六级精华资料大全Word格式.docx

1、四级作文中的议论文主要有四个类型分别是：原因分析型、问题解决型、对比选择型以及观点论证型。现将这四种类型文章的段落分布情况，每段要点及常用模板介绍如下。写作一. 原因分析型文章基本可以分为三个部分即：描述现象引出问题-分析现象产生的原因-总结其优点及弊端第一段1.With the development of society, the problem of 现象 has aroused nation wide attention amongpublic. 现象表现第二段2.To the best of my knowledge, several reasons can be identifie

2、d to account for this 现象3.In the first place 原因14.In the second 原因25.Last but not the least 原因3第三段6.As far as I am concerned 优点7.For all the advantages mentioned above, 现象 is by no means without its limitation.8.缺点二. 问题解决型提出解决问题的必要性-分析现象产生的原因-提出解决办法3Recently, there has been a growing concern among t

3、he public over theissue/problem/situation/phenomenon that 问题So far is has generated serious negative effects on society/our lifeTo the best of my understanding, there are several reasons accounting for thisFirst of all, owing to 原因，结果What is more, 结果 due to 原因From what has been discussed above, it i

4、s sensible we take effective and efficient measures tosolve the problemFor one thing, 办法一For another, 办法二Only in this way can we 对将来预测（positive）三. 对比选择型文章基本可以分为四个部分即：对一个问题存在两种对立的看法-第一种观点-另一种观点-我的观点Recently, there has been a growing concern among the public over the issue/problem whether weshould 讨论的

5、问题opinions vary from person to personSome people take it for granted that 第一类人的观点In their opinion, 第一类人认为On the contrary, other people stand on a different ground.第二类人的观点They maintain that 第二类人认为第四段（此段可完全照搬）To the best of my knowledge, it is sensible for us to take a rational attitude towards this 问

6、题For my part, I do believe the 优点/缺点outweigh its negative/positive effects.From all the points discussed above, it is preferable that we make the most of the advantages andmeanwhile reduce the negative effects to the minimum四. 观点论证型首先提出要论证的论点-对论点进行论证-表明自己的立场It is well known that 论点The truth is deep

7、and profoundNo one can deny that 重申论点There are many remarkable factors/reasons contributing to this argumentTo begin with 原因一4What is more 原因二Last but not the least 原因三All mentioned above tell us that 重申论点Therefore, there is no denying that 正确的做法和态度In short 总结写作常见的问题一 不一致例：When one have money, he ca

8、n do what he want to .剖析：one 是单数第三人称，因而本句的have 应改为has ;同理，want 应改为wants.本句是典型的主谓不一致改为： Once one has money ,he can do what he wants （to do） 二 修饰语错位例 I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus.better 位置不当，应置于句末三 句子不完整例 There are many ways to know the society. For ex

9、ample by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on .本句后半部分for example by TV ,radio ,newspaper and so on .”不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句改为：There are many ways to know society ,for example ,by TV ,radio ,and newspaper.四 悬垂修饰语At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 这句中at the age of ten When I was ten, my grandfathe

10、r died.例 To do well in college, good grades are essential.句中不定式短语 “to do well in college” 的逻辑主语不清楚 To do well in college, a student needs good grades.五 词性误用例 None can negative the importance of money.negative 系形容词，误作动词。 None can deny the importance of money.六 指代不清例. Mary was friendly to my sister be

11、cause she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.玛丽和我姐姐很要好，因为她要她做她的伴娘。读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了。 Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.例. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself.句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself 指代不一致。

12、 We can also know society by serving it ourselves.七 不间断句子例 There are many ways we get to know the outside world.这个句子包含了两层完整的意思：“There are many ways.” 以及“We get to know theoutside world.”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。 There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或： There are many waysthrough which

13、 we can become acquainted with the outside world5八 措词问题例 The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution. （农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。）显然，考生把obstacles“障碍”，“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasinguse （不断增加的使用）” 应改为“abusive use （滥用）”。 The abusive use of chemical substances in ag

14、riculture also causes/leads to pollution.九 累赘 In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him.本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同谓语从句，我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”可以In spite of his laziness, I like him.例 For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thingthey need.整个句子可以大大

15、简化。 Diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need.十 不连贯例 The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。It 与things 在数方面不一致。 Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.十一. 关于有的表达不当例. There are many people thinkProblem have been more

