1、Well better bestbad worse worstbadly worse worstmany more mostmost more mostlittle less lestfar fartherfurtherfarthestfurthestold older elderoldest eldest要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:back, all, alone, either, far, high, slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下:构词法 形容词 副 词一般加ly Carefulkindcarefullykindly尾是y时将y变成i加ly H
2、appybusyeasyHappilybusilyeasily其 他 trueterriblefullpossibleshywholetrulyterriblyfullypossiblyshylywholly在学习过程中要注意其变化。此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:much, yet, far, still, a great deal, even 和a little. 能修饰最高级的有:the very, much the, far等。(二) 2010中考英语形容词副词正误辨析 误 The young likes playing football very
3、much. 正 The young like playing football very much. 析 定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如:The beautiful is not always kindness.美丽并不总代表善良。误 The danger has gone, so the worst are over. 正 The danger has gone, so the worst is over. 析 意为:危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束。用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。误 It is the gold age
4、 of the young. 正 It is the golden age of the young. 析 golden在英语中多用于比喻,如:golden hair金发,gulden voice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的,如:a gold bar金条,a gold coin金币,但gold fish 金鱼例外。误 She is a warm heart woman. 正 She is a warm hearted woman. 析 英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如: warm hoarted 热心肠的,white haired 白毛的 误 Th
5、ere is an alive fish in the pool. 正 There is a living fish in the pool. 析 在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语,只能作表语。如:The fish is alive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有:alive, alike, alone, asleep, afraid, awake等。误 The ill man nearly died. 正 The sick man nearly died. 析 ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病,而要用sick,但作表语时则都可以。He is ill sick, ill作定语
6、时则另有他意,如:ill luck (厄运),ill nature(天性恶劣),ill temper(心绪不好) 误 I have important something to tell you. 正 I have something important to tell you. 析 不定代词something, anyone, somebody在用形容词修饰时,形容词应放其后。但要注意thing则不是不定代词,不符合上述规律。I have an important thing to tell you. 误 Ill be free on next Sunday. 正 Ill be free n
7、ext Sunday. 析 在表达将来时的时候:next Sunday, next week, next year或last Sunday last week, last year前都不加介词。误 The girl is two year old. 正 The girl is two years old. 正 She is a two year old girl 析 由连字符连接若干名词、数词组成的形容词,在学习时要记住两点,其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式,如:two thousand word report(两千字的报告);其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语,即用于名词之前,而不能作表语
8、。误 The foreigners like those little beautiful Chinese paintings. 正 The foreigners like those beautiful little Chinese paintings. 析 在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时,其顺序如下。1. 指示代词,定冠词 2. 数量词 3. 性质词 4. 大小 5. 形状 6. 老少,新旧 7. 颜色 8. 材料 但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。 What a pretty little white horse!Those first few short E
9、nglish stories were not difficult to understand. 误 The best way to learn English good is to speak with Englishman every day.正 The best way to learn English well is to speak with Englishman every day.析 good是形容词,这里是修饰动词speak的,所以应用副词well,但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。He is well.(他身体很好)。He is good.(他是个好人)。误 The chil
10、dren play on the grass nappyly. 正 The children play on the grass happily 析 多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly. 误 The teacher looked angry at the students. 正 The teacher looked angrily at the students. 析 英语中感观动词后面要接形容词,这时它是修饰主语的,如:The food smells good.食物闻起来很香。The teacher looked angry 老师看起来很生气。 而此句的意思为:老师生气地看着
11、学生,所以应用副词形式。误 He worked with me friendly. 正 He was friendly to me. 析 不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词,但friendly是形容词,这样的词还有lovely, lonely, costly, livelymonthly weekly。但其中有些词既是副词,又是形容词,如:early, hourly, monthly 误 You can speak free in front of your friends. 正 You can speak freely in front of your friends. 析 free作为形容词意
12、为自由的,有空闲的,免费的。作为副词讲则是免费之意。而freely作为副词则是自由的,随便的这些要注意的词还有: hard 努力,艰苦 hardly 几乎不 late 迟,晚 lately 最近的,最新的 near 近 nearly 几乎 like 像 likely 几乎 误 They must have arrived till now. 正 They must have arrived by now. 析 by now是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生,所以应用瞬间动词。而till now是强调某一动作一直持续到现在,所以一定要用持续性动词。 must have+过去分词是对过去某一事情
13、所作的肯定推测。误 Someone called you right now. 正 Someone called you just now. 析 just now有两个意思,其一是刚才,其二是现在,而right now只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态,如: I have just finished my homework. 误 My father will be back from America at present. 正 My father will be back from America presently. 析 presently有两个意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美语中是
14、现在之意,与at present相同。而for the present为暂时,如: I teach English in the school for the present.ll be back at the moment. ll be back in a moment. 析 at the moment 其意为现在,当时,而in a moment意为马上过一会,与in a minute意思相近。误 The train from Shanghai will arrive here in time. 正 The train from Shanghai will arrive here on ti
