第八讲 大学英语四级翻译解题技巧Word格式.docx

1、解题步骤: SvY大学英语四级考试网第一步：由it is not easy to可以推出，划线处应该接动词原形；SvY大学英语四级考试网第二步：划分成分“适应不同文化的生活”；SvY大学英语四级考试网核心谓语动词是“适应”，“不同文化的”作定语，“生活”作宾语；SvY大学英语四级考试网第三步：SvY大学英语四级考试网（1）切块对应翻译：“适应”=adapt; adapt to; adapt oneself to；“生活”=life；“不同文化的”=different culturesSvY大学英语四级考试网；（2）重新组合：adapt oneself to the life in differ

2、ent cultures。正确答案：adapt oneself to the life/living in different cultures SvY大学英语四级考试网2. The victim （本来会有机会活下来） if he had been taken to hospital in time.SvY大学英语四级考试网由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定应

3、该采取虚拟语气，是对过去的虚拟；SvY大学英语四级考试第二步：划分成分“本来会有机会活下来”SvY大学英语四级考试网，核心谓语动词是“本来有机会-”，“活下来”作宾语；“本来有机会-”= would have had a chance to do sth，“活下来”=surviveSvY大学英语四级考试网；would have had a chance to survive.SvY大学英语四级考试网would have had /stood a chance to survive/of survivalSvY大学英语四级考试网SvY大学英语四级考试网考察知识点：虚拟语气与过去相反的虚拟语气，从

4、句用had done，主句用would have doneSvY大学英语四级考试网有机会做某事：have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth-SvY大学英语四级考试网考生应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式：第一种：由 “ if ”引导的虚拟句子SvY大学英语四级考试网（1）. 与现在的事实相反：If - + were/did-, - + would do-SvY大学英语四级考试网If I were you, I would marry him. SvY大学英语四级考试网如果我是你,就会嫁给他。（2）. 与过去的事实相反：If - + had done-, - +woul

5、d have done-SvY大学英语四级考试网If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.SvY大学英语四级考试网如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。（3）. 与将来的事实可能相反：If -+ should do-, -+ would do-SvY大学英语四级考试网If it should rain tomorrow, what would you do?SvY大学英语四级考试网 如果明天下雨,你怎么办?第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中SvY大学英语四级考试网从句谓语形式为：“-（should ） + do sth

6、” （在美语中should常省去） 。类似用法的动词有：SvY大学英语四级考试网insist （坚持） , suggest （建议） , order（命令） , propose （建议） , demand （要求） , command （命令） , advise （建议） , desire （要求、请求） , request （请求） , require （需要、要求） , ask （要求） , prefer （宁愿）, recommend（推荐） , arrange （ 安排） , advocate （ 拥护、提倡） ,maintain（坚决主张）等后面的宾语从句中。第三种：在 “It is

7、 important （necessary, strange, natural） that .” 句型中，that从句中的谓语动词用should + 动词原形 其他类似的词还有“It + be + important （necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible

8、 , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等） + that -” SvY大学英语四级考试网第四种：用在It is time that - 结构中, 从句的动词必须用过去时以表示实际上还未做到，意思则指现在或将来，that一词可以省略，意思是“早该”或“该”。It is time （that） we went to bed .SvY

9、大学英语四级考试网咱们该睡觉了。注意: 1. time 前可加about （表示“大约”） 或high（表示“强调”） 等。2. it is time to do sth.表示“应该做某事了”、“是做某事的时候了”，例如：Its time for you to get a bath.通过对样题以及实考试题的分析，翻译题型有三大考点： Q9W大学英语四级考试网1. 固定搭配考点：这是翻译中的最为核心的考点，也是近几次命题密度最高的知识点，应该引起考生的高度重视。比如说名词与动词搭配，形容词与名词搭配，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配，更为重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定表达，这些都可能成为本次

10、考试的命题重点。例1：By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ （把孩子的成功归因于） natural talent.（大纲样题）。【考点剖析】这个题目就非常典型。有两个固定搭配考点：1）be likely to do sth ; 2） owe.to /attribute.to （把.归因于） Q9W大学英语四级考试网2. 核心语法考点：这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题考点的重现和转移，这一点要引起同学的重视，尽管词汇单选题现在不考了，但是还是不能忽视这部分题目，因为考点是一致的。核心语法考点最重要的虚拟语气，其次是倒装结构、从句知

11、识、倒装结构、非谓语动词等。The professor required that _（我们交研究报告） by Wednesday . Q9W大学英语四级考试网【考点剖析】本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握。Require后面接从句的时候，一定会虚拟语气，语法结构为require that +sb+should+动词原形。例2：Not only _ （他向我收费过高）, but he didnt do a good repair job either （大纲样题） Q9W大学英语四级考试网【考点剖析】本题同样为典型的语法考点。考查了考生对倒装结构这个特殊语法现象的掌握情况。句首

12、的Not only决定了倒装连接，下文用了过去时态，因此，这里需在he之前加did。所以答案应该为did he overcharge me。3. 核心动词以及动词短语的考查。Though a skilled worker, _（他被公司解雇了） last week because of the economic crisis . Q9W大学英语四级考试网【考点剖析】本题的重要考点就是考生对解雇这个核心动词的翻译。可以表示解雇的有dismiss, discharge, fire等。五条冲刺备考建议：1. 在进行翻译练习时，尽量力求翻译答案多样化，以便扩展思维，开阔思路，掌握重点核心表达。例：（为

