语法复习定语从句讲解2B巩固练习含答案Word文档格式.docx

1、找出共同点：a man和he二删：删去重复点：删去he三替：用关系词替换先行词：用who/that替换he四放：放在一起：He is a man who/that is in red.二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics.（做主语） 我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。These are musicians who make us happy.（做主语） 这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。People who eat a balanced diet are heal

2、thier.（做主语） 平衡饮食的人是健康的。 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。 Do you know the young man （whom） we met at the gate？（作宾语） 你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗？ Mr. Lee （whom） you want to see has come.（作宾语） 你想见的李先生已经来了。 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.（作定语） 她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。 I know the boy whos

3、e father is a professor.（作定语） 我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。 4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。 A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.（作主语） 字典是给单词释义的一本书。 Here is the book （which） the teacher mentioned yesterday.（作宾语） 这是老师昨天提到的那本书。 5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我喜欢具有优美歌

4、词的音乐。（作主语）Carmen likes music thats loud. Carmen喜欢大声的音乐。I like music that I can dance to. 我喜欢能伴舞的音乐。 6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。 Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm. 我从来不会忘记我们工作在农场的那个时光。 He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left. 在我离开的那天他到的北京。 7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。 This is the house

5、where we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的那个房子。 The factory where his father works is in the east of the city. 他的父亲工作的工厂是在城市的东边。三、关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词可作状语。1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。 I dont like people who talk muc

6、h but do little. 我不喜欢说话多做事少的人。 The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well. 在湖北省生产的汽车销量好。2. 作宾语 She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. 她是我昨天在校门口遇到的那个人。 The book that my grandmother gave me is called The Great Escape. 我奶奶给我的那本书叫做胜利大逃亡。3. 作定语：关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。Wha

7、ts the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? 他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男士叫什么名字？The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard. 她的父亲是一位老师的那个女孩学习非常努力。4. 作状语Ill never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. 我从来不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。This is the house where I was born. 这是我出生的那个房子。四、具体使用时还要注意下列问题：【重点】1. 只

8、能使用that,不用which 的情况：1）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which。He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。2）被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which。Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？在商店里你有什么东西要买吗？3）先行词被the only，the v

9、ery，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。4）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。5）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.Who is the girl that is crying？ 正

10、在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？6）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。2. 只能用which，不用that的情况：1）先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.Whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。3）引导非限制性定

11、语从句，用which，而不用that. Tom came back，which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。3. 关系代词 whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 或 which 放先行词后，而将介词置于定语从句的后面。That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room which we had lived in for ten years. 那是我们居住了十年的房子。真题练习1.【2

12、019 四川省达州市】Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _ waiting in a line?They are the students from No. 1 Primary School. A. that are B. where are C. which is D. who is2.【2019 内蒙古呼和浩特市】Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat _ tell you your weight?A. / B. wh

13、o C. whom D. that3.【2019 湖南省湘潭市】On Monday April 15， 2019， the fire _ broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world. A. that B. who C. where4.【2019 广西省玉林市】Hey, Anna, Would you like to see The White Storm with me?You mean, the new police story _ was filmed by Chen Musheng.A. who B. what

14、 C. whose D. which5. 【2019 四川省成都市】The boy _ lost is crying there.How do you know he gets lost?A. Whose B. who C. whos6.【2019 江苏省淮安市】The charities have helped more children with the money _ people raise.A. who B. what C. where D. which7.【2019 湖北省黄冈市】Tomorrow is Fathers Day. Whats your surprise for yo

15、ur father? The first thing _ I will do is to make a card for him.A. who B. where C. whose D. that8.【2019 甘肃省兰州市】The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.A. who B. which C. where D. when9.【2019 四川省乐山市】What are you looking for?Im looking for the storybook _ you lent to me last week.A. who

16、B. which C. when10.【2019 山东省临沂市】Peppa Pig （小猪佩奇） is a British cartoon _ has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.A. who B. which C. /11.【2019 四川省眉山市】Success always belongs to those _ have tried their best to make their dreams come true.A. who B. whom C. whose

17、D. which12.【2019 湖北省随州市】What kind of movies do you like? I prefer movies _ give me something to think about.A. which B. who C. what D. when13.【2019 甘肃省武威市】I prefermusic _ has great lyrics.A. who B. whose C. that D. /14.【2019 湖南省长沙市】China is getting better at making hi-tech products _ can be bought i

