最新人教版八年级英语上册期末复习知识点总结.doc

1、Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?Activities：（写出动词过去式）go on vacation去度假 be on vacation 度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few相当多 study for为而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然

2、 feel like给的感觉；感受到feel like doing sth go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of因为one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, o

3、ther, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等，以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而 no 和 every 则只用作定语。复合不定代词：由some，any，no，every加上-body,-one,-thing构成的不定代词，叫做复合

4、不定代词。somebody = someone某人 something 某物，某事anybody = anyone任何人 anything什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物nobody = no one没有人，不重要的人 nothing没有东西，什么也没有;不重要的人或事everybody = everyone每人,人人,所有人 everything每一个事物，一切词组：for nothing(徒劳，没有好结果，免费)，nothing but(仅仅，只不过)，Its nothing. (不用谢，不必在意) anybody else(别人)（1）复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句子中作主语、宾语和表语

5、，而不能作定语。 Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。（作主语）I have nothing to say toady.我今天没什么可讲的。（作宾语）Thats nothing.没什么。（作表语）（2）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。（3）代替与-thing构成的复合不定代词，用it；代替与-body, -one构成的复合不定代词，一般用they，在正式文体中可用he。如：Everyone knows what they have to do, dont they ？Everyone knows what he has to do, doesnt h

6、e ? 每个人都知道他必须做什么，不是吗？（2）something和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。（肯定句）Someone is asking to see you.有人要见你。 （肯定句）Has anything happened ？出什么事了吗？ （疑问句）We cant decide anything now.我们现在不能作什么决定。 （否定句）If you want anything, call m

7、e.你要是需要什么可以给我打电话。（条件状语从句）（3）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，形容词或不定式等其他定语则须放在它们的后面。 There is nothing wrong with the machine.这机器没出什么毛病。（形容词）This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。（形容词）Is there anything important in todays newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗？（形容词）Do you want anything to drink ?你想喝点什么吗？If there is anything I can do for

8、 you , please tell me.如果有什么我能帮你的，请告诉我。除与-thing构成的复合不定代词外，即everyone、everybody、someone，somebody都有所有格形式；当其后有else时，s要加在else后面。如： That must be somebody elses coat; it isnt mine. 那一定是别人的外衣，不是我的。 everyone=everybody, anyone=anybody, 只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如：Is anybody here? 有人吗？

9、You can take any one of these. 你可以随便拿一个。与some-，any-构成的复合不定代词的用法与some, any的用法相同。与any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中，notany-构成完全否定，但没有any-not的说法；与some-构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句、预料作肯定回答的疑问句、建议或请求的疑问句中【巧记复合代词分合】：分合皆能单独用，后加of合不成。【巧学不定代词】：不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物taste + adj. 尝起来lo

10、ok+adj. 看起来smell 闻起来 sound 听起来 feel 感觉起来taste deliciouslook beautifulsmell terrible sound wonderful feel comfortable /tired / bored/nothingbut+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来 No one seemed to be bored. seem to do sth.arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地decide to do sth.决定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 /

11、 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth. 反复做某事有小停歇Why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于 it

12、 is + adj. + for sb. +to do sth对某人来说做怎么样tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事want sb. (not) to do sth. 想要某人（不要）做某事1.anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I cant find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here.2. seem +

13、 形容词 看起来. You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像；似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像，似乎. It seems like a god idea. 3. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave

14、.4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。He started doing his homework. 但以下几种情况不能用begin .1)创办，开办： He started a new bllkshop last month.2)机器开动： I cant start my car.3)出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.5. over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old.在之上，与物体垂直且不接触，

15、与 under 相反。 There is a map over the blackboard.超过： I hear the news over the radio. 遍及： I want to travel all over the world.6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.Much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。 The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或