. are B. is C. am D. were 1-5 CBCBB 6-10 CACCD 11-15 ABBCD 16-20 BBBCB冠词冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词 一、 不定冠词的用法 1用与可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一种类：例如： She is a girl. Pass me an apple , pl

24、ease. 2、指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。A boy is waiting for you We work six days a week. 3. 表示 一这个数量,但数的概念没有one 强烈.例如: We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow. I have a mouth , a nose, two eyes and two ears. 4. 用于某些固定的词组中.例如:a few, a little, a lot of注: 用a 还是an, 要看后面的词读音以辅音开头还是以元音开头.二、定冠词的用法 特指某人或某. 用在序数

25、词或形容词最高级前.例如:The first truck is carrying a few baskets. The third one is carrying the fewest of all.6. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前.例如:the Great Wall the North Street Hospital7. 用在一些习惯用语中.例如: in the morning , on the left at the end of三、不用冠词的情况 1在专有名词前和不可数名词前。China, Grade Two, Bill Smith, milk 2名词前已有作定语用的this, th

26、at, my, your, some, any 等代词。 The letter is in her pocket.I think the shop is closed at this time of day. 3复数名词表示一类人或事物时。 My father and mother are teachers.I like cakes. 4在星期、月份、季节、节日前。 It is Sunday Today is Mid-Autumn Day.It is cold in winter. 5在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。 Uncle Wang likes making things.What colour are Mrs Greens shoes? 6在三餐饭和球类运动的名称前。 He went to school after breakfast. Can you play basketball? 在某些固定词组中,如：at home, by bus, go to school 等的名词前不