高考英语一轮复习 考点通关练 专题一 语法基础 考点七 情态动词和虚拟语气Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、6One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.答案shall在正式条文中规定的内容用shall。7We were stuck at the airport because of the heavy fog, otherwise we _ （arrive） here in time for the conference.答案would/could/should/might have arrived句意：我们因为大雾被困在机场，否则就能及时赶上这儿的会议了。otherwise“否则”，本句

2、中其前面是一般过去时，故后半句是与过去事实相反的含蓄虚拟语气。故用would/could/should/might have arrived。8Its no easy task to catch a ticket on a website that receives 1 billion clicks daily.I cant agree with you more. There _ be errors for every single step.答案can/may句意：在每天十亿次点击量的网站上订到一张票是一项艰难的任务。我完全同意你。而且每一个步骤都有可能会出错。根据语境可知，答话人表达的是

3、对困难情况的一种推测。can“有可能，会”，表示可能性，符合语境。也可以用may“也许，可能”。9Dont worry about me, because I _ take care of myself.答案cancan“能，会”，表示有能力。10I lost her phone number, otherwise I _ （ring） her up.答案would/could/should/might have rung句意：我丢了她的电话号码，否则的话，我就会给她打电话了。由句意及otherwise可知，后半句话是与过去事实相反的含蓄虚拟语气，故填would/could/should/mi

4、ght have rung。11Antarctica is so mystically described by some people. If only I _ （be） there!答案had been句意：南极洲被一些人描述得很神奇。如果我去过那里就好了！if only后面的句子应使用虚拟语气，表示与过去情况相反的假设，应使用过去完成时，故答案为had been。12Im really very busy, otherwise I _ go shopping with you.答案would/should/could/might句意：我真的很忙，否则我就和你一起去购物了。由“Im rea

5、lly very busy”可知，此处表示与现在情况相反的假设，应用“should/would/could/might动词原形”。13It _ （be） Mr. Black because he is away on a trip to China.答案cant be句意：那人不可能是布莱克先生，因为他去中国旅游了。根据because引导的原因状语从句的内容可知，说话者的推测很有把握。表示非常有把握的否定推测应该用cant。14You _ as well tell us now; well find out sooner or later.答案may/might句意：你最好现在告诉我们，我们迟

6、早会查明的。may/might as well是固定搭配，意为“最好，倒不如”。15Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _ （drink） too much at the party last night. 答案must have drunk句意：哈里现在感觉不舒服，他昨晚在聚会上一定饮酒过度了。根据句意及last night可知，此处是对过去事情的比较肯定的推测，故用must have done。16I _ like you to fetch that document for me now.答案would句意：我想要你现在就帮我把那份文件取来。would

7、like sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”。17The door _ open, no matter how hard she pushed.答案wouldnt句意：无论她怎么用力推，门总是打不开。主语The door为物，且pushed表示过去，故填wouldn18_ it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.答案Should本句中条件句是对将来状况的虚拟，所以要用should do或were to do结构。同时，当条件句中有助动词had, were, should时，可以将if省略，把这些助动词

8、放在句首，构成倒装结构。19The welldressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop. Strangely enough, she _ have done such a thing.答案should句意：那位衣着讲究的女士正在时装店偷东西时被抓了。真让人感到奇怪，她竟然会做出这种事。should“竟然”，表示惊讶的语气。20_ you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone?Sorry, Sir, but its urgent.答案Must根据第二个问句可知，此处应用must, 意为

9、“非要，偏要”，用来告诉某人他的举止使你很生气或困扰。21Ive ordered some pizza, so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.答案neednt 句意：我已经预订了一些比萨饼，所以当我们到家感到累的时候就不必担心做饭的事了。根据句意可知，答案为needn22If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he _ （be） able to speak it much better now.答案would/might/could/should

10、 be根据句子结构及时间状语now可知，此题为混合式虚拟语气，主句表示与现在事实相反的假设，故用would/might/could/should be。23If you _ （follow） the doctors advice, you would be all right now.答案had followed句意：如果你当初听了医生的建议，你现在就好了。根据句意可知，从句表示的动作与过去事实相反，主句表示的动作与现在事实相反。由此可知，答案为had followed。24We often hear that children wish they _ （be） grownups, and t

11、hat old people wish to be young.答案were句意：我们经常听到孩子们希望长大，而老人希望年轻。wish后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气。根据wish可知，空格处是对现在情况的假设，故用were。25I am sure I saw Brian in the park this morning.You _ be imagining things. He left for America last night.我确信今天上午我在公园里见到了布莱恩。你一定是在胡思乱想。他昨天夜里去美国了。must用于肯定句，意为“一定”，表示非常有把握的推测。26Ill have to wr

12、ite a report about “Jane Eyre” next week, but I havent got the book yet.Dont worry. You _ have it by noon tomorrow.答案shall句意：我下周要写一篇关于简爱的报告，但我还没有书呢。别担心。到明天中午你就会拿到了。shall与第二、三人称连用，用于陈述句表示说话者给对方的允诺。27I _ thank you too much because without your help I wouldnt have won first prize.我都不知道该怎么谢你了。没有你的帮助我不会获

13、得一等奖。cant与too连用，意为“再也不为过”。28It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _ （do） it?答案had done 句意：是约翰打坏的窗户，你为什么和我说呢？好像是我打坏的一样。第一句已经说明是约翰打坏的窗户，所以第二句中as if后面要用虚拟语气，而且是对过去的虚拟，故填had done。29Mr. Johnsons proposal was that we _ （cancel） the examination and ask the students to write te

