高考英语 阅读理解 培优练习含答案及答案1Word下载.docx

1、The process also produces fuel as a by-product, which could also have industrial applications.（1）What can we know about the previous carbon capture methods? A.People have to inject liquid to the gas.B.The previous methods can be done easily.C.The previous methods are not very popular.D.People have w

2、idely accepted previous methods.（2）What is the special part of the new method?It needs electricity to make the process efficient.It can be done in any kind of container.It doesnt need extreme temperature.It can produce much solid carbon.（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph?The method will ma

3、ke fossil oil disappear.The method will influence the future industry.The method will make developed countries more powerful.The method will be used to make new vehicles.（4）What is the best title for the passage?How to change carbon into CO2.A new carbon capture technology.A new technology to get us

4、eful carbon.Australia makes the world cleaner than before.【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的碳捕获技术的原理，优点和对未来工业的影响。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks.”可知之前技术的广泛应用受到了经济和环境方面的限制。故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据

5、第四段中的“What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature.”可知新技术独特的地方是整个过程可以在室温条件下进行。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“which opens up a world of possibilities； it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles和 which could also have industrial applications”可知这种技术的产

6、物开辟了很多新的可能，可以被变成超级电池为未来车辆供能，过程中的副产品可以作为燃料应用到工业中，由此推测该技术会对未来的工业产生巨大影响。故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide ”和下文讲述的内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的碳捕获方法的原理和优点及其影响。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根

7、据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 A recent study finds that the dirt on the ground is likely to worsen climate change. Researchers have shown that warmer temperatures are heating the soil, which is causing microbes （微生物） to become more active and release more of the soils carbon into the atmosp

8、here. These soil changes can potentially contribute to even higher temperatures. Scientists studied device readings, soil measurements, plant growth details and satellite observations from around the world. Their work is the most complete study on the subject. They found a sharp increase in carbon r

9、eleased into the atmosphere by bacteria and fungi （真菌） in soil from 1990 to 2014. Researchers explain that the carbon comes from the dead plants and leaves the microbes eat. As temperatures rise, the microbes eat more. And the more they eat, the more carbon can be made into carbon dioxide and releas

10、ed into the atmosphere. This uncontrolled cycle speeds up and intensifies climate change. Overall, soil releases about nine times more carbon than human activities. But that is part of a natural cycle: the amount of carbon released into the air is about equal to the carbon oceans and plants take in.

11、 However, carbon released from fossil fuel causes an imbalance. Burning coal, oil and natural gas puts more carbon into the atmosphere than nature can take in. The additional carbon heats the air and soil. And as the air and soil get hotter, the earth will release more carbon than it has been holdin

12、g. If something isnt done, we are really in trouble. Proper soil conservation can help keep more carbon in soil. Conservation methods include avoiding turning the soil, covering off-season crops and leaving crop deposits on the ground.（1）Which word can best describe the scientists research data?A.Ri

13、ch.B.Rare.C.Limited.D.Difficult.（2）What does the underlined word intensifies in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Causes.B.Demands.C.Strengthens.D.Shows.（3）What mainly causes the soils temperature to rise?A.Active bacteria.B.Human activities.C.The overuses of soil.D.The wastes of fossil fuels.（4）What can be a suit

14、able title for the passage?A.Warmer soil and more carbon.B.The soil and the environment.C.The microbes and the temperatures.D.Hotter air and warmer environment.【答案】 （1）A（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类燃烧燃料造成的土壤变化可能导致地球更高的温度。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Scientists studied device readings, soil measurements, plant g

15、rowth details and satellite observations from around the world. Their work is the most complete study on the subject.”科学家们研究了来自世界各地的设备读数、土壤测量、植物生长细节和卫星观测数据。他们的工作是对这一课题最全面的研究。故选A。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“This uncontrolled cycle speeds up and intensifies climate change.”可知，and 为并列连词，即intensifies应与之前的speeds

16、up 为同义词。speed up 意为“加速”，C项strengthen 意为“加强；增强”可为同义词。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“However, carbon released from fossil fuel causes an imbalance. Burning coal, oil and natural gas puts more carbon into the atmosphere than nature can take in. The additional carbon heats the air and soil. And as the air and soil

17、get hotter, the earth will release more carbon than it has been holding”然而，化石燃料释放的碳造成了不平衡。燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气向大气中排放的碳超过了自然所能吸收的量。额外的碳使空气和土壤升温。随着空气和土壤变得越来越热，地球释放出的碳将超过它所承受的量。可知，人类的一系列燃烧燃料的行为是土壤温度上升的主要原因。根据第一段中的“soil changes can potentially contribute to even higher temperatures.”中间段落进行阐述分析原因和结果。末段提出了“Proper

18、soil conservation can help keep more carbon in soil.”并提供了建议。因此标题关键词需有 soil, carbon等核心词。A项Warmer soil and more carbon.符合分析。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 It started during a yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a feeling co

19、mpletely foreign to her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It turned out that she was having a heart attack. She didnt share similar symptoms with someone who was likely to have a heart attack. She exercised, watched her plate and did not smoke. But on reviewing her medical histor

20、y, I found that her cholesterol （胆固醇） level was sky-high. She had been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering statin （他汀） medication, but she never picked up the prescription because of the scary things she had read about statins on the Internet. She was the victim of fake medical news. While misinformat

21、ion has been the object of great attention in politics, medical misinformation might lead to an increase in deaths. As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the Internetand they have very real bad consequences. False medical information can also lead t

22、o patients experiencing greater side effects through the nocebo effect （反安慰剂效应） . Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention （干预） simply because they believe they willthats the placebo effect （安慰剂效应）. The nocebo effect is the opposite. Patients can experience harmful effects because they antici

23、pate them. This is very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to di

24、scontinue the drugs. What else is on the fake news hit list? As always, vaccines （疫苗） . False concerns that the vaccine may cause side effects have greatly reduced coverage rates. Cancer is another big target for pushers of medical misinformationmany of whom refuse alternative therapies. Though most

25、 people think cancer tumors are bad, theyre actually the way your body attempts to contain the harmful cells, one fake news story reads. It warns that prescription medications lead to the uncontrolled cell mutations （变异） . Silicon Valley needs to face this problem. I am not a free-speech lawyer, but

26、 when human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. Meanwhile, journalists should do a better job of spreading accurate information.（1）We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _. the woman paid little attention to her daily dietsthe unhealthy lifestyle might lead to the womans heart attackthe symptom of the heart attack was familiar to the womanthe woman didnt take the prescription due to fake medical news（2）According to the passage, the