英语介词全攻略文档格式.docx

1、考虑周到的， be uneasy about为感受到不安。请看例句：What have you been busy about today 今天在忙些什么？You are certainly very thoughtful about others. 你为别人想得太周到了。Im strict about such things. 对这些事我是很严格的。注：come about发生，get about（疾病、谣言）流行，turn about转身， leave about到处乱放，lie about随便堆放，put about打扰;传播， put oneself about使发愁。这些词组中abo

2、ut作副词，此时about不能接宾语。（二）、AFTER 1.动词+ after。介词after有“追赶，问候，效仿”之意：ask after问候, be after寻求, do（sth.）after学着做，go after设法得到, inquire after问候, look after寻找, run after追求, seek after追逐, take after长得像。例如：Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend. 他每天下午都打电话问候他的女朋友。The boy takes after his father. 这男

3、孩长得像他父亲。The dogs went after the wounded deer. 一群狗在追赶那只受伤的鹿。2.after构成的其它短语。after在不同的短语中意思各异：after a littlemomentwhile过了一会，after all毕竟,after dark天黑以后， after ones heart合的心, after school放学后， after service售后服务， after the fashion勉强， day after day日复一日， one after another一个接一个，year after year年复一年。Dont be too

4、 strict with him. After all he is still a child. 不要太苛刻了，毕竟他还是个孩子。He can speak and write English after a fashion. 他多少会说和写一点英语，但不太好。（三）、AT 1.动词+ at。at表示“指向某一目标，到达某地”：arrive at抵达, call at访问某地, catch at（it）当场抓住, come at攻击, fire at向开火, glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而视, grieve at忧伤，knock at敲, laugh at嘲笑, look a

5、t看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at对高兴， smile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝射击, stare at怒目而视, thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at颤抖，wonder at吃惊，work at工作。例如：Dont let me catch you again at it.不要再让我当场逮住你。We must “shoot the arrow at the target”. 我们必须有的放矢。They trembled at the sight of the peasants spears. 看到农民的梭标，他们阵阵发抖。2. b

6、e +形容词过去分词+ at。其中at表示“情绪、情感的原因， 或对某物具有某种感情”：be angry at恼怒于, be alarmed at对保持警觉, be astonished at对吃惊, be bad at不擅长, be clever at对某事很灵巧, be delighted at高兴，be disgusted at厌恶, be disappointed at对失望， be good at擅长, be impatient at对不够耐心, be mad at狂热于, be pleased at对感到高兴, be present at出席, be satisfied at满意,

7、 be surprised at吃惊, be shocked at对非常震惊，be terrified at受到的恐吓, be quick at对很机敏。They were overjoyed at his return to work. 他们对他重返工作感到欣喜。They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in the colonies. 他们对殖民地日益壮大的解放运动警觉起来。3.at+名词构成的词组：at a distance在一定距离，at a loss不知所措， at a time一次，at all一点也不，at

8、 any cost不惜一切代价，at best最好也只是， at first起初，at hand手头，at heart在内心里，at home在家；无拘束，at last最后，at least至少，at most最多，at once马上，at present目前， at sea不知所措，at times有时，at will任意地，at work起作用，at worst最坏。4.其它含有at的短语：work hard at勤奋工作，drop in at顺路拜访。（四）、FOR 1.动词+for a）动词+for。for表原因、目的：account for解释；说明, answer for对负责,

9、 apply for申请；请求, apologize for为而道歉, beg for请求, call for要求, care for在意, enter for报名参加, fight for为而战, hope for希望, inquire for查询；求见, leave for离开某地到另一地, look for寻找, long for盼望, mistake for误认为, plan for计划做某事, prepare for为作准备, provide for为提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for竞选, stand for象征, search for搜寻, send for派人

10、去请, speak for陈述意见、 愿望, take for当作, wish for希望, wait for等待。His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。The baby reached for the apple but couldnt reach it. 那婴儿伸手去苹果，但够不着。He who would search for pearls must dive below. 要想找到珍珠，必须潜到海底。b）动词+sb.+ for +sth.。for表示原因或目的：ask for要求得到, blame for因责备, excuse for宽

11、恕, forgive for谅解, pardon for原谅, pay for花钱买, praise for称赞, punish for对进行惩罚, push for催逼，reward for酬谢, thank for对表示谢意。Please excuse me for my being late. 请原谅我的迟到。Forgive me for my keeping you waiting. 请见谅，让你久等了。2. be +形容词+for。for表作用、目的、对人或物有某种情绪等：be anxious for急于做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害于, be con

12、venient for便于, be good for利于, be famous for以出名, be fit for适合于, be grateful for对心存感激, be impatient for对不耐烦, be late for迟到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好准备, be sorry for为而后悔, be responsible for对负责, be suitable for适合于, be unfit for不适合, be useful for对有作用。He is eager for success. 他渴望成功。The governme

13、nt is responsible for the nations welfare. 政府负责民众的福利。3.for+名词构成的词组：for all尽管，for a song非常便宜地， for certain确切地，for company陪着，for ever永远，for example例如， for fear以免，for fair肯定地，for free免费，for fun为了好玩， for good永远，for instance比方，for luck祝福，for life终身， for long长久，for nothing白白地，for once有生第一次，for oneself替自己，

14、 for pleasure为了消遣，for reason因为理由，for sale供出售， for shame真不害臊，for short简称，for sport好玩，for sure确切地。4.动词+副词名词+for构成的短语：be in for将遇到，make up for弥补， go in for从事，l o ok out for提防，take sth. for granted把当作理所当然, have an ear for音感好, have a gift for有某方面的天赋。（五）、FROM 1.动词+from a）动词+ from。from表示“来源、原因、起始”等：come fr

