1、在弹性范围内大多数材料服从虎克定律,即变形与受力成正比。纵向应力与纵向应变的比例常数就是材料的弹性模量E,也叫杨氏模量。横向应变与纵向应变之比值称为泊松比,也叫横向变性系数,它是反映材料横向变形的弹性常数。常用材料的弹性模量、切变模量和泊松比如下序号材料弹性模量EGpa切变模量GGpa泊松比1镍铬钢、合金钢20679.380.250.32碳钢196206790.240.283铸钢17220273760.34球墨铸铁1401545灰铸铁、白口铸铁113157440.230.27材料名称温度20100200300400500弹性模量(GPa)08#20318215314115#2011921841
2、7215820#21120720218716925#19819619118516445#209186174620G197183708AL21421220017981Cr1321718992Cr13228208180103Cr13219210181114Cr13215194173124Cr10Si2Mo168139Cr18140Cr18Ni9199151Cr18Ni9170160Cr17Ni21931481712Cr1MoV1951812Cr2MoWVTiB1915CrMo2041772015CrMnMoVA2118CrNiW1781672218Cr2Ni4WA2320CrMnTi2425Cr12wMoV2162052528CrNiMoV1902630CrMnSiA1621572730CrMnSiNi2A2835CrMo2132940Cr3040CrNiMo3140CrNiMoA3250CrVA1613316MnG3416MnR3516MnL3640MnB1753760SI2Mn1763860SI2MnA39BHW3540QT60-2166152