高考英语现在完成时易错剖析Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、 are keptChas decreased; keep Dhas decreased;考查时态和语态。商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模，也使个体变小，因为大鱼被保留下来，小鱼被扔回大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态；第二空是一般现在时态的被动语态，主语big fish与keep是被动关系，故答案为D。4 Would you care for a cup of tea? It tastes pretty good. I one. Thank you just the same.Ahave had Bhad Cwould have Dwill have【答案】A考查时态。你想喝杯

2、茶吗?味道很好。我已经喝过了，我仍然谢谢你。结合句意可知此处用现在完成时态，故选A。5The Chinese womens volleyball team won the gold medal at the Rio Olympics, which is the third time the team Olympic gold.Aclaimed Bhas claimedChas been claiming Dhad claimed考查时态语态。句型：it is the+序数词+time that从句，从句谓语动词要使用现在完成时。claim有权利要求得到，与主语the team为主谓关系，应用主

3、动语态。中国女排在里约奥运会上获得了金牌，这是第三次团队获得奥运金牌。故选B。6More and more cancer patients _ in hospital owing to polluted environment and peoples bad lifestyles.Atreated Bhave treatedChave been treated Dhad been treated【答案】C由于被污染了的环境和人们糟糕的生活方式，越来越多的癌症病人正在医院里接受治疗。本句主语more and more cancer patients与动词treat构成被动关系，要使用被动语态；而

4、且很多病人接受治疗是已经发生的事情，要用完成时表示，所以本句使用现在完成时的被动语态，故选择C项。7The boy pretended _ asleep when his father came back.Ato fall Bto have fallenCto be falling Dhave fallen考查固定句型和时态。他的父亲回来时，这个男孩假装睡着了。pretend to do sth.假装做某事，该句型是固定句型。表示动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，用现在完成时，故选B。8The Greens _ China for five years.Ahas be

5、en in Bhave been inCwent to Dhas gone toGreen一家人来中国已经五年了。时间状语for five years表明用现在完成时，The Greens作主语时，谓语动词用复数，而且接一段时间要用have been in，故B项正确。9How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _ at last.Ato has come Bhaving comeCto having come Dhas come考查句子结构分析和谓语动词。我们是多么的快乐啊！我们一直所期望的假期终于来了。句中we h

6、ave been looking forward to我们一直所期望的，作the holiday的定语，故整个句子应当为The holiday has come at last。故选A。10Ever since he left school, he _ becoming a professor in that famous university.Ahas never dreamed of Bhad never dreamed ofCdidnt dream of Dwas not dreaming of自从他离开学校以来，他从来没有梦想成为那所著名大学的教授。此处since“自从-以来”，引导时

7、间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态，故选A。【点睛】1.Since自从-以来（可做介词和连词），和现在完成时态连用。He has lived here since he came. 自从他来到这里，就一直在这里住着。2.It is /has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+其他。自从做某事有多长时间了。在这个句型中如果从句的动作是终止性动词，则表示从动作开始到现在多长时间了；如果从句的动作是持续性动词，则表示从动作结束到现在多长时间了。It is three years since he joined （终止性动词）the army.他参军有三年了；It i

8、s five years since he lived（持续性动词）here.他离开这有五年了。11 When will the professor come and give the lecture on the spirits of contracts? Not until our program _ by our school.Aapproves Bwill be approved Cis to approve Dhas been approved教授什么时候来做关于契约精神的讲座?直到我们的课程得到学校的批准。本句省略了主句后的时间状语从句，从句中谓语动词用现在完成时态代替将来完成时。

9、our program和动词approve是被动关系，用被动语态。故选D。12Im afraid I you with a great many questions. Thank you a lot, sir.Ahave bothered BappreciatedChave contacted DimpressedA. have bothered麻烦；B. appreciated欣赏，感激；C. have contacted交往，接触；D. impressed铭记。恐怕我已经麻烦了你许多问题，非常感谢您。此处指已经问了许多问题，动作已经完成用现在完成时，故选A.13In order to fi

10、nd the missing child, villagers _ all they can over the past five hours.Adid BdoChad done Dhave done【分析】为了找到那个失踪的孩子，在过去的5个小时中，村民们已经做了所有他们能做的。句中they can是定语从句，修饰先行词all，在从句中省略了can后面的do（因为主句谓语动词是实意动词do），根据句中时间状语over the past five hours可知用现在完成时。现在完成时表示过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响。现在完成时的标志性时间状语有：already , ever , never

11、, yet , just , before, still , lately ,since , for a long time ,up to now, until, so far, in the last few years/weeks/mouths , till now, recently等等。14This is the first time I _Tiananmen Square. You cant imagine how excited I am.Ahave visited Bam visitingCvisit Dvisited考查现在完成时。这是我第一次参观天安门广场。It/This i

12、s the+序数词+that的结构中，从句用现在完成时。故A选项正确。句式“This/It is/was the first/second . last time + that从句”表示“这是第次做某事”。其中，that引导的是定语从句，that在口语中常省略。对于此句式，我们需要掌握that从句的时态：若前面的be动词为is，从句通常用现在完成时；若其为was，则从句用过去完成时。本句中的be动词时is，所以从句用现在完成时。15Tom _on the essay for two hours but he _only a hundred words by now.Ahas been work

