1、但by表示动作、行为的方式,如:to pay by cheque用支票付款;to travel by plane乘飞机旅行。而文章显然不能说“宇航员获得实验室飞行器的方式是(乘坐)航天飞机”。with除了表示“(为做某事)借助工具或手段”之外,它还可意为having or carrying sth有,具有,带有,如:With your help, I might finish the work ahead of time.有了你的帮助,我也许可以提前完成工作。with带入文中表示“有了航天飞机,宇航员就有了实验室飞行器”,符合逻辑,所以D为最合适选项。2. A capable 有能力的,能够
2、B suitable 适合的,适宜的C efficient 效率高的,有能力的D fit(质量、素质或技能)适合的,合格的固定搭配从语法上看,只有Acapable能够形成capable of doing的结构。如:Our noses are capable of detecting human smells even when these are diluted to far below one part in one million. 即使把人类气味的浓度稀释到不及原来的百万分之一,我们的鼻子仍然能够察觉到它的存在。它代入文中,形容词短语capable of 做后置定语,修饰名词a work
3、house vehicle,表示“能够的实验室飞行器”。suitable和fit一般与for 连用,如:This program is not suitable for children. 这个节目儿童不宜。It was a meal fit for a king. 这饭菜够得上御膳。efficient通常跟at,如:Hes efficient at his job. 他胜任工作。 3. A Served 由提供服务 B Powered 由提供动力C Forced 被强迫 D Reinforced 被加强,加固解析此题考核知识点:上下文意思+ 动词词义辨析空格所在部分是过去分词短语做状语 by
4、 reusable rockets,由于句子的主语是the shuttle,因此空格处填入的过去分词与主语(即,其逻辑主语)之间存在被动关系。因此该部分的含义是:“航天飞机被可重复使用的火箭”。从选项的含义来看,只有powered符合逻辑,表示“可重复使用的火箭为航天飞机提供动力”。因此B正确。4. A farB wellC muchD long解析本题考核知识点:句意理解+ 短语含义辨析四个词都可以形成asas的结构,仅从语法无法做出选择。从短语意思来看,as far as 意为“最多”,用来表示所能到达的最远范围或距离,如:Ill drive you to as far as the th
5、eatre. 我最远把你载到剧院。as well as意为in addition to“除.也”,如:She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她既是个摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。as much as意为“最多”,表示量,如:He doesnt earn as much as I do.他挣的钱不如我多。as long as意为only if“只要”或since“由于”,如:Well go as long as the weather is good. 只要天气好我们就去。As long as there is a de
6、mand for these drugs, the financial incentive for drug dealers will be there. 只要对这些毒品有需求,就存在对贩毒者的经济诱因。空格所在句大意为:航天飞机除了运送多种军用设备外,也要运送科学考察仪器,所以,B为合适选项。5. A Then B OrC ButD So逻辑关系对此题的解答需要正确理解空格前后句子的逻辑关系。上文提出了航天飞机的作用(携带科学探索设备、军事设备往返于太空),下文仍然指出它的其他作用(把材料和机器送入太空,以实现工业目的)。more significantly说明下文指出的是最重要的作用。所以
7、,此处所用连词应该表示递进的关系。四个选项中只有but能够表示转折递进的关系。正确选项为C。Athen表示顺接、追加、或因果关系,如,First cook the onions, then add the mushrooms. 先炒洋葱,然后放进蘑菇。She s been very busy at work and then there was all that trouble with her son.她工作一直很忙,另外还有儿子的一大堆麻烦事。Why dont you hire a car? Then you ll be able to visit more of the area.你怎么
8、不租辆车,那样你可以多参观些地方。Bor连接句子时表示“如果不,则会出现(不好的)结果”,如:Hurry up or youll be late. 快,否则你就要来不及了。Dso表示因果关系,如:It was snowing, and so I could not go out.天在下雪,所以我无法外出。6. A supply补给,供给 B introduce 介绍,推出C deliver 运送,输送 D transfer 转移,调转句子内部逻辑+动词词义辨析解此题的关键在于弄清楚航天飞机(it)、材料和机器(materials and machines)、和太空 (space)之间的联系。显
9、然,三者之间联系应为“航天飞机把材料和机器送到太空”。 C符合语义。7. A unimagined 无法想象的 B unsettled 未解决的,未定的C uncovered 被揭露的 Dunsolved 未解决的分词形容词辨析空格处填入过去分词形容词,做后置定语,修饰industrial purposes,相当于一个定语从句:(which are) two decades ago。空格所在句旨在说明航天飞机在工业方面的巨大作用。A代入后表示“航天飞机将会实现的工业目的在20年前是无法想象的,符合文意,为正确选项。C“20年前被揭露的目的”无法表达这一含义。其他项与purposes不搭配。8.
