中医英语课后答案121课 李照国Word文档格式.docx

1、9. classical Chinese philosophy10. sweating therapy; diaphoresis11. purgation12. vomiting therapy; emetic therapy13. the School of Reinforcing the Earth14. etiology15. prescription; formula16. medical practice17. therapeutic principles18. herbs cold and cool in nature19. nourishing yin and reducing

2、fire20. diseases caused by blood stagnation二 句子翻译1. TCM has a history of thousands of years and is a summary of the Chinese peoples experience in their struggle against diseases.2. TCM has a unique and integrated theoretical system.3. TCM is a science that studies the rules of life as well as the oc

3、currence, progress, prevention and treatment of diseases.4. Yellow Emperors Canon of Medicine has laid a solid foundation for the formation of theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine.5. Classic of Difficulties has supplemented what was unaddressed in the Yellow Emperors Canon of Medicine

4、in many respects, especially in pulse lore.6. Discussion on the Causes and Symptoms of Various Diseases is the earliest extant monograph on the causes and symptoms of diseases in China.7. Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.8. Internal impairment of the spleen and stomach cau

5、ses various diseases.9. Compendium of Materia Medica is recognized as a monumental work in the history of Chinese materia medica and a great contribution to the development of pharmacology in the world.10. Traditional Chinese materia medica includes not only medicinal herbs, but also minerals and an

6、imal parts.11. In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there appeared the so-called four great medical schools.12. Zhang Congzheng believed that all diseases were caused by exogenous pathogenic factors and advocated that pathogenic factors should be driven out by means of diaphoresis, emesis and purgation. 1

7、3. Liu Wansu believed that “fire-heat” was the main cause of a variety of diseases and that these diseases should should be treated with drugs cold and cool in nature.14. Li Gao held that “internal impairment of the spleen and stomach would bring about diseases” and emphasized that the most importan

8、t thing in clinical treatment was to warm and invigorate the spleen and stomach.15. Zhu Danxi believed that “yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient” and advocated the remedies of nourishing yin and reducing fire in treatment of diseases. 16. Study on Warm Disease is a clinical s

9、pecialty focusing on the occurrence, progress, diagnosis and treatment of warm diseases.17. The School of Warm Disease has developed the rules of treatment of warm disease based on syndrome differentiation in light of defensive phase, qi phase, nutritive phase, blood phase and triple energizer.18. W

10、ang Qingren in the late Qing Dynasty corrected mistakes about anatomy made in ancient medical books and advocated the theory that diseases were caused by blood stagnation.19. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine has paved a new way for the development and modernization of traditional

11、Chinese medicine.20. Great progress has been made in systematic and experimental study of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine.第二课1. five zang-organs; five zang-viscera2. six fu-organs3. system of meridians and collaterals4. holism5. organic wholenss6. social attribute7. （of the five zan

12、g-organs） open into8. sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store9. diagnostics10. relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi11. therapeutics12. common cold due to wind and cold13. different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease14. the same therapeutic method used to treat diff

13、erent diseases15. balance of water metabolism16. clearing away heart fire17. nature of disease18. treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side19. drawing yang from yin20. treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part1. The theoretical system of TCM is

14、mainly characterized by holism and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.2. TCM believes that the human body is an organic whole.3. The constituent parts of the human body are interdependent in physiology and mutually influential in pathology.4. The holism permeates through the physiology, pat

15、hology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment of diseases.5. Changes in the natural world directly or indirectly influence the human body.6. Qi and blood in the human body tend to flow to the exterior in spring and summer and to the interior in autumn and winter.7. The heart opens into t

16、he tongue and is internally and externally related to the small intestine.8. TCM has noticed that the fact that social activity psychologically influences human beings.9. According to TCM, the body and spirit coexist, interacting with each other and influencing each other.10. Yang qi in the human bo

17、dy tends to flow to the exterior in the daytime and to the interior at night.11. Regional differences, to some extent, influences the physiological activities of the human body.12. Syndrome is a generalization of pathological changes at a certain stage during the course of a disease.13. Treatment ba

18、sed on syndrome differentiation, one of the characteristics of TCM, is the basic principle in TCM for understanding and treating diseases.14. Syndrome includes the location, cause and nature of a disease as well as the state of pathogenic factors and healthy qi.15. Differentiation of syndrome and tr

19、eatment of disease are two inseparable aspects in diagnosing and treating diseases.16. Clinically doctors pay great attention to the differentiation of diseases. But therapeutically they care more about the differentiation of syndromes because diseases can be cured by treating syndromes. 17. Syndrom

20、e can comprehensively and accurately reveal the nature of a disease.18. Different diseases may demonstrate the same syndrome because of the similarity in pathogenesis.19. If the syndrome of middle qi sinking appears in two different diseases, they all can be treated by the therapeutic method for ele

21、vating middle qi.20. The treatment of diseases in TCM does not only simply concentrate on the difference or similarity of diseases, but on the difference or similarity of pathogenesis.第三课一术语翻译1. philosophical concept2. mutual transformation3. balance of yin and yang4. transformation between yin and

22、yang5. extreme cold turning into heat6. pathological changes7. absolute predominance 8. general rule of pathogenesis9. supplementing what it lacks of10. eliminating wind and dispersing cold11. mutually inhibiting and promoting12. mutually inhibiting and restraining13. interdependence14. excess of yi

23、n leading to decline of yang15. contrary and supplementary to each other16. organic whole17. impairment of yang involving yin18. deficiency of both yin and yang19. deficiency cold syndrome20. suppressing yang and eliminating wind三 句子翻译1. Yin and yang are two concepts in classical Chinese philosophy.

24、2. Yin and yang are the summarization of the attributes of two opposite aspects of interrelated things or phenomena in nature.3. The formation, development and changes of all things in the universe are the result of the movement of yin and yang that oppose to each other and unite with each other.4.

25、The celestial qi pertains to yang because it is light and lucid, while the terrestrial qi pertains to yin because it is heavy and turbid.5. The course of mutual restraint and inhibition between yin and yang signifies their progress in mutual reduction and promotion.6. Yin cannot exist alone without

26、yang and vice versa.7. Separation of yin and yang results in exhaustion of essence.8. Only through constant reduction, growth and balance can the normal development of things be maintained.9. Under given conditions, either yin or yang may transform into its counterpart.10. Sprout of things signifies

27、 transformation while extreme development of things indicates change. 11. Yin and yang are indispensable the human body.12. Functions pertain to yang while substances to yin.13. If yin and yang fail to promote each other and are thus separated from each other, it will lead to the end of life.14. No

28、matter how complicated pathological changes of a disease are, they are nothing more than relative predominance of yin or yang.15. The so-called healthy qi refers to the structure and functions of the body, including body resistance against diseases.16. If any part of the body, either yin or yang, be

29、comes deficient to a certain extent, it will inevitably lead to insufficiency of the other part.17. Imbalance between yin and yang is the intrinsic factor responsible for the occurrence and progress of a disease.18. The manifestations of complexion can tell whether a disease pertains to yin or yang

30、in nature.19. The basic therapeutic principle is to supplement insufficiency and reduce excess.20. Only when appropriate herbs are chosen can excellent therapeutic effects be ensured.第四课1. the doctrine of five elements; the theory of five phases2. free development 3. to be generated and to generate4

31、. restraint in generation5. Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally.6. Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping.7. Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing.8. over restriction and counter-restriction9. Wood over restricts earth because it is deficient.10. promotion, restriction, inhibition and transformation11. disorder of a mother-organ i