13、ing;has written Bhas been working;writesCworked ;written Dworded;句意为：Tom一直忙着写论文两个小时了，但是到现在为止他只写了100多个词。由后半句可知Tom现在还在写文章，故第一个空用现在完成进行时，第二个空强调到现在为止已经写完100个词了，所以用现在完成时，故A正确。此题的简体关键是根据时间状语判断句子的时态。第一空根据时间状语for two hours，可知应该用能延续的动词的现在完成时态，再根据后半句到目前已经写了100个词了，由此可知现在仍在写，因此第一空应该用现在完成进行时。而第二空的时间状语为by now，因此用

14、现在完成时即可，所以用has written。16After he left college, he was employed in an international company and there ever since .Aworked Bhad workedChas worked Dwas working他大学毕业以后，被一家跨国公司雇佣了，从那以后就一直在那里工作。句中时间状语ever since意为“从那以后”，表示从过去时间开始到现在，通常与现在完成时连用，故C项正确。17- Each of the students, working hard at their lessons,

15、 _ the book.- So have I.Ais reading Bhas readCreading Dreads考查主谓一致和时态。努力学习的每个学生都阅读了这本书。我也读了！根据第二句中的助动词have可知前句中也应该使用助动词have/has，主语each of the students做主语，谓语动词使用单数形式，故B项正确。主谓一致主要指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配：语法一致原则 （grammatical concord） 意义一致原则 （notion

16、al concord） 就近原则 （principle of proximity）。“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数做主语、不可数名词做主语、不定代词做主语、并列结构做主语、特殊名词做主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。列举如下用法：1. 单数名词（代词），不可数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词（代词）做主语，谓语用复数形式。The desk is Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。2.

17、many a+单数名词做主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。3. more than one+单数名词做主语，谓语用单数。More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语做主语时，这些通常做一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 2

18、0英镑并不太重。Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and（each/every）+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工做。6. one and a half+复数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。One and a half hours i

19、s enough. 一个半小时足够了。7. 动词不定式，动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。To see is to believe 眼见为实。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。因此在实际操练中要指导学法，掌握基本用法，注意变化就能突破18-The prices of vegetables are going up madly. Its really too much for us.-But for the situation where many vegetable producing areas _ con

20、stant low temperature, things would not be like this.Ameet with Bhave met withCmet with Dhad met with试题分析：-蔬菜的价格疯狂上涨。对于我们来说太贵了。-要不是很多生产蔬菜的地区遭遇了不断地低温袭击，事情不会是现在这个样子。从句意看，生产蔬菜地区遭遇不断地低温，对现在造成很大影响，因此用现在完成时，强调对于现在的影响，故B正确。考点：考查时态19By now 516 Confucius Institutes _in 142 countries and regions, according to

21、 the Confucius Institute Headquarters.Afounded Bwould foundChave been founded Dhad been founded根据孔子学院总部的统计，到现在为止，全世界142个国家和地区已经建立了516个孔子学院。主语516 Confucius Institutes和found之间是被动关系，该句应用被动语态。且by now做时间状语，谓语动词应用现在完成时态。综上，该空应填have been founded。C选项正确。20Ladies and gentlemen, due to the heavy rain, the star

22、 who you _ to see perform will arrive in an hour.Ahave come Bcome Ccame Dare coming女士们，先生们，由于下大雨，你们来看演出的明星将在一小时后到达。现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果或过去的动作延续到现在，根据语境，人们来看演出，come的动作已经发生，并且现在还在，所以用现在完成时，故选A。21Youd better try _ second time if it is _ first time that you _.Athe; the; fail Ba; have failedCa; should f

23、ail Dthe; a; fail考查冠词、固定句型、时态。如果这是你第一次失败，你最好再试一次。第一空：“不定冠词a/an+序数词”表示“又一，再一”；“定冠词the+序数词”表示顺序“第一/第二.”；第二、三空：句型It is the first time that .“这是（某人）第一次做”,从句用现在完成时。故选B项。22I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket.Alost Bhave lost Cwill lose Ddidnt have我今晚不去看电影了，因为我的票丢了。现在完成时强调对现在的结果/影响，“票不

24、见了”，所以I wont go to see the film tonight。本题易错选A，一般过去时,只强调“丢失了”，也许后来又见了。23We are very proud of what our country _ in the past seventy years.Ahas achieved Bis achieving Cachieved Dhad achieved我们对祖国在过去70年里取得的成就感到骄傲。A. has achieved 已经实现；B. is achieving正在实现；C. achieved（去过）实现；D. had achieved（过去的过去）实现。由in t

25、he past seventy years（在过去的70年里）判断为现在完成时，故选A项。本句考查现在完成时现在完成时通常表过去的动作对现在造成的影响，其结构是have/has done，常见的时间标志词有：already, yet, so far, up to/till now, since, in/during/over the past/last + 段时间Great changes have taken place in our country in the past decades.在过去几十年里我们国家发生了巨大变化。I have not seen you since we las

26、t met each other.自我们上次碰面，我已近很久没看到你了。24The Mp3 _ young people _ a bit of decline recently with the appearance of the Mp4.Aintending to; has entered into Bintended for; has gone intoCmeant to; takes on Dmeant for; opens up考查动词短语辨析和时态。随着MP4的出现，为年轻人设计的这款MP3的销量已经下滑了。短语be intended for为设计，be meant for本应为，be meant to do sth.打算做某事，enter into参与，go into进入（某种状态），take on呈现，open up开发，本句最后使用短语intended for做定语修饰the MP3；副词recently意为“近来”，通常和现在完成时连用。结合句意，故B项正确。25Is this the first time you _ Chonqing?No. The first time I _ here, the city wasnt