10、 A attributedB contributedC appliedD added动词词义辨析+搭配本题要求考生判断哪个动词可以与介词to搭配,并符合文义。四个选项都可以和to 搭配。所以,需要从语义方面考虑。add to意为“添加,增加”,如:Shall I add your name to the list? 我可以把你的名字写进名单吗?20年前sputnik(人造卫星)作为新词被添加到原有的词汇中,所以,Dadd既符合语法,又符合上下文内容,为正确选项。Aattribute sth to sth意为“认为属于,把归因于”,如:Not all that shift can be attr
11、ibuted to the movement out of the snowbelt, census officials say.人口普查官员说,并非所有这些人口迁移都是为了离开寒冷地带。B contribute sth to sth意为 “有助于,对做出贡献”,如:Her work has contributed much to our understanding of this difficult subject.她的著作十分有助于我们对这个困难问题的了解。Capply sth to sth意为“使用,应用”,如:The new technology was applied to farm
12、ing.这项新技术已应用于农业。9. A general 总体的,一般的 B essential 极其重要的,必不可少的C prevailing 流行的,蔓延的 D ultimate 根本的,最高的形容词的词义辨析及搭配空格所在句是对该段的总结,它指出,航天飞机的重要性在于它能作为经济工具的。题目要求考生判断哪个形容词能够importance连用,并符合文意。只有Dultimate可以与importance搭配,表示“最大的作用”。10. A promise (有成功或良好结果的)希望,前景 B prosperity 繁荣,昌盛C popularity流行,普及 D priority 优先权上
13、下文内容理解+名词词义辨析空格所在句的大意为:航天飞机的重大作用在于其作为经济工具的。代入后只有Apromise符合句意,为正确选项。11. A exceptional 例外的 B strange 奇怪的 C unique 独特的 D rare稀有的,罕见的近义词辨析四个词都有“与众不同”的意思,但侧重点不同。exceptional意为unusual and likely not to happen often,侧重“例外”。strange 侧重“奇怪”。unique 意为very special or unusual,强调“独特”。rare侧重“罕见,稀有”。而文中的“起飞时像火箭,降落时似
14、飞机”显然是航天飞机的“独特之处”,所以C为正确选项。12. A Thus 因此,于是 B Whereas 然而,却 C Nevertheless 尽管如此,还是D Yet 然而本题考核知识点:逻辑关系。本题空格处填入连词,体现本句与前一后之间的逻辑关系。可以先完成13、14题,使所在句子含义完整后再来做本题。上文提到,航天飞机的独特之处在于它“起飞时像火箭,降落时似飞机”,本句提到,航天飞机在完成任务后就可以准备开始两周后的旅程。thus表示因果关系,如:It was already rather late, thus we decide to go home.已经相当晚了,所以我们决定回家
15、。whereas表示对比,如:Wise men love truth, whereas fools shun it.智者热爱真理,愚者回避真理。nevertheless表示让步,如:The experiment failed. It was, nevertheless, worth making.试验没有成功,尽管如此,还是值得做的。yet表示转折,如:She is vain and foolish, and yet people like her.她自负而愚蠢,然而人们喜欢她。根据文意,A更恰当,两句之间为因果关系:因为有这个特点,所以能很快开始新的旅程。13. A venture 冒险,可
16、能遭受危险或损失的事业 Bmission 任务,使命C commission委托,托办之事 D responsibility 责任近义名词辨析。航天飞机在完成后就可以做好准备开始两周后的新旅程。用Bmission“任务”一词来形容航天飞机所完成的工作最恰当,而且accomplish a mission为常用搭配。14. A newB anotherC certainD subsequent本题考核知识点 可数名词和修饰语的搭配本题中的四个选项从意义上都可行。但是,语法结构上看,只有Banother可直接接可数名词,trip若和其他项的形容词搭配,可数名词trip之前应加冠词,如:a new t
17、rip, a certain trip, a subsequent trip。15. A forB byC inD through介词的搭配从词义来看,Afor表示目的,“为了”。Bby和Dthrough表示通过某种方法、手段。Cin+doing表示“在某一方面”。本句大意为:宇宙飞船是在把不可能变为可能这一方面迈出的重要的一步。所以,只有C符合上下文意。a big/magnificent step in doing经常被用来表示“在方面取得了重大突破”。全文翻译美国的航天飞机是太空实现工业化的关键。有了航天飞机,宇航员有了可以多次往返于太空和地球之间的实验室飞行器。由载重65,000磅的可重
18、复使用的火箭提供动力,航天飞机将携带科学探索设备,还有各种各样的军事设备往返于太空。更重要的是,它将把一些材料和机器送入太空,以实现某些工业目的,而这些目的在20年前“人造卫星”这个字眼刚刚出现时还无法想象。总之,航天飞机的重要性在于其作为经济工具所带来的美好前景。航天飞机的独特之处在于它起飞时像火箭,降落时如飞机。正因如此,航天飞机在完成任务后就可以准备开始两周后的旅程。航天飞机是世界上第一艘真正的宇宙飞船。它是为了人类的生存和利益而变不可能为可能的道路上迈出的辉煌的一步。Part Reading ComprehensionPart AEach of the passages below i
19、s followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)Passage 1It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern
20、life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the drivers seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and inc
21、onsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. (Perhaps the situation calls for a “Be Kind to Other Drivers” campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.)Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed an
22、d good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgment in response to an act of politeness helps to create an
23、atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgments of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are
24、the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The sa
25、me goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traf
26、fic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists cant even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of roadsmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that the car ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.文章结构总体分析本文主要讲述了交通问题的缘起(司机的不恰当行为)及解决办法。第一段为第一部分:司机缺乏礼貌是马路问题的罪魁祸首。第二、三段为第二部分:文明驾驶有助于改善交通状况,但滥用礼
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