考点02 代词和数词中考英语语法考点纵览Word格式.docx

1、单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称youyouryoursyourselfyourselves第三人称hehimhishimselfsheherhersherselfititsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves二、代词考点纵览 考点一：人称代词 考点1：主格用作主语和表语。典型例题 1_ is Sunday today. _ is a fine day.A. Today; This B. It; That C. It; It D. It; This 答案：C（It用来表示时间和天气，用作主语）典型例题 2I

2、t was_ who helped us a lot.A. her B. hers C. she D. himC（这里she用来作表语，用主格形式）典型例题 3_ like sports.A. I B. Me C. Mine D. UsA（这里用作主语，所以用主格I）考点2：宾格用作宾语（用于动词和介词的后面），口语中也可用作表语。Please give_ a pen.A. I B. me C. mine D. myselfB（me用作动词give的宾语）This present is for_.A. she B. hers C. her D. he C（her用作介词for的宾语）考点3：人

3、称代词的顺序：单数：你，她（他），我【you, she/he and I】;复数：我们，你们，他们【we, you, they】_ are in the same school.A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. You, I and sheB（单数人称代词的排列顺序为：二、三、一）These apples are for_.A. Mary and me B. Mary and I C. me and Mary D. I and MaryA （单数人称代词的排列顺序为：二、三、一，所以用Mary and me）_ a

4、re all from Beijing.A. You, we and they B. We, you and they C. They, you and we D. We, they and youB（复数人称代词的排列顺序为：一、二、三）考点4：it的特殊用法：it除了指“事”或“物”以外，还常用于指时间、天气、距离、形式主语和形式宾语等。典型例题1_ is a rainy day today.A. This B. It C. That D. TheseB典型例题2（it这里表示天气情况）_ is about ten minutes walk from here.A. It B. This

5、C. That D. TheseA（it这里用来表示距离）典型例题3I think _important to keep healthy.A. it B. this C. that D. theseA（这里it用作形式宾语，代替后面的动词不定式宾语to keep healthy） 考点二：形容词性物主代词起形容词作用，用来修饰名词，放在名词前，不可单独使用。_ schoolbag is heavier than mine.A. You B. Your C. Yours D. Yourself B（这里用形容词性物主代词your来修饰名词schoolbag）-Is this your Engli

6、sh book? -No, _book is over there.A. mine B. his C. my D. IC（这里用形容词性物主代词my来修饰名词book）On my way home, I saw a boy looking for_ mother.A. he B. his C. her D. hers B（his mother表示“他的妈妈”）名词性的物主代词在句中起名词作用，可以单独使用，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。Your shoes are white. _ are black.A. Mine B. My C. Me D. IA（mine相当于my shoes）典型

7、例题2This book is mine and that book is _.A. her B. hers C. she D. herselfB（hers相当于her book）I like that blue shirt. Is it _?A. you B. your C. yours D. yourselfC（yours相当于your blue shirt）常用的含有物主代词的固定词组。on ones way （to）在某人去的路上of ones own 某人自己的do ones homework 做（某人的）作业to ones surprise/joy令某人感到惊讶/高兴地是 考点三：

8、用作动词宾语或介词宾语。I taught _ English.A. me B. myself C. I D. mineB（这里表示“我教自己英语”）She often says to_,“I believe I can!”A. her B. herself C. hers D. himB（say to oneself表示“自言自语”）You should take care of _ when your parents are out.A. A. you B. yourself C. your D. yoursB（这里表示“在你父母外出的时候，你应该照顾好你自己”）用作同位语。The teac

9、her_ will visit Peters parents.A. her B. herself C. she D. himB（这里herself指代前面的the teacher）The thing_ is not important.A. itself B. it C. its D. itsA（这里表示“事情本身不是很重要”）常用的含有反身代词的固定词组。by oneself 独自help oneself to 随便吃make oneself at home 别拘束，像在自己家一样enjoy oneself 玩得开心hurt oneself 弄伤自己teach oneself 自学say t

10、o oneself 自言自语look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子 考点四：指示代词表示“这个，那个，这些，那些”指向性的代词为指示代词，主要有：this, that, these, those。其中this， these指在时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物； that， those指在时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。this和that指代的是单数名词， these和those指代的是复数名词。指示代词的一般用法：作主语或作定语（用于名词前）。Look at _desks. They are all new. A. these B. this C. that D.

11、 itA（这里用these来修饰后面的复数名词desks）Please pass me _ tomatoes in that room and I want to cook some soup.A. those B. these C. this D. thatA（这里表示“把那个房间里那些苹果递给我”）注意：问句中有指示代词，在回答时，要用人称代词it代替this和that, they 代替these 和those。对比：错误：Whats this on the desk? This is a ruler.正确： Its a ruler.考点2: 指示代词的特殊用法。特殊用法1：电话用语中，T

12、his is表示“我是” Is that?表示“你是吗？-Hello, may I speak to Tom?-Hello,_ is Tom speaking.A. it B. this C. that D. these B（在电话用于中this表示“我”）-Hello, is_ Tom speaking?-Yes, this is Tom speaking.A. this B. that C. it D. theseB（在电话用于中that表示“你”）-Who is speaking?-This is Tom.A. this B. that C. it D. these 特殊用法2：that

13、, those常用来代替前面出现过的名词或名词词组，以免重复。The weather in winter in Shanghai is much warmer than_ in Beijing.A. that B. this C. it D. thoseA（这里的that指代前面的不可数名词the weather）The apples in that box are bigger than_ in this box.A. that B. those C. these D. thisB（这里的those指代前面的可数名词复数apples）The flowers in his garden are