18、n all parts of the world.A. who B. which C. what15.【2019 广东省中考】Not all children _ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.A. whom B. which C. who D. whose16.【2019 湖北省鄂州市】Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV?Sure. Its a great TV program _ ca

19、n develop the habit of reading.A. who B. that C. what D. whose17.【2019 福建省中考】Du Fuguo is a hero _ is known to millions of Chinese people.A. who B. which C. what18.【2019 河南省中考】Do you know the boy over there?The one _ is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.A. what B. which C.who D.不填19.【2019 黑龙

20、江省哈尔滨市】Haveyougotreadyforthesoccergame?Yes.Ivedoneeverything _ Icantowingame.A. who B. that C.which20.【2019 湖南省湘西州】What kind of movies do you like？A. that B. what C. where巩固提升1Mary is a young cook _ wants to improve school dinners. Awho Bwhose Cwhom Dwhich2 Pauls uncle is the man _ taught us English

21、 last year Awhere Bwhich Cwho Dwhen3. Is there any student in your class _ family is in Beijing?A. whose B. which C. that D. who4. Hetookpicturesandvideosofmanythingsthatpeople_.A. haveseenago B. hadagoC. haveneverbefore D. hadbefore5. Is this factory _ you went to last summer?A. that B. the one C.

22、which D. who6. The number of the students _ stayed up late last night reached fifty.A. who B. whom C. what D. which7. The teacher _ we saw yesterday is Mr Wang, a new comer.A. B. where C. what D. how8. It sounded like a bird _ was flying over my head.A. who B. how C. what D. which9. We dont know the

23、 name of the fish _ eat people in the river in South America.10. On my way home after school yesterday I met a young man _ I thought was your best friend Tom.A. whom B. what C. which D. who11. Zhang Lili is considered as the most beautiful teacher gave her love to her students in danger. A. who B. t

24、hat C. whom D. which12. The little boy was wrapping the present _ would be sent to his teacher. A. who B. / C. what D. that13. Success will belong to those _never say “impossible”.A. whom B. what C. who D. which14. What are you looking for? Im looking for the ring _my husband bought me last year.A.

25、that B. who C. whom D. it15. This is the primary school _ I studied three years ago. A. where B. when C. that D. which参考答案：真题：1-5ADADC 6-10 DDBBB 11-15AACBC 16-20BACBA巩固：1. A。句意：Mary是一位想改善学校餐饮的年轻厨师。本题考查定语从句中的关系代词的用法。先行词cook（厨师）指人，故排除D；因为先行词在从句中作主语，故选A。2. C。Paul的叔叔是去年教我们英语的那个人。本题考查了定语从句中关系代词的用法。先行词为t

26、he man，且在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词，排除A、D两项；先行词指人，排除B项。3. A。本题的意思为“你们班有家在北京的学生吗？”从句的先行词为student, 所填的词应在定语从句中作 family的定语， whose指代“那个学生的”，正合题意。4. D。that引导的为定语从句，用来修饰它前面的名词，句意为“他拍了一些人们从未看见过的照片和磁带录像。”“从未看见过的”动作发生在“拍照”的动作以前，故应用过去完成时。5. B。句意是“这是你们去年夏天去过的那家工厂吗?”解答该题时，如果不注意分析句子的成分很容易误选。此题的主语是this factory，you went to l

27、ast summer是定语从句。但在主句中缺少表语成分。表语the one后省了关系代词that。引导定语从句的关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可省去。因此A，C，D不对。6. A。定语从句中缺主语。先行词是the students，所以关系代词应用who。7. A。the teacher是先行词，在定语从句中省略了saw的宾语whom。8.D。先行词不是指人，故答案A不对。B和C均是副词。9. D。the fish是先行词，应由which引导定语从句，故只能选D。10. D。who在定语从句中做主语。从句中的I thought是个插入语。11. B。由于先行词teacher被形容词最高级修饰，所以定语从句的引导词只能用that。12. D。由于定语从句的先行词是present，所以引导词只能选D答案。13. C。考查定语从句的引导词，因为先行词指的是人，所以引导词选择答案C。14. A.。定语从句的先行词是物，引导词在定语从句中作宾语，所以选择答案A。15.A。句意为 “这是我三年前学习的小学”。句中的引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以选择答案A。