中考介词专题讲解及练习.doc

1、介词 I. 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。II. 介词归类大全 一、表示地理位置的介词： (1)at ,in, on, to at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在附近，旁边” in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻，接壤 to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤 例句：He arrived the station at ten. He is sitting the desk. He a

2、rrived Shanghai yesterday. Jiangsu lies the east of China. Russia lies the north of China. Fujian is the south of Jiangsu Province.注意:表示“树上有”时，in和on有区别。用on表示这个事物属于树的一部分，但是用in表示这个事物在树上，并不属于树的一部分。练习：There is an apple the tree and a bird the tree. (2)above, over, on 在上 above 指在上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对； ove

3、r指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on表示某物体上面并与之接触。 例句：The bird is flying my head. There is a bridge the river. He put his watch the desk. (3)below, under 在下面 under表示在正下方 below表示在下，不一定在正下方 例句 There is a cat the table. Please write your name the line. 二、表示时间的介词： (1)in , on，at 在时 in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代

4、、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。 如：in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in the night, in ones life , in ones thirties等。 on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚。 如：on May 1st, on Monday, on New Years Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 at表示某一时刻或较

5、短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。 如: at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of , at Christmas， at night, at noon, at this moment等。 注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day.练习：1Tim is going to give his father a surprise _ Fathers Day（）AinBatConDB

6、y2Some people are used to getting up late _ a cold morning（）AonBinCatDof (2)in, after 在之后 “in +一段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后； “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后； “after+将来时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。 例句：My mother will come back in three or four days. He arrived after five months. She will appear after five oclock this afternoon. 练习：1J

7、unior high school days will be over _ a weekHow are you feeling？Im trying to keep my cool because weve been together _ three years（）Ain；inBfor；inCin；forDfor；for (3)from, since 自从 from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久； since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常与完成时连用。 例句：He studied the piano the age of three. They have lived her

8、e 1978. (4)after, behind 在之后 after主要用于表示时间； behind主要用于表示位置。 例句：We shall leave lunch. Lucy is hiding an old house.三、表运动方向的介词： across, through 通过，穿过 across表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关； through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关。 例句：She swam the river. He walked the forest.练习：1Dad，can we walk_the road now？No，we_We have to wait u

9、ntil the light turns green（）Aacross；needntBacross；mustntCthrough；cantDthrough；mustnt 四、表示“在之间”的介词： between, among between指在两个人或两个事物之间； among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。 例句：There is a football match Class One and Class Two on the playground. The teacher is standing the students. 五、表示其他意义的介词： (1)on ,about 关于 on

10、表示这本书，这篇文章或演说是严肃的，或学术性的，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读； about表示内容较为普通，不那么正式。 例句：There will be a lecture economics this afternoon. He is writing a book cooking. He told me a lot his life in the summer vocation. (2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具 by 以方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具； with 表示用 工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段； in 表示用方式，用语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等； 例句：He

11、makes a living selling newspapers. He broke the window a stone. The foreigner spoke to us English. (3)except, besides 除了 except 除之外，不包括在内； besides 除之外，包括在内。 例句： Mr. Wang, we went to see the film.(王先生没去) Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film.(王先生也去了)练习：1Are your teacher hard _ all of you？_ Jerry，bec

12、ause he is much younger than others（）Awith，ExceptBon，ExceptCin，BesidesDon， Besides一、 单项选择1What do you know about the cartoon？Well，it became very popular in western countries_ when the creator of it was only_（）Ain 1990s，in his twentiesBin the 1990s，in his twentiesCin the 1990，in his twentyDin 1990，in the twenties2What can I do for you？I hope I have a nice house_a big garden behind it（）AofB