15、om来自, date from追溯, depart from违背, die from死于, escape from逃出, fall from自跌落, hang from垂挂, hear from收到来信, learn from向某人学习, return from自某地返回， rise from自冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。All the characters in the book are drawn from real life. 书中所有的人物都来自于真实的生活。Any damage resulting from negligence must be

16、 paid for by the borrower. 因疏忽引起的任何损坏都应由借用者负责赔偿。He has recovered from his surprise. 他好不容易回过神来。b）动词+ sth.sb. +from + sth. sb. a place。from表示“来源、免于”等：borrow from向借, choose from选自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做, prevent from不准做, protect from不受之害, receive from收到, remove from移动；除去, save from保全；拯救, separate

17、 from分离开来, stop from阻止。He was excused from attendance at the lecture. 他获准可不去听课。Stop the child from spoiling the book. 不要让孩子弄坏了书。2. be +形容词+ from。此时from含义众多：be absent from缺席, be different from与众不同, be far from更不用说, be hidden from躲避, be made from用制成, be tired from因而疲倦。The boy cant walk and is far from

18、 running.那男孩不会走路，更不用说跑了。 3.fromto。本短语表示从一种状态到另一状态的变化或从到：from bad to worse每况愈下，from beginning to end自始至终， from cover to cover从头到尾，from China to Peru到处， from day to day一天一天地，from door to door挨家挨户， from end to end从头至尾，from first to last自始至终， from hand to mouth勉强糊口，from head to foot从头到脚， from mouth to m

19、outh广泛流传，from sun to sun从日出到日落， from start to finish从头开始，from top to toe从头到脚， from time to time不时地，from top to bottom彻底地。二按概数的构成分类 1以容器量化的方式表达概数: a bag of, two baskets of, a mouthful of, a plate of, a pot of, a mug of, a pack of （ 一包 ）， a pail of（ 一桶 ），a bowl of, a basin of, three cups of We bought

20、three bags of groceries.我们买了三袋食品。They ate a basket of plums.他们吃了一篮李子。If theres only a mouthful of food left in the bowl, I will give it to you.如果有我一口饭，我都让给你。On the table was a plate of beef and vegetables. 桌上有一盘牛肉和青菜。Father is a heavy smoker. He smoked a pack of cigarettes a day. 爸爸烟瘾大，一天一包烟。Two pot

21、s of jam were used in cooking.做饭用了两瓶果酱。I have a mug of milk and some bread for my breakfast. 我喝一大杯牛奶吃一点面包作为早餐。2用介词结构表达概数: in large quantities, in great numbers, in large amounts, , in pairs, in groups, in pieces, in dozens, in scores, in ones thousands, in ones thirties, in bulk, in multitude, in pl

22、enty, in the 1990s, in quantity, in pack, by ones and twos, by twos and threes , over., around, about, below, more than, without numbers Pack them in dozens.论打包装。He is a young man in his thirties.他是一位30多岁的年轻人。People came in scores.大家结队而来。Activities are coming forward in great numbers.活动积极分子纷纷涌向前来。Th

23、ey wandered off in pairs and chatted about their own affairs. 他们成双成对结伴而行，聊着家常小事。Things are usually cheaper if they are bought in bulk. 批量采购会便宜一些。Resources in plenty can be found in this territory. 本地能找到丰富的资源。The farms have water in plenty to last through the dry season. 农场水源充足，可供旱季使用。Heroic fighters

24、 emerged in multitude. 英勇的战士大量涌现。It is often less expensive to buy goods in quantity. 批量购物要便宜不少。Some people are standing about in small groups under the tree. 人们站在树下，三五成群。People began to leave the meeting by ones and twos. 大家三三两两地离开会场。Wolves hunt in packs.狼成群捕食。3借比喻或引申表达概数: a mountain of, an ocean o

25、f, oceans of, bags of（ 很多 ）, a dose of（ 大量 ），a stream of, a suggestion of （ 一点点 ）, a suspicion of（ 少许 ） He has a mountain of dirty clothes to wash. 他有一大堆脏衣服要洗。A mountain of letters arrived just after the report. 报告之后信件纷至沓来。Oceans of time and money were/ An ocean of time and money was spent on the pr

26、oject.大量时间和大批资金都投入到这项工程。No need to be hurried. We have bags of time. 不必着急，我们有充足的时间。There were bags of opportunities, but they lost them all. 机会众多，但他们都错过了。In the accident, the workers received a heavy dose of radiation. 工人在事故中受到严重幅射。Streams of cars were passing by.一串串汽车急驰而过。There was a suggestion of

27、boredom in his tone.在他声音里有一丝疲乏。She added a suspicion of garlic to the stew.他在?肉里加了一点蒜。There was a suspicion of tears in her eyes.他的眼中有一丝泪痕。三谈谈介词的否定意义 介词在英语中属于“小词”，事实上介词在英语中发挥的效力可不小。介词在英语中起着螺丝钉”的作用，它随处可见，且功能强大。其功能之一就是，它可以和介词宾语一起构成许多否定意义的成语或词组。介词否定表达简捷明意义深刻，其译文多采用译。1.Above The text is above me.（无法理解）

28、She thinks she is above criticism. （不容批评） The child is above all nervousness. （一点也不紧张） His conduct has always been above suspicion. （无可怀疑） I think a gentleman like him is above doing such a thing. （不屑于） Dont depend on me. Its above my bend. （力不所及） He is above the weather now. （无病的） 2.Against Almost everything was against him. （不利于） Hes always doing his best, against all