初一知识总结Word文件下载.docx

1、4. 冠词的基本用法； 5. There be句型的用法。【名师讲解】1. in/on 在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如： There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。 There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。2. this/that/these/those （1）this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。 You look in this box

2、and Ill look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。 I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。 Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。 This is mine; thats yours. 这个是我的，那个是你的。 These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子。 （2）在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。 This is Mary speakin

3、g. Whos that? 我是玛丽。你是谁？3. There be/ haveThere be 有，其确切含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物。其结构是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语，be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。（1） There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。（2） There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。（3） There are many a

4、pples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。总之，There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的。have表示拥有，占有，具有，即：某人有某物（sb. have / has sth.）。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。（4） I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。（5） That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。4. look/ see/ watch （1）look 表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如：Look! The chil

5、dren are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。 Whats that over there? 看！那边那个是什么？单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：Hes looking at me。他正在看着我。（2）see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么？Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？

6、（3）watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。4. put on/ / in put on意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。in 是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。Its cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。He puts on his hat and goes out.

7、他戴上帽子，走了出去。The woman in a white blouse is Johns mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。5. house/ home/familyhouse ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“，“家庭成员”。Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。He is not at home. 他不在家。My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。6. fine, nice, good, wel

8、l四者都可用作形容词表示好之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于： （1） fine指物时表示的是质量上的精细，形容人时表示的是身体健康，也 可以用来指天气晴朗Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。Thats a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。Its a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。（2）nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有美好，漂亮的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别人。Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice.

9、那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。s very nice of you. 你真好。（3）good形容人时指品德好，形容物时指质量好，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。（4）well只可用来形容人的身体好，但不能作定语，它也能用作副词作状语，多放在所修饰的动词之后。Im very well, thanks. 我身体很好，谢谢。My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要

10、集中在：2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；5. There be句型的用法。6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。【中考范例】1. （2004年北京市中考试题） Mary, please show _ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语，空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。2. （2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题） _ orange on the des

11、k is for you, Mike. A. A B.An C. / D. The该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子，所以用定冠词the。3. （2004年哈尔滨市中考试题） -What _ the number of the girls in your class? -About twenty. A. is B. am C. are D. be【解析】答案A。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。the number作主语，应该是单数第三人称。动词be变为is。4. （2004年陕西省中考试题） There _ a football match on TV this ev

12、ening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to haveB。该题考查的是There be句型和动词have用法区别。There be句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”，不能和动词have混在一起用。【满分演练】一. 单项填空1. -What colour is the bike? -Its _ orange. A. an B. a D. the2. That isnt her bag. Its _. A. my B. I C. mine3. -Oh, your kite is very nice. -_. A. T

13、hats right B. No, its not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you4. The woman is sixty, but she _ young. A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches5. Its time _ lunch. Lets go home. A. to B. in C. for D. on6. -_ is your coat? -The black one. A. What B. Where C. Which D. How7. -_ is the toy? -Its on the bed. A. Who C

14、. What D. Whose8. The shoes are too old. Put _ over there. A. it B. they C. their D. them9. Excuse me. Can you _ my watch, please? A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at10. Look _ the blackboard and listen _ the teacher. A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after11. -Whose dress is this? -Its

15、_. A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Jim D. Jims12. The girl _ the purple coat is his sister. A. at C. on D. with13. There is a bird _ the tree. A. in B. on C. to D. of14. There are many _ in our school. A. woman teachers B. woman teacher C. women teacher D. women teachers15. -Is there a ball under the desk? -_.

16、A. Yes, it is B. Yes, theres C. No, there isnt D. No, there is16. There _ some books and a pencil on the desk. A. am B. is17. -Let me help you. -_. A. Youre welcome B. Thanks very much C. Dont worry D. Yes, thanks18. _ old man is _ English teacher. A. The; an B. An; C. The; the D. A; a19. -What _ fi

17、ve plus six? -Its eleven. A. am D. /20. -What _ you see in the picture? -I can see some flowers. A. must B. can D. do二. 完形填空 This is a picture of Kats _1_. What can we _2_ in the picture? Look _3_ it, please. The man _4_ the black coat is Kates father, Mr. Green. The _5_ in the red sweater is Mrs. G

18、reen. They _6_ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kates _7_, Jim. _8_ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, hes _9_ brother, Mr. Read. He _10_ young, too.1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers2. A. look B. do C. see D.put3. A. at B. after D. up4. A. on B. of C. in D. to5. A. man B. girl C.

19、 women D. woman6. A. are C. look like D. looking7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt8. A. Whats B. Wheres C. Whos D. How is9. A. his B. her C. our D. their10. A. looks C. look D. very三. 在B栏中找出A栏英语句子的正确答语 （A） （B）1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.3.

20、How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.5. Whats two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.7. How old are you? G. Wang Ping is.8. Whos not here? H. Its here.9. Where is the bag? I. Its a book.10. What is this in English? J. How do you

21、do?四. 完成对话：在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填入空白处Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?Ann: Let me have a look._1_. I think its Sams. My dog is brown. Sam, look at the dog behind the tree._2_?Sam: Sorry, it isnt mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Marys. _3_? Shes my friend. Look

22、! Shes over there. Lets go and ask her. _4_. Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?Mary: _5_. Its a lovely dog! Dont lose it! Yes, thank you.A. Whos Mary B. OK, lets go C. Oh, no its not mine D. Oh, yes. Its mine E. Is it yours五. 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. _ （He） pen is in _ （I） pencil-box.2. _ （You） shoes _ （be） under t

23、he bed.3. _ （Who） new ruler is this?4. -Are these trousers _ （you）? -No, they arent _ （we）5. Its time _ （go） and play games.6. This is my pen. Please give it to _ （I）.7. I have two _ （baby）.8. Look! That is a _ （China） car.9. It is _ （my teacher） sweater.10. Now her _ （ parent） are in America.六. 阅读理

24、解 （A） Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He