二段生物接触氧化法处理城市污水评析Word文件下载.docx

1、由于二段法的第一段以生物吸附合成为主，且生物负荷和活性很高，对第二段起到了缓冲和保护作用，因此在BOD5、毒物、pH值冲击下生物膜受到的影响较小，而且恢复很快、出水水质好、运行稳定。3 水力停留时间短，具有脱氮功能二段法的生化组合池总停留时间一般控制在1.01.5h，比活性污泥法（48h）和氧化沟工艺（1520h）的要短得多；二段法还具有去除NH3-N的功能，对于一般的城市污水其去除率能达到50%80%。4 工艺流程简洁、设备少、工程投资低由于二段法没有污泥回流，也就不需设污泥回流泵房；又由于生化组合池除阀门外没有其他设备，所以整个二段法工艺流程简洁、设备少、工程投资低。3生物填料 填料的选择

2、是二段法的技术关键，填料质量的优劣直接影响着处理效能。笔者单位自行研制开发的两种质优价廉、分别适用于不同污水处理厂的生物填料的性能参数见表1。表1生物填料性能参数项目比表面积（m2/m3）空隙率密度（g/cm3）堆积密度（g/cm3）抗压强度（Pa）磨损率（%）使用年限（a）单价（元/m3）矿渣型2003000.30.51.31.50.60.8493810150200聚丙烯弹性填料0.80.90.650.20.319.6115204脱氮除磷效果 二段法对NH3-N的去除率与进水NH3-N的浓度、水力停留时间及气水比的关系见表2。表2两段法对NH3-N的去除效果进水NH3-N（mg/L）水力停留

3、时间（h）气水比去除率（%）1001.55110501001.03550305045601530507051531608057595二段法的除磷效果不太明显，虽然生物填料上附着的生物膜内部有一定的缺氧、厌氧区，但由于这些区域太小，不足以构成生物除磷的必备条件，所以污水中的磷主要由生物合成而得到部分去除，故其去除率很低。5技术经济分析 二段法同活性污泥法和氧化沟工艺的技术经济比较见表3。表3二段法与活性污泥法和氧化沟工艺技术经济比较活性污泥法氧化沟工艺二段法投资（元/m3）14001600900生产成本（元/m3）1.01（小型污水厂）30.77（中型污 水厂）1.08（小型污水厂）0.76（中

4、型污水厂）0.45（小型污水厂）运行费用（元/m3）0.85（小型污水厂）30.55 （中型污水厂）0.81（小型污水厂）30.50（中型污水厂）0.35（小型污水厂）占地（m2/m3）100130130150电耗（kWh）/m30.40.70.30.80.20.45污泥产率高低污泥稳定性不稳定较稳定稳定是否污泥回流是否水力负荷耐冲击能力不好一般好4811.5设备设备多进口设备多设备少，无进口设备脱氮除磷效果能脱氮除磷有去除NH3-N能力出水水质自控程度自控程度高，费用高自控程度高，费用低运行情况不稳定，易污泥膨胀6工程应用 二段法自20世纪80年代初应用于我国的城市污水厂至今已有18年的历史

5、，但其推广应用却很缓慢，到目前为止只在几座污水厂应用（见表4）。表4二段法在我国的应用污水处理厂名称污水性质设计规模（m3/d）工程投资（万元）处理费用（元/m3）投产年份山西五阳煤矿污水厂综合废水2000630.201990石家庄民航机场污水处理厂4138.40.191996燕化梨园新村污水厂生活污水2000011000.321993山西古交市镇城底污水净化厂城市污水3870.461986山西古交市中心区污水净化厂4000028840.45太原市殷家堡污水净化厂100003220.5441983河南安阳聂村污水处理厂设计36000实际1800017920.55内蒙东胜市污水处理厂30000（

6、一期20000）25570.302001河北省正定县污水处理厂90000（一期60000）59570.42完成初设其原因主要有：对该工艺的机理研究尚不够深入；该工艺到目前为止还没有设计规范；填料问题（包括填料堵塞和使用情况）始终得不到很好的解决。参考文献：1邬扬善.为什么生物接触氧化法处理城市污水只需一小时左右J.给水排水,1999,25（2）:35-38.2郑兴灿，李亚新.污水除磷脱氮技术M.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1998. 3周斌.华东地区城市污水处理厂运行成本分析J.中国给水排水，2001，17（8）:29-30.4赵立军，刘金玲，等.石家庄民航机场综合污水处理工程简介J.给水排水,

7、2000,26（5）：50-51. 作者简介赵立军 中国地质科学院环境工程技术设计研究院,河北石家庄,050061 王怀建 中国地质科学院环境工程技术设计研究院,河北石家庄,050061 刘俊良 河北建筑工程学院城市建设系,河北张家口,075024 电话:（0311）7793147（O） 7733923（H）E-mail:zlj7793147 （英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions,

8、the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is

9、of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four

10、square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two p

11、arty regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members

12、and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw

13、historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the

14、 , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. （a） revised

15、 two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to

16、 fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms

17、 and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 b

18、ased on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs.

19、 One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack ne

20、cessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the

21、 seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. （II） two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revisio

22、n . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six

23、 months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and tar

24、get, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province （area） secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and s

25、cholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces （autonomous regions, municipalities） Party, the cent

26、ral ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party （party）, the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Po