15、me. 析 on time为准时,而in time有两个含意。其一是及时,如:The doctor arrived in time。其二是将来,终究误 I met an old friend sometimes last month. 正 I met an old friend sometime last month. 析 Sometime 过去,或者将来某时。 Sometimes 有时 Sometimes I go to school by bus. Some time 一些时间 I need sometime to do my homework. Some times 几次 I went
16、to Shanghai sometimes this month. at times 有时,偶尔 at all times 经常 some other time 改天 误 I had met an old friend three days ago. 正 I had met an old friend three days before. 正 I met an old friend three days ago. * ago 用在时间状语中时,主句中谓语动词一般用过去时,而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。误 He studied very hard. and at th
17、e end he passed the exam. 正 He studied very hard, and in the end he passed the exam. 析 in the end=at last 意为最终,终于,表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而at the end是在某事的结束时如何如何,如:At the end of class, the teacher gave us some story books。误 I will come here to help you each three days. 正 I will come here to help you every th
18、ree days. 析 every three days 为每三天,即每隔二天,而every other day为每隔一天。误 He didnt go to the cinema yesterday. and I didnt go, too. 正 He didnt go to the cinema yesterday and I didnt go either. 析 英语中表示也,有4个字,also, as well, too, either,但either用于否定句中,而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与as well一般要用在句尾,而also则可用于句中。She went to the
19、 party and her boy friend went there too. 又如: Ive also read her other novels. 误 We should help the poor girl in anyway. 正 We should help the poor girl in any way. 析 anyway为不管怎么讲,无论如何What a terrible accident, anyway no one was hurt. any way 为任何方式这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中,如:everyday 日常的 every day 每天 faraway 遥
20、远的 far away 远离 altogether 总计 all together 一块,大家一起 already 已经 all ready 全准备好了 误 You can come to the doctors at anytime. 正 You can come to the doctors at any time. 析 anytime 是副词 而any time中的time是名词。误 She said nearly nothing. 正 She said almost nothing. 析 nearly 与 almost的含意相近,在很多场合可以互换,但在否定词前用almost。误 Th
21、ere are too much mistakes in your homework. 正 There are too many mistakes in your homework. 析 too much 后接不可数名词,如:There is too much water for the flowers. 而too many 后加可数名词,much too 后面加形容词,如:It is much too difficult to learn English well. 误 It is late enough that we can go home now. 正 It is late enoug
22、h for us to go home now. 析 要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式,或不定式的复合结构:for somebody to do something。误 The twins are very alike. 正 The twins are much alike. 析 用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰,一般要用much来修饰。误 - How long does he write to his parents?- Once a week. 正 - How often does he write to his parents?析 英文与中文表达法不同,隔多长时间办
23、一次某事,实际上问的是该事发生的频率,所以要用how often。误 As soon as I arrive in New York, Ill call up you. 正 As soon as I arrive in New York, Ill call you up. 析 当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后,如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。 如:I want to watch TV. Please turn on the TV. 也可以讲: Please turn the TV on. 误 He drove quickly his new car. 正 He drove his
24、 new car quickly. 析 副词在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下几种用法:实意动词之前,如:He quickly give me the answer. 在be动词之后,如:The little boy is often late for class. 第一助动词之后,如:This book has almost been finished. 在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前,如: Can you help me this afternoon? I certainly can. 但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间,如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词词组作宾语则才可以这样用:He h
25、eard clearly what the teacher said. 误 The children came late yesterday to the cinema. 正 The children came late to the cinema yesterday. 析 表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。误 You have few new books, havent you?正 you have few new books, have you?析 英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少,几乎没有),a few(有一些,几个);修饰
26、不可数名词的有little (很少,几乎没有),a little(有一点,有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句,而 a few 和a little 用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。误 He spent quite little money on his food. 正 He spent quite a little money on his food. 析 quite a 为一固定用法,其意为十分,相当,所以 quite a few=many, quite a little=much 而only a little=little, only a few=few. 误 Do
27、 you want to have many bread?正 Do you want to have some bread?析 some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词,在一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句,但在希望得到肯定答复时,应用some。 其次是some 可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。误 Please tell me where the shoes shop is?正 Please tell me where the shoe shop is. 析 在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时,这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式,如:a shoe shop 鞋店a fru
28、it shop 水果店a book shop 书店 a post office 邮局a police station 警察局a bus stop 汽车站 误 He is weak at physics. 正 He is weak in physics. 析 在表达擅长于作某事时用be good at something, 而其反意词为be bad at something, 但be weak in something。误 This dictionary is worth to buy. 正 This dictionary is worth buying. 析 be worth 后可接动、名词表达值得作某事,又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱。误 Dont afraid of that. 正 Dont be afraid of that. 析 afraid 在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有:be afraid of 害
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