白皮书中国的对外援助Word下载.docx

1、 China is the worlds largest developing country. In its development, it has endeavored to integrate the interests of the Chinese people with people of other countries, providing assistance to the best of its ability to other developing countries within the framework of South-South cooperation to sup

2、port and help other developing countries, especially the least developed countries （LDCs）, to reduce poverty and improve livelihood. China has proactively promoted international development and cooperation and played a constructive role in this aspect. 中国提供对外援助，坚持不附带任何政治条件，不干涉受援国内政，充分尊重受援国自主选择发展道路和模

3、式的权利。相互尊重、平等相待、重信守诺、互利共赢是中国对外援助的基本原则。When providing foreign assistance, China adheres to the principles of not imposing any political conditions, not interfering in the internal affairs of the recipient countries and fully respecting their right to independently choosing their own paths and models o

4、f development. The basic principles China upholds in providing foreign assistance are mutual respect, equality, keeping promise, mutual benefits and win-win. 近年来，中国对外援助规模持续增长，对外援助事业稳步发展。这里，就2010年至2012年的对外援助情况作一介绍。In recent years, Chinas foreign assistance has kept growing. The following is an introd

5、uction of Chinas foreign assistance from 2010 to 2012. 一、稳步发展对外援助事业 I. Developing Foreign Assistance Cause Steadily 2010年至2012年，中国对外援助规模持续增长。其中，成套项目建设和物资援助是主要援助方式，技术合作和人力资源开发合作增长显著。亚洲和非洲是中国对外援助的主要地区。为促进实现千年发展目标，中国对外援助资金更多地投向低收入发展中国家。The scale of Chinas foreign assistance kept expanding from 2010 to

6、2012. Besides complete projects and goods and materials, which were the main forms of Chinas foreign assistance, technical cooperation and human resources development cooperation also saw remarkable increases. Asia and Africa were the major recipient areas of Chinas foreign assistance. To promote th

7、e realization of Millennium Development Goals, China directed most of its assisting funds to low-income developing countries. （一）援助资金 1. Financial Resources for Foreign Assistance 2010年至2012年，中国对外援助金额为893.4亿元人民币。对外援助资金包括无偿援助、无息贷款和优惠贷款三种方式。From 2010 to 2012, China appropriated in total 89.34 billion

8、yuan （14.41 billion U.S. dollars） for foreign assistance in three types: grant （aid gratis）, interest-free loan and concessional loan. 无偿援助重点用于帮助受援国建设中小型社会福利项目以及实施人力资源开发合作、技术合作、物资援助和紧急人道主义援助等。三年中，中国对外提供无偿援助323.2亿元人民币，占对外援助总额的36.2%。Grant is mainly offered to help recipient countries build small or me

9、dium-sized social welfare projects, and to fund human resources development cooperation, technical cooperation, material assistance and emergency humanitarian aid. In the three years, China provided 32.32 billion yuan of grants, accounting for 36.2 percent of the total assistance volume. 无息贷款主要用于帮助受

10、援国建设社会公共设施和民生项目。三年中，中国对外提供无息贷款72.6亿元人民币，占对外援助总额的8.1%。Interest-free loan is mainly used to help recipient countries construct public facilities and launch projects to improve peoples livelihood. In the three years, China offered 7.26 billion yuan of interest-free loans, taking up 8.1 percent of its f

11、oreign assistance volume. 优惠贷款主要用于帮助受援国建设有经济社会效益的生产型项目、大中型基础设施项目，提供较大型成套设备、机电产品等。三年中，中国对外提供优惠贷款497.6亿元人民币，占对外援助总额的55.7%。Concessional loan is mainly used to help recipient countries undertake manufacturing projects and large and medium-sized infrastructure projects with economic and social benefits,

12、or for the supply of complete plants, machinery and electronic products. In the three years, the concessional loans China provided to other countries amounted to 49.76 billion yuan, or 55.7 percent of its total assistance volume in the same period. 援外预算资金由财政部按预决算制统一管理。优惠贷款本金由中国进出口银行通过市场筹措，贷款利率低于中国人民

13、银行公布的基准利率，由此产生的利息差额由国家财政补贴。Foreign assistance budget is put under the unified management of the Ministry of Finance in line with the budget and final accounts system. Concessional loans are raised by the Export-Import Bank of China on the market. As the loan interest is lower than the benchmark inte

14、rest released by the Peoples Bank of China, the difference is made up by the state as financial subsidies. （二）援助分布 2. Distribution of Foreign Assistance 2010年至2012年，中国共向121个国家提供了援助，其中亚洲地区30国，非洲地区51国，大洋洲地区9国，拉美和加勒比地区19国，欧洲地区12国。此外，中国还向非洲联盟等区域组织提供了援助。From 2010 to 2012, China provided assistance to 121

15、 countries, including 30 in Asia, 51 in Africa, nine in Oceania, 19 in Latin America and the Caribbean and 12 in Europe. Besides, China also provided assistance to regional organizations such as the African Union （AU）. （三）援助方式 3. Forms of Foreign Assistance 2010年至2012年，中国对外援助方式主要包括援建成套项目、提供一般物资、开展技术

16、合作和人力资源开发合作、派遣援外医疗队和志愿者、提供紧急人道主义援助以及减免受援国债务等。From 2010 to 2012, China provided foreign assistance mainly in the following forms: undertaking complete projects, providing goods and materials, conducting technical cooperation and human resources development cooperation, dispatching medical teams and v

17、olunteers, offering emergency humanitarian aid, and reducing or exempting the debts of the recipient countries. 援建成套项目。中国共在80个国家建设成套项目580个，重点集中于基础设施和农业等领域。Complete projects. In total, China undertook the construction of 580 such projects in 80 countries, with infrastructure and agriculture as the fo