14、rm papers instead.答案（should） cancel句意：约翰逊先生的提议是我们应该取消考试，而让学生写学期论文。在proposal, suggestion, order, request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中一般要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“（should）动词原形”。30Catherine would rather that she _ （take） the pain instead of her baby. We cant imagine how upset she was.答案had taken句意：凯瑟琳宁愿自己代替她的宝宝受苦。 我们难以想

15、象她多么难受。would rather后面接从句时应用虚拟语气。根据后一句中的how upset she was可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词应用“had过去分词”。二、改正下列句子中的错误（每句只有1处错误）。1He might have gone to bed, for the light was out._答案mightmust句意：他一定已经上床睡觉了，因为灯已经灭了。must have done表示对过去已经发生的事情的肯定推测。might have done“可能做过某事”，表示对过去已经发生的事情的把握不大的推测。2He commanded that roa

16、ds built to link castles across the land.答案built前加（should） becommand后面的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，又roads和build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填（should） be built。3He doesnt need go to the party this afternoon if he has something important to do.答案go前加to句意：如果他有重要的事情要做的话，今天下午他就不必去参加聚会了。根据doesnt可知，need在此题中不是情态动词，而是实义动词，因此后面需要用to do形式。

17、4We must go to the concert tonight, but we are not sure yet.答案mustmay句意：我们今天晚上有可能去音乐会，但是还不确定。must表示肯定的猜测，而may“可能会”表示把握不大的推测。5I wish I was a bird and could fly freely in the blue sky.答案waswerewish后的从句应用虚拟语气，根据wish可知，这里应表示与现在情况相反的虚拟语气，在虚拟语气中，be动词的过去式不论人称、不论单复数一律用were。6You need have studied that late l

18、ast night. It was harmful to your health.答案needneednt由后面的句子可知，前一句句意为“昨天晚上你不应该学到那么晚”，因此应用need的否定形式。neednt have done“本不必做某事（而实际上做了）”。7If I was five years younger, I would take the job.答案waswere句意：如果我能年轻五岁的话，我就会接受这份工作。 if虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反时，从句谓语动词用were或did，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/mightdo”来表示。8If I persu

19、aded him not to do so, he wouldnt have made such a serious mistake.答案persuaded前加had根据主句中的wouldnt have made可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，因此if从句用过去完成时。9Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he does something instead of just talking.答案doesdid/should do“Its high timethat从句”句式中从句用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语用did/should do，shoul

20、d不可以省略。10I should very much like to have gone to the party but I was invited.答案invited前加not句意：本来我非常想去参加这个聚会，但是没人邀请我。should like to have done意为“本想做而未做某事”，由此可知事实是：聚会已经举办过了，当时我“没有”受到邀请。11It has been announced that students might remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.答案mightshal

21、l句意：根据宣布的内容，学生必须呆在自己的座位上直到所有的试卷收完为止。shall用于二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话者允诺、警告、命令或威胁等语气；此外，当颁布法律、规定时也用shall。此句shall的用法属于后者。12He may be the wanted man: he is exactly like the one in this picture.答案maymust句意：他一定是通缉犯，他太像这张照片上的人。must表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定”。13We would as well stay where we are, because the outside is unsafe.

22、答案wouldmay/might句意：我们最好待在现在待的地方，因为外面不安全。“may/might as well动词原形”为固定用法，意思是“不妨，还是好”。14Its so cold today. If it should get warmer this afternoon, I will wash my car.答案willwould句意：今天真冷。如果今天下午天气变暖的话，我会去洗洗车。后一句中从句时间状语是this afternoon，表示将来；从句的谓语是“should动词原形”，表示与将来事实相反的假设，因此主句谓语用“would动词原形”。15If Rose hadnt lo

23、st her left leg in the accident last year, she wouldnt have sit in the wheelchair now.答案去掉have句意：如果罗丝没有在去年的那场事故中失去她的左腿，她现在就不会坐在轮椅上了。该句使用了混合虚拟语气，主句与从句所指的时间不一致，主句与从句的时态应根据实际的时间概念确定。根据句意及now可知，主句为对现在的虚拟，应用wouldnt sit。情态动词一、can/could1表示能力：can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力；2.表可能性：一般用于否定句及疑问句中，could也可用于肯定句，can用于肯定句

24、中时表示理论上的可能性或一时的可能性，常译为“有时候会”；3.表示许可：could表示委婉、客气的语气，但回答时必须用can。Although he is only four, he can play the piano.That cant be Mary, for she is in hospital.Can I use your computer for a while?Could I borrow your bicycle?Yes, you can./No, you cant.二、may/might1表示请求、允许时，might比may更委婉、客气；2.表推测：表示把握性不大的推测，mi

25、ght表示的可能性比may更小；may/might as well do sth.意为“不妨做某事；还是做某事为好”。Might I use your computer?This pen may be Toms.You may as well start at once.三、shall/should1shall用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中，表示征求对方意见；2.shall用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示命令、警告、许诺等；3.should表示“应该”，表主观，而ought to（应该）表示客观；4.should可表示推测，意为“应该会；想必会”；5.should还可表示惊讶、意外等，意为“竟然”。Shall he come in or wait outside?You shall hand in the repor