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高中英语知识点归纳总结Word文档格式.docx

1、10. total n. 总数11. majority n. 大多数12. survive v. 生存,活下来13. adventure n. 冒险14. scared adj. 吓坏的15. admit v. 承认16. while conj. 但是,而17. boring adj. 令人厌烦的18. except prep. 除之外19. quality n. 质量20. favourite adj. 最喜爱的重点短语1. be fond of爱好2. treatas把看作为3. make friends with 与交朋友4. argue with sb. about / over st

2、h. 与某人争论某事5. hunt for寻找6. in order to为了7. sharewith与分享8. bring in引进;赚钱9. a great / good many许多10. have difficulty (in) doing做有困难11. end up with以结束12. except for除之外13. come about发生14. make(a)fire生火15. make yourself at home别拘束16. the majority of大多数17. drop sb. a line给某人写短信18. for the first time第一次19.

3、at all根本;竟然20. have a (good) knowledge of精通交际用语1. I think I like / love / hate. I enjoy. My interests are.2. Did you have a good flight? You must be very tired. Just make yourself at home. I beg your pardon? Can you tell me how to pronounce.? Get it.单词聚焦1. argue v. 的用法构词:argument n. 1. C争论 2. U讨论辩论3

4、. C论据 搭配: argue with / against sb. over / on / about sth. 与某人 争论某事 argue for / against sth. 辩论赞成反对某事 argue that. 主张,认为,争辩说 argue sb into / out of doing sth. 说服某人做不做某事 提示:“说服某人做不做某事”还可表达为:talk / persuade / reason sb. into / out of doing sth. settle the argument 解决争端an argument with sb about / over st

5、h. 为某事和某人而发生的争执【考例】What laughing _ we had about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti (意大利式细面条) from plate to mouth. (2004全国卷I) A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments2. compare v. 的用法comparison n. 比较搭配: compare.to. 比拟;比作 compare. with / to. 将和相比较 compare notes 对笔记;交换意见【考例】 _ w

6、ith the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004湖北) A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared3. consider v. 的用法consideration n. 考虑,思考;体谅,顾及 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 consider sb (to be / as). 认为觉得某人 consider that- clause 认为 take sth into considerati

7、on 考虑 under consideration 在考虑中【考例】Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer. (NMET 1993) A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented4. deserted adj. 空无一人的;被遗弃的;被抛弃的 (1) 空无一人的a deserted street / area空无一人的街道,地区;The office was quite deserted.办公室里空无一人。 (2) 被遗弃的 a

8、deserted child 被遗弃的孩子(3) desert dezot n. 沙漠desert dIzo:t vt. 丢弃;遗弃 He deserted his wife and children after becoming rich.5. difficulty n. (1) difficulty (通常作复数) 难事,难点,难题She met with many difficulties when travelling. (2) 在以下句型中,difficulty是不可数名词,不能用复数形式。 have (some) difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困难t

9、here is (some) difficulty (in) doing sth. have (some) difficulty with sth. 在某事上有困难 there is (some) difficulty with sth. do sth. with difficulty / without difficulty 困难地轻而易举地做某事 We had a lot of difficulty in finding your house. Do you have any difficulty with your English? 【注意】(1) 以上句型中,difficulty前可加

10、some, little, much, a lot of, no, any修饰 (2) 以上句型中,亦可用trouble来代替difficulty。6. favourite = favorite (A. E) 最喜爱的;最喜爱的人或事物 (1) adj. 最喜爱的My favorite sport is playing football. (2) n. C 最喜爱的人或事物He is a favorite with his uncle.7. fun的用法funny adj. 有趣的滑稽的,好笑的;奇特的,古怪的 make fun of 取笑;嘲弄;开某人的玩笑 (just)for / in f

11、un = (just) for the fun of it 取乐,非认真地,说做着玩的 be full of fun 很好玩 have fun with sb. 和某人开一个玩笑 have (some) fun 玩得(很)高兴,玩得(很)开心 Its (great) fun to do sth干某事很有趣;干某事真是一件趣事;干某事真开心 What fun (it is) to do sth! 干某事多么有趣呀! have a lot of fun doing sth 干某事玩得很开心【考例】 (200上海春招) This is not a match. Were play- ing ches

12、s just for _. A. habit B. hobby C. fun D. game8. imagine的用法 imagination n. C / U 想像,想像力,想像的事物 imaginative adj. 富有想像力的 imagine sth / doing sth beyond (all) imagination (完全)出乎意料地【考例】 I can hardly imagine Peter _across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. (MET 1991) A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have

13、 sailed9. interest的用法interest vt. 使感兴趣 n. 兴趣,爱好 U 利息;利润 He has a great interest in politics. 他对政治极感兴趣。/ a broad interest 广泛的利益 / a common interest 共同的利益 / a strong interest 极强的兴趣 interesting 令人感兴趣的(事物) interested (某人对某事)有兴趣的 interest sb in sth 使某人注意,关心或参入某事;使某人对某事感兴趣 be interested in 对感兴趣(关心) have a

14、n interest in sth. / in doing sth. 对某方面有兴趣 (关心);在中有股份、权益等 hold ones interest 吸引住某人的兴趣 in the interest(s) of 为利益;为起见;对有利 lose interest in 对不再感兴趣 show / take (an) interest in / in doing sth. 对表示关心(有兴趣) have / take / feel no interest in 对不 (不太) 感兴趣 with interest 有兴趣地,津津有味地 develop / find / feel interes