18、cus. 提供一般物资。中国共向96个国家和地区提供物资援助424批，主要包括办公用品、机械设备、检测设备、交通运输工具、生活用品、药品以及医疗设备等。Goods and materials. China provided 96 countries and regions with 424 batches of goods and materials, including mainly office supplies, mechanical equipment, inspection equipment, transport vehicles, articles for daily use,

19、medicine and medical devices. 开展技术合作。中国共在61个国家和地区完成技术合作项目170个，主要涉及工业生产和管理、农业种植养殖、文化教育、体育训练、医疗卫生、清洁能源开发、规划咨询等领域。Technical cooperation. China completed 170 technical cooperation projects in 61 countries and regions, mainly covering industrial production and management, agricultural planting and breedi

20、ng, culture and education, sports and physical training, medical and health care, clean energy development, and planning and consultation. 开展人力资源开发合作。中国在国内举办1951期培训班，其中包括官员研修班、技术人员培训班、在职学历教育项目等，为其他发展中国家培训人员49148名。Human resources development cooperation. China held 1,951 training sessions for officia

21、ls and technical personnel and on-the-job academic education programs in China, training a total of 49,148 people from other developing countries. 派遣援外医疗队。中国向54个国家派遣55支援外医疗队，共计3600名医护人员，开展定点或巡回医疗服务，诊治患者近700万人次。Medical teams. China dispatched 55 teams composed of 3,600 medical personnel to 54 countri

22、es to provide stationed or touring medical services, treating nearly seven million patients. 派遣志愿者。中国向60多个国家派遣青年志愿者和汉语教师志愿者近7000名。Volunteer programs. China sent about 7,000 young volunteers and volunteer Chinese language teachers to over 60 countries. 提供紧急人道主义援助。中国向30余个国家提供紧急人道主义援助，包括物资和现汇援助，价值约15亿元

23、人民币。Emergency humanitarian aid. China extended 1.5 billion yuan worth of materials and cash assistance in emergency humanitarian aid to more than 30 countries. 减免受援国债务。中国免除坦桑尼亚、赞比亚、喀麦隆、赤道几内亚、马里、多哥、贝宁、科特迪瓦、苏丹等9个最不发达国家和重债穷国共计16笔到期无息贷款债务，累计金额达14.2亿元人民币。Debt relief. China relieved nine LDCs and heavily

24、indebted poor countries, namely, Tanzania, Zambia, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Mali, Togo, Benin, Cote dIvoire and Sudan, from 16 mature interest-free loans totaling 1.42 billion yuan. 二、推动民生改善 II. Helping Improve Peoples Livelihood 支持其他发展中国家减少贫困和改善民生，是中国对外援助的主要内容。中国重点支持其他发展中国家促进农业发展，提高教育水平，改善医疗服务，

25、建设社会公益设施，并在其他国家遭遇重大灾害时及时提供人道主义援助。One of the important objectives of Chinas foreign assistance is to support other developing countries to reduce poverty and improve the livelihood of their peoples. China prioritizes supporting other developing countries to develop agriculture, enhance education leve

26、l, improve medical and health services and build public welfare facilities, and provide emergency humanitarian aid when they suffer severe disasters. （一）促进农业发展 1. Promoting Agricultural Development 农业发展对发展中国家减少贫困至关重要。中国通过援建农业技术示范中心、派遣农业专家提供咨询和开展技术合作、培训农业技术和管理人员等方式，积极帮助其他发展中国家提高农业生产能力，有效应对粮食危机。2010年至

27、2012年，中国对外援建49个农业项目，派遣1000多名农业技术专家，并提供大量农业机械、良种、化肥等农用物资。Agricultural development is crucial to poverty reduction in developing countries. Through establishing agricultural technology demonstration centers, dispatching agricultural experts to provide consultations and conduct technical cooperation, a

28、nd training technical and managerial personnel on agriculture in other developing countries, China has taken proactive efforts to help other developing countries raise their agricultural productivity to effectively cope with food crises. From 2010 to 2012, China assisted 49 agricultural projects, di

29、spatched over 1,000 agricultural experts to recipient countries, and provided them with a great quantity of machinery, improved varieties of grain, fertilizers and other agricultural materials. 援建农业技术示范中心。农业技术示范中心是中国在农业领域开展对外援助的重要平台。2010年至2012年，中国在贝宁、莫桑比克、苏丹、利比里亚、卢旺达、老挝、东帝汶等17国援建的农业技术示范中心陆续竣工。中国通过试验

30、、示范、培训等多种方式，将先进适用的农业生产技术推广给当地民众。利比里亚农业技术示范中心推广杂交水稻和玉米种植面积近千公顷，培训当地农业科研人员和农民千余人次。卢旺达农业技术示范中心开展菌草、稻谷等种类的适应性研究、试验和示范工作，注意结合当地传统农业，并将技术培训推广至卢旺达妇女协会、稻谷种植协会等机构。Assisting the establishment of agricultural technology demonstration centers. Such centers provide an important platform for Chinas foreign assist

31、ance in agriculture. From 2010 to 2012, China-assisted agricultural demonstration centers were completed in 17 countries, including Benin, Mozambique, Sudan, Liberia, Rwanda, Laos, and East Timor. China passed on advanced and applicable production technologies to local farmers through experiment, demonstration and training. The demonstration center in Liberia promoted hybrid rice and corn planting in areas of nearly 1,000 hectares, and trained over 1,000 local agricultural researchers and farmers. The demonstration center in Rwanda researched, experimented on an