微观经济学前四章习题Word文件下载.docx

1、 A） periods of famine. B） monopolization of existing supplies of goods. C） monopolization of resources to provide goods. D） monopolization of outlets to sell goods. E） none of the above. E4. Distribution in economics refers to: A） retailing, wholesaling, and transportation. B） what. C） how. D） for w

2、hom. E） none of the above. D5. The three questions of what, how, and for whom: A） relate to the three factors of production. B） exist because of scarcity. C） are more of a problem in a market economy. D） are more of a problem in a command economy. E） are no longer relevant. 6.The description of econ

3、omics as, cool heads in the service of warm hearts, means that: A） allocating scarce resources may require painful decisions. B） costs and benefits need to be weighed objectively. C） the proper balance must be struck between the discipline of the market and the generosity of the welfare state. D） al

4、l of the above. 7. When moving along a production possibilities frontier, the opportunity cost to society of obtaining more of one of the two goods: A） is measured in dollar terms. B） usually decreases as more of the good is produced. C） is measured by the amount of the other good that must be given

5、 up. D） is measured by the additional resources that must be used to produce the good. E） is usually constant. C8.These data reflect three possible combinations of food and nothing that can be produced from a given set of resources. Food 10 5 0 Clothing O X 50 Refer to the above data. If both clothi

6、ng and food always use all inputs in the same proportion, then X must be: A） 25. B） more than 25. C） less than 25. D） 50. E） cannot not be determined from the data 9. Being on the production-possibility frontier between guns and butter means that: A） it is impossible to produce any more guns. B） it

7、is impossible to produce any more butter. C） more guns can be produced only by doing without some butter. D） population is in equilibrium. E） if society becomes more productive in producing butter, then we can have more butter but not more guns. 10. A shift in a production-possibility frontier can r

8、esult from: A） unemployment. B） inflation. C） changes in production techniques. D） changes in the combination of goods produced. E） changes in consumers tastes. 11Figure 1-1Which point on the production-possibility frontiers drawn in Figure 1 indicates no consumption goods being produced? A） A. B） B

9、. C） C. D） D. E） E. Ans:12. Of the following points, which point reflects the most efficient use of available resources in relation to frontier AE in Figure 1-1? A） F. B） G. D） H. E） Cannot tell from the information provided. 13.Relative to frontier AE in Figure 1-1, which of the following points is

10、 least efficient? A） B. B） C C） B. D） C. E） F. 14. Point A on which panel in Figure 1-2 represents an inefficient use of resources? A） Panel A. B） Panel B. C） Panel C. D） Panel D. E） Panel E.15. For a theory to be useful, it must be confirmed in each test case. FalseCHAPTER 21. In a market system, t

11、he what decision is made most basically by A） representative government. B） national planning. C） bankers. D） advertisers and their ability to persuade buyers. E） spending decisions of those with money. 2. In a market economy, the presumed harmony between individual and public interest depends upon:

12、 A） the good will of private business people. B） careful planning and coordination of economic activity. C） altruism on the part of consumers. D） competitive markets and the pursuit of self-interest by individuals. E） the wisdom of government decisions. 3. Pollution control policy is directed first

13、and foremost at improving: A） equity. B） efficiency. C） stability. E） none of the above 4. Who is in charge of a market economy? That is, what agents and factors are the most important in determining market outcomes? A） Large companies. B） Congress and the president. C） Consumers alone. D） All produ

14、cers. E） Consumers and technology. 5. The principle of the invisible hand claims that: A） the selfish pursuits of everyones own interest will lead to the best good for all under market competition. B） government must gently guide economic activity so that the best for all will be attained. C） govern

15、ment policies work like an invisible hand, steering resources to their best use. D） producers must quietly cooperate so that prices are not so low as to cause losses. 6. Consumers vote their dollars primarily in: A） labor markets. B） land markets. C） capital markets. D） goods markets . 7. Which of t

16、he following statements is true of specialization? A） Specialization is inconsistent with the idea of individual freedom. B） Economies that practice a division of labor are morally superior to those that do not. C） In accepting specialization, a person sacrifices his or her own interests for the sak

17、e of societys interest. D） While specialization has enormous advantages, the costs outweigh them. E） Increased productivity is more likely to be achieved through specialization. 8. Which of the following is not an example of government regulation designed to curb a negative externality? A） Anti-chil

18、d labor laws. B） Anti-pollution laws. C） A national sales tax. D） Legislation against strip mining. E） The Clean Air Act. 9. Prices in factor markets are primarily determined by A） government regulation. B） big business collusion. C） the interaction of business supply without household demand. D） th

19、e interaction of household supply with business demand. 10. An economy dominated by imperfect competition is characterized by A） too much output, and low prices compared to perfect competition. B） same amount of output, and low prices compared to perfect competition. C） too little output, and low pr

20、ices compared to perfect competition. D） too little output, and high prices compared to perfect competition. E） too much output, and high prices compared to perfect competition. 11. Which of the following is the key requirement for imperfect competition? A） Advertising. B） Many buyers. C） Many selle

21、rs. D） Ability of a buyer or seller to affect a goods price. E） Government policies. 12. Of the three basic problems in our modern economy, prices in a market system solve: A） what and for whom, but physical scientists solve how. B） what and how, but for whom is determined by social scientists. C） h

22、ow and for whom, but Congress solves the what. D） each of the above, and no two are contradictory. E） none of the above is accurate. 13. Which of the following would best determine, in a market economy, the answer to the for whom question? A） Fairness. B） International trade patterns. C） Pricing of

23、factors of production that people own. D） Cost minimization. E） Consumers tastes and needs. 14. How goods are produced is determined by: A） consumer demand. B） government intervention to force businesses to produce goods cheaply. C） big business activity. D） business competition to buy factor inputs

24、 and sell goods most cheaply. 15. A mixed economy may involve both perfect and imperfect competition. TrueCHAPTER 31.If E were the old equilibrium in the market for wheat in the figure below, and E the new one, which of the following could have caused the change?A） Consumer income rose, causing a su

25、pply shift. B） Bad weather caused a supply shift. C） Consumer income rose, causing a demand shift. D） Supply and demand both shifted. E） None of the above are plausible descriptions. 2. The demand curve for a normal good will shift to the left if: A） income increases. B） population increases C） the

26、price of a substitute good decreases. D） all the above. 3. A price at which the amount people wish to buy exceeds the amount that people wish to produce （given upward-sloping supply curves）: A） lies above the equilibrium, market clearing price. B） lies below the market clearing price. C） will induce

27、 a shift in the demand schedule to achieve equilibrium. D） is impossible. E） is none of the above. 4. An increase in the supply of commodity X for any given price of X could be expected to be caused by A） an increase in the prices of other commodities. B） an increase in the prices of factors of production important to this commodity. C） a reduction in the prices of factors of production imp