15、t in sth. / in doing sth. 在某方面培养有兴趣 lose interest in sth. / in doing sth. 对某方面失去兴趣有时interest可与不定冠词连用。He developed an interest in science.另外:interest作“爱好”解时,是可数名词。 His interests include reading and tennis.【考例】_, they immediately suggested that she put them together to make a single one long story and

16、 paid Tracy a $50,000 advance. (2004全国卷 II) A. Interested B. Anxiously C. Seriously D. Encouraged10. prove的用法 proof n. 证据。试验,考验,(印刷)校样 prove sth to sb 向某人证实 prove to sb that 从句向某人证实 prove (oneself) to be 证明(自己)是,表现出【考例】It was in the neighboring country United States that such resistance to spray was

17、 first _. (05长春模拟) A. proved B. killed C. thought D. discussed11. provide的用法 provider n. 供给者,供应者,养家者 provided / providing conj. 倘若provide sb with sth / sth to sb 给提供;以装备【考例】His son _ the old man with all the food and the money he needed. A. provided B. fed C. afforded D. charred12. share的用法 share (i

18、n) sth. with sth. 和某人分享、分担、共用某物 share sth (out) between / among. 将某物分配、分给 share joys / happiness and sorrows (with sb) (和某人) 同甘共苦 share ones opinion 同意某人的意见【考例】Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare you must learn to _. (NMET 2000) A. support B. care C. spare D. share13. solve的用法solution n. 1.

19、 C (问题的)解答;(困难的)解决方法 2. U 解答,解决 3. U 溶解the solution to 解决的办法【考例3】In the end, one suggestion seems to be the solution _ the problem. (2001北京春招) A. with B. into C. for D. to14. total n. / adj. 全部(的) (1) in total 加起来In total, there must have been 20000 people there. (2) a total of 总共His expenses (支出) r

20、eached a total of $100. (3) the total of.的总数 The total 0f the bill is 230 dollars.15. when conj. when并列连词,= and then,表示“就在那时,突然”,常见以下句型中: (1) be doing.when.正在做突然I was wandering through the streets when l caught sight of a tailors shop. (2) had done.when.刚做了突然I had just sat down when the light went o

21、ut. (3) be about to do.when.刚要做突然I was just about to go swimming when our guide saw me and shouted at me.16. while conj. (1) while从属连词,引导时间状语从句,从句动词用延续性动词,主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的过程之中。Come on, get these things away while I make the tea. (2) 并列连词,表前后两个分句意义相反或相对,意为“然而”。Some people waste food while others haven

22、t enough. (3) 放在句首,表示“尽管;虽然”,相当于although。While we dont agree, we continue to be friendly.【词语比较】1. especially, specially especially adv. 特殊地;尤其是 (1)侧重于多种事物或人中比较突出的。I like all the subjects at school, especially English. (尤其是英语) (2) especially 后可接介词短语或从句。I like the Yuelu Mountains, especially in spring

23、. (尤其是在春天) Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep. specially 侧重特意地、专门地做某事 (后面常接for sb. 或to do sth.)I made a chocolate cake specially for you.2. boring, bored, bore boring adj. 令人厌烦的 The book is very boring. bored adj. 感到厌烦的 Im bored with the book. bore vt. 令人厌烦 This book bores

24、me. 有些表示情感的及物动词,有与bore类似的用法。如:interest, excite, surprise, amaze, frighten, astonish, move, inspire, touch, scare, disappoint, puzzle, worry 这类词的现在分词形式,为“令人”;过去分词形式,为“感到”。3. except for, except, but, besides 表示“除了”的词或短语有:except; but; except for; besides; except that (when.) 等。 (1) except 和 but 都表示“除了之

25、外。没有”,二者大多数情况下可以互换;但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one 等词后多用 but。No one knows our teachers address except / but him. (排除him) (2) besides 除之外,还,有附加性。What other foreign languages do you know besides English? (English与other languages都属于know的范围) (3) except for 只不过,整体肯定,部分修正,用于排除非同类事物,for表示细节上的修正。 Your ar

26、ticle is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.4. know, know of, know about (1) know 用作动词,意思是“(直接地)获知,懂得,认识,熟悉”。I dont know whether he is here or not. / I know him to be honest. (2) know of和know about的意思都是“(间接地)获知”,指听别人说到或从书报上看到,二者没有什么区别。5. for example; such as (1) for example“例如”,用来举例说明某一

27、论点或情况。一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,可位于句首、句中或句末。可用for instance替换。For example, air is invisible. / His spelling is terrible! Look at this word, for example. (2) such as “例如”,用来列举事物,一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,as后面不可有逗号。Some of the European Languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish

28、. 注意如把前面所述情况全部举出,用that is或namely。短语归纳1. 含all的短语1) first of all 首先 (强调顺序)2) in all (=in total=altogether) 总共3) after all 毕竟,终究4) at all 到底,根本5) above all 最重要的是 (强调重要性)6) not (.) at all (= not (.) in the least) 根本不,一点也不7) all the time 始终,一直8) all of a sudden (=suddenly) 突然,冷不防9) all right 行,可以10) all at once 立刘,马上11) all day and all night 日日夜夜12) all over 遍及13) all alone 独个儿,独立地14) all but 几乎,差一点15) all in all 总的说来16) all together 一道,同时,总共17) for all 尽管

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