13、了挣钱供我上学）_, mother often takes on more work than is good for her Q9W大学英语四级考试网【考点剖析】对于为了挣钱供我上学的表达，我们可以说To earn money for my education; To earn money for my schooling ; In order to make money to finance my education ; In order to make money to fund my education ; In order to earn money to afford my edu

14、cation等。Q9W大学英语四级考试网2. 绝对不能忽视以前词汇语法的单项选择题，尽量在以前的词汇题中挖掘新四级翻译考点 Q9W大学英语四级考试网The author was required to submit an abstract of about 200 words together with his research paper. Q9W大学英语四级考试网上面这道题是2004年1月份四级考试的一道词汇单选题，同学们不难发现，句中的submit（提交）这个考点词在2006年6月的新四级的翻译题中再次出现，这足以说明以前的词汇语法题目的考点与新题型中的翻译题考点具有延续性与继承性。这种

15、考点延续的例子很多，由于篇幅所限，就不一一列举，以下举几个典型例子，以前词汇题考点，在未来的翻译中很可能考到的，抛砖引玉，希望引起考生重视。3. 多背搭配，同时利用经典搭配多造句子，完善语法结构。同时可以提高自己的写作水平，一举两得。You will not be particular about your food in time of great hunger Q9W大学英语四级考试网【考点探究】be particular about your food（对食物挑剔）这个核心短语很可能成为翻译考点。除了这个表达外，还可以用be selective about your food 进行替换，

16、这就反映了表达的多样性。 Q9W大学英语四级考试网Q9W大学英语四级考试网4. 强化重点语法知识。如倒装结构、虚拟语气、比较结构、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等。5. 深度分析已考翻译试题，全面掌握挖掘潜在考点，学会举一反三。大学英语四级真题翻译常见考察点：1. 考查主语从句的用法：2009 0690. What many people havent realized is that Simon is a lover of sports, and football in particular.2008 1288. What most parents are concerned about i

17、s providing the best education possible for their children.2. 考查 Be likely to 的用法：89. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are more likely to put on/gain weight.2007 1288. In my sixties, one change I notice is that I am more likely to get tired than before/ I get tired more eas

18、ily than before3. 考查no matter what /whatever it is的用法：2008 0689 Leaving ones job, no matter what job it is/whatever job it is , is a difficult change , even for those who look forward to retiring .89. I am going to pursue this course, no matter what/whatever sacrifices I have to make .4. 考查定语从句的用法：8

19、7. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems to which they havent found answers so far/that they havent found answers to so far.2007 0688. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is the field where/in which we can cooperate.5. 考查decide to 的用法：20081290. Through the project, ma

20、ny people have received training and decided to start their own business.200706 89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete decided/determined/made a decision to quit/give up/drop out of the match.6. 考查虚拟语气的用法：2009 06 88. If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary wouldnt have been caught in the heavy

21、 rain.2006 12 89. The victim would have had a chance to survive if he had been taken to hospital in time.7. 考查must ，might 等的推测用法：2008 06 88. I cant boot my computer now. Something must be wrong with its operation system.90. Some psychologists claim that people might feel lonely when they are far fro

22、m home.8. 考查 in 的用法：87. Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had what many people havent realized in math and English.2006 06 87. Having spend some time in the city , he and no trouble （in） finding the way to the history museum.06-08年四级翻译真题分析08年12月87.Medical researchers are

23、 painfully aware that there are many problemsthat they havent found answers to （他们至今还没有答案）.88.What most parents are concerned about （大多数父母所关心的） is providing the best education possible for their children.89.Youd better take a sweater with you in case it turn（s） cold （以防天气变冷）.90.Throught the project,

24、 many people have received training and decided to start their own business （决定自己创业）.91.The anti-virus agent was not known until it was accidentally found by a doctor （直到一名医生偶然发现了它）.08年6月87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research can be applied to the development of the new technolo

25、gy （能应用于新技术的开发）.88. I cant boot my computer now. Something must be wrong （一定出了毛病） with its operation system.89. Leaving ones job, no matter what job it is / whatever job it is （无论是什么工作）, is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.90. Compared with the place where I grew up （与

26、我成长的地方相比）, this town is more prosperous and exciting.91. Not until he had finished the mission （直到他完成使命） did he realize that he was seriouslyill.07年12月87. Owing to / thanks to a series of new inventions （多亏了一系列的新发明），doctors can treat this disease successfully. 88. In my sixties, one change I notice

27、is that I am apt to / inclined to be more easily tired than before（我比以前更容易累了）.89. I am going to pursue this course, no matter what / whatever sacrifices I will make （无论我要作出什么样的牺牲）. 90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because the latter is more convenient and time-sav

28、ing （它更加方便和省时）.91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is weighed upon how much they can borrow （是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的）, not how much they can earn. 07年6月87. The finding of this study failed to take into account/consideration the quality of peoples sleep（将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内）.88. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is one field we can make joint efforts on/one field we can co-operate in（我们可以合作的领域）.89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete decided to give up/quit the match（决定退出比赛）.90. To make donations or for more information, please contact us at the following address（按以下地址和我们