14、 more beautiful than_ in my garden.A. those B. these C. that D. itsA（这里的those代替前面的复数名词flowers） 考点五：疑问代词疑问代词主要有 which（哪一个）， who/whom（谁）， whose（谁的）， what（什么），它们和一些疑问副词how, when, where, why等用法类似，放在句首，后面跟一般疑问句，构成特殊疑问句。-_ is the blackboard?-It is a rectangle.A. What B. What shape C. What color D. What si

15、zeB（what shape表示“什么形状”）-_ is this blue bag? -Its Mikes.A. Who B. Whose C. What D. WhichB（这里的whose表示“谁的”）-_do you prefer, tea or coffee?-Tea, please.A. What B. How C. Where D. WhichD（这里表示“在茶和咖啡中，你更喜欢哪一个”，所以用which） 考点六：不定代词不定代词是不明确代替哪个具体名词的代词。常用的不定代词有：one, ones, both, all, either, neither, other, anot

16、her, none, each, every, some, any, many, much, （a）few, （a）little等。还有由some-, any-, no-和every-合成的不定代词。one 和ones 的用法：one/ones 指人或物，可作主语、表语和宾语。one 用来替代前面的单数名词，ones用来替代前面的复数名词，以避免重复。I lost my old camera; this is a new_.A. ones B. one C. it D. this B（这里的one用来代替前面可数名词单数camera，表示同一类事物）Red apples often taste

17、 better than green _.A. one B. ones C. its D. thisB（这里的ones用来代替前面可数名词复数apples，表示同一类事物）either, neither, both和all的用法either 两者中的任何一个。neither 两者都不。both 两者都。all 三者或以上都。There are a lot of trees on _ side of the street.A. both B. every C. either D. allC（on either side of the street表示“在街道的任何一边”，后面的side是单数形式

18、，所以用either）_of his parents are teachers.A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. AllB（这里表示“父母两个人都是老师”）_ of the students are happy on Childrens Day.A. All B. Both C. Neither D. EitherA（这里表示“所有的学生在儿童节那天都很开心”）the other, another的用法：the other表示（两者中的）另一个。another 表示（多个中的）另一个。I have two uncles. One is a policeman an

19、d _ is a doctor.A. the other B. another C. others D. the others A（表示“两个叔叔中的另外一个是医生，所以用the other”）Here are three apples. One is red, _ is green and the third is yellow.A. the other B. another C. others D. the othersB（三个苹果中的另一个，用another）I have three friends. Two of them are from China and _ is from En

20、gland.A（这里the other表示“三者中除了两个之外的另外一个”）others和the others的用法：others表示别的，另一些（人或物），不包括所有其余的。the others表示所有其余的。After class, some students are talking with each other, and_ are playing games.A. the other B. the others C. others D. anotherC（这里others表示“不确定的另外一些学生”）I have got ten pencils. Two of them are red

21、 and _ are blue.A. the others B. the other C. others D. anotherA（这里the others表示“另外的八支铅笔”）She has six sons. One is more intelligent than_.A. other B. the other C. others D. the others D（这里the others表示“另外的五个儿子”）考点5：some和any的用法:some表示一些，一般用于肯定句中。any 表示一些，用于否定句和一般疑问句中。There are _ apples in the box.A. so

22、me B. any C. little D. a littleA（肯定句中用some修饰可数名词复数apples）Do you have _ water here?A. some B. any C. few D. manyB（一般疑问句中用any修饰不可数名词water）I dont have _ bananas.A. some B. any C. little D. much B（否定句中用any修饰可数名词复数bananas）1.疑问句一般不用some，只有当表示邀请或期待对方做出肯定回答时才能用some。例如：Would you like some coffee?你想要来点咖啡吗？2.s

23、ome修饰可数名词单数时，不是“一些”的含义，而是“某个”。Hes waiting for some friend.他在等某个朋友。3.any 用于肯定句，后面修饰可数名词单数时，表示“任一”。The teacher likes any student in her class. 这个老师喜欢他班里的每一个学生。考点6：（a）few和（a）little的用法:few, little:几乎没有（否定语气）a few, a little: 一些，少数（肯定语气）few, a few指可数的事物，只能与可数名词复数搭配little, a little指不可数事物，只能与不可数名词搭配Lets buy

24、 some milk. There is _ in the fridge.A. few B. a few C. little D. a littleC（这里表示“冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了”，所以用little）He has _ friends. He often plays with them.B（这里表示“他有几个朋友，所以经常一起玩”，所以用a few）He has_ friends. He is always alone.A（这里表示“他没有朋友，所以总是很孤单”，所以用few）考点7：many 和much 的用法：many表示许多，指可数的事物，只能与可数名词复数搭配；much表示许多，指

25、不可数的事物，只能与不可数名词搭配。Would you like to have a look at my stamps? I have _.A. much B. many C. little D. a littleB（这里用many修饰前面的可数名词复数stamps）He doesnt know _ about this company.A. much B. many C. little D. a little A（这里用much修饰know）Here are so_ oranges. May I have_?A. much, some B. many, few C. many, some D. few, someC（这里表示“这儿有很多橙子，你要不要吃一些”）考点8：some-, any-, every-和no-可以分别和-thing, -body, -one构成合成不定代词，下面以-thing为例：something表示某事，用于肯定句；anyth