16、and more十二. 时态错误混乱例. I did not expect he will come十三. 比较级错误例. The society is changing more and more faster十四：中式思维错误When we meet difficulties, we must keep calm （meet with, encounter）If this situation continues, children will be very dangerous（in danger）I adventure to write this letter （venture）My ho

17、metown will must become very beautiful （definitely）When we touch the other people in the society （are in contact with）We should do from ourselves （we are supposed to do our partsdo our own bit make our duecontribution）十五. 拼写错误environment government recommend permitted modern nowadays阅读技巧一常出现考点的地方（应仔

18、细阅读的部分）1、列举处常考列举处指的是 First, ., Second ,., Third,., 等并列关系词出现的部分。要求考生从列举出的内容中 , 选出符合题干要求的答案项。列举方式有时不用数字排序 , 而是采取句式排比的方式进行。2、 举例与打比方的地方常考为了使自己的观点更具有说服力，更加明确 ，作者常以具体的例子来佐证。这些例子或6比喻常会成为考点，因此考生应对那些引出这些例子或比喻的标志词加以注意。这类词很多，常见的有as, such, for example, for instance, a case, in point 等。3、 （指示）代词出现处常考这类考题 ,常用来考查

19、考生是否真正理解上下文之间的句子关系和意义。4、 引用人物论断处常考作者为正确表达自己观点或使论点更有依据 , 常会引用某些权威人士的论断或采纳其重要发现等。命题者常在此处做文章。5、 特殊标点符号后的内容常考由于特殊标点符号后的内容常是对前面内容的进一步解释和说明， 因此命题者常对标点符号后的内容进行提问。具体说，特殊标点符号包括：破折号（表解释），括号（表解释），冒号（表解释），引号（表引用）。二细节题的解法若针对举例子、引用名人言论、特殊符号 （ 如冒号、引号、破折号 ） 后内容出题 , 可只读例子、名人言论、符号前后句内容 , 然后与选项对号入座。例题CET4 1999 年1 月第2

20、篇President Coolidges statement “The business of America is business, still point to an importanttruth today -that business institution have more prestige（威望）in American society than any otherkind of organization, including the government.Q: The statement The business of America is business probably

21、means_.Athe business institution in America are concerned with commerceBbusiness problems are of great importance to the American governmentCbusiness is of primary concern to AmericansDAmerica is a great power in world business如果题目只是针对某一段的内容提问，可只看该段内容即可答题，而不必等到把文章全看完才做。例题： CET6 2002 年12 月第29 题In fac

22、t, the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the statesaverage weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today. But, as most studies show, every 10 percentincrease in compensation benefits results in a 5 percent increase in the numbers of workers whofile for claims. And wit

23、h so much more money floating in the workers compensation system, itsnot surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie. After 1972 workers compensation insurance in the U.S became more favorable to workers sothat_.Athe poverty level for a family of fo

24、ur went up drasticallyBmore money was allocated to their compensation systemCthere were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claimsDthe number of workers suing for damages increased选项中照抄或似乎照抄原文的一般不是答案项，而同义词替换的选项一般是答案。CET4 1997 年6 月第3 篇Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles becau

25、se the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m.on a holiday when traffic was light on the citys highways. In addition, changes made to theconstructions codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the citys buildingsand highways, making them more resistant to earthquake.7 One reason why the lo

26、ss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low isthat_.Anew computers had been installed in the buildingsBit occurred in the residential rather than on the highwaysClarge numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holidayDimprovements had been made in the construction of buildi

27、ngs and highways选项中表达意义较具体，或肤浅地表达了字面意思的，一般不是答案项，而概括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的是答案项。CET4 2000 年1 月第1 篇Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1） How likely the event is;and 2）How bad the consequences are if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid（小行星） bigenough to destroy lots of

28、life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?AIt is very unlikely but the danger exists.BSuch a collision might occur every 25 years.CCollisions d smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.DIts still ear1y to

29、 say whether such a collision might occur.选项内容与其他三项有较大差别的 , 可能为答案。CET4 1996 年6 月第3 篇Most our patients（注:指上文中提到的terminally ill patients） welcomed another human beingwith whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them sharedwith us their tremendous need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition andto be told when the end was near. The need of a dying patient for company shows_.Ahis desire for communication with other peopleBhis fear of approaching deathChis pessimistic attitude