常用it作形式主语的句型结构Word文档格式.docx

1、 Ithopedonedaytheyhaveenoughanimalstosetthemfree It is well known that the earth goes around the sun. It is suggested that the sports meeting （should ） be put off until next week. 该句型的过去分词是suggested时，从句应为 （should ）+动词原形。 It + be +名词+ that-从句 适用该句型的名词（词组）有: apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，go

2、odnews, ones duty等。 如：apity（that）youmissedsportsmeetinglastweek. ItfactEnglishbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage. Itseemappearhappen的适当形式that从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的简单句。seemstherebigwastepipecomingdownfromtown.Theretown. Heappearedto becalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.Ithecalm,fear.doesnt

3、matter （ Its no wonder; It doesnt make much difference等）when/where/which/whether等从句。 Doesit matterifcanfinishjobontime? Theyareallclassmates. It isnowonder theyshouldhelpeachothertheirstudies.+adj./n.（forsb./ofsb.）dosth. 该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的如difficult，hard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等，此时用f

4、or；或表示人的性格特征或特点的如nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，wise，clever，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等，这时要用of。 It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance. It is necessary for college students to master at least a foreign language It作形式主语常见句型动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用it作形式主语，放到句首，常

5、见句型有：1. It + be + 形容词+主语从句，如：It is uncertain whether he can come to Jennys birthday party or not.2. It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句，这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour，a question等，如：Its a pity that you missed the exciting football match.It remains a question whether he will come or not.3. It + be + 过去分词

6、+ 主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等， 如：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.4. It + 不及物动词（seem, appear, happen等） + 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有：appear, happen, seem等， 如：It seemed th

7、at he didnt tell the truth.It happened that I was out when he called.5. It + be + 形容词 + for sb.）+ 动词不定式这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb，如：Its necessary for the young to master two foreign language.It is unwise to give the children whatever t

8、hey want.这类形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise6. It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + 动词不定式，这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。Its very kind of you to help me with the work.=You are kind to help me.It see

9、med selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.7. It + be +名词词组 + 动词不定式，如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late.8. It + be + 名词或形容词 + 动名词，这类名词和形容词常常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等，如：Its a waste of ti

10、me talking to her any more.It is no use arguing about the matter with him.9. It + take （ sb. ）+ 时间（金钱）+ 动词不定式，如：It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.实战演练：1. It is generally considered unwise to give a chi

11、ld he or she wants. （NMET 1997）A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever2. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. （2001 上海）A. this B. that C. there D. it3. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. （NMET1995）A. There B. T

12、hisC. That D. It4. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? （MET88）A. everyone B. this C. her5. _ will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.A. ItB. I C. We D. They6. It is no use his _ there, the situation is hopeless now.A. to go B. to be going C. going D. having gone7.

13、It is never too late to learn, _? A. is it B. isnt it C. does it D. doesnt it8. _ is known to all that Shenzhou VI Launched Successfully. A. As B. What C. It D. That9. _ is reported in the newspaper, the Earthquake in east Chinas Jiangxi Province killed 13 people A. It B. As C. That D. What10. _ cer

14、tain that his invention will make peoples life convenient. A. Thats B. This is C. Its D. Whats11. _ that there is another football match on the air this evening. A. It says B. It was said C. It is said D. What was said12. _ that their daughter got an opportunity to study abroad. A. Its a exciting ne

15、ws B. This is an exciting news C. This is exiting news D. Its exciting news参考答案：15 BDDDA 610CACAC 1112CD一、主语从句的概念与类型主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有从属连词that, whether以及连接代词who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词when, where, why, how等.例如:That she was chosen made us very happy.她当选了使我们很高兴.What caus

16、ed the accident is a complete mystery.是什么导致了这次事故还完全是一个谜.Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否来还是一个问题.Which team will win the match is still unknown.哪个队会赢得这场比赛还不知道.Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.参加聚会的每一个人都将收到一份礼物.When they will start has not been decided yet.他们何时出发还没

17、决定.注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面.例如:It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了这样一个错误,真是遗憾.It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.他们是否今天去购物还得看天气情况.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1）It is + adj. / n. +从句It is a pity/shame that.遗憾的是It is possible that.很可能It i

18、s unlikely that.不可能2）It +不及物动词+从句It seems/appears that.似乎It happened that.碰巧3）It + be +过去分词+从句It is said that.据说It is known to all that.众所周知It is reported that.据报道It is believed that.据信;人们相信It is suggested that.有人建议It must be pointed out that.必须指出It has been proved that.已证明.例如:It is believed that at

19、 least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.据信,至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉.It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建议会议延期召开.Its reported that three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.据报道,事故中三人丧生,五人重伤.It is known to all that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China

20、.众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分.巩固练习1. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. which B. that C. if D. for3. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It二、学习主语从句应该

21、注意的几个问题1）引导词that与whatwhat既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分（主语、宾语、表语等）.这时what相当于all that/everything that.,常译成所的（东西、事情、话等.）;而that只起连接作用,本身无实际意义,在从句中也不担当任何句子成分.但that引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略that.例如:What is done cant be undone. （谚语）已成定局,无可挽回.What we cant get seems better than what we have.我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好.That we shoul

22、d work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important.我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势,这一点非常重要.That a new teacher will come to teach us geography is true.一位新老师将来教我们地理,这是真的.4. _ what they told me really true?A. Has B. Is C. Does D. Have5. It matters little _ a man dies, but _ matters much is

23、_ he lives.A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; why D. that; that6. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why;7. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atm

24、osphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how8. _ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. Which9. -What made her parents so angry?- _ she had failed in the examination.A. As B. Because C. Since D. That2）引导词if和whetherif和

25、whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用,但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句（放在句首时）、表语从句常由whether引导.例如:Whether she will go home or not is unknown.她是否回家还不得而知. Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定.=It remains to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese.但我们不能说If we shall raise ducks or geese

26、remains to be decided.10. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 3）其它引导词连接代词who, which, whom, whose有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当语、宾语、表语、定语等;连接副词when,where, why, how等有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中充当状语.11. -Do you remember _ he came?-Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if12. It was a matter of _ would take the position. A. who B. whose C. whom D. whomever13. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ y