1、C. had been cumpleted D. have been completed【易错点点睛】易错点点睛 1 常见的八种时态及其延伸时态的含义和平共处基本用法1 .He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide 2. They _ on the program for almost one we
2、ek before I joined them, and now we it as no good results have come out so far. A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working3.Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A.
3、did B. has done C. was doing D. had done4. The window is dirty. I know. It for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned5.Thank goodness, you are here! What_ you?Traffic jam.A. keeps B. is keeping C. had kept D. kept6. The crazy fans patiently for two hours, and t
4、hey would wait till the movie star arrived.A. were waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait7.Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _ such a beautiful palace.A. can you find B. you could tlnd C. you can find D. could you find8. The number of deaths from heart disease
5、will be reduced greatly if people to eat more fruit and vegetables.A. persuade B. will persuaded C. be persuaded D. are persuaded9.Now that she is out of job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasat decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to considered【特别提醒】
6、使用各种时态时的注意事项1.一般现在时有计划的动作常用来表示计划、安排好了的将来动作,如go,come,start,leave,take off(起飞),arrive,return等。例如:I leave for Beijing next Monday.The meeting begins in a minute.在here,there,in等开头的倒装句中,一般现在时代替一般将来时。There goes the bell. In came the teacher.(3)表示感觉、状态、思想或理解的动词,如see ,hear,think,hope,wish,know, forget,under
7、stand,like,hate,mean,be feel,fit 等常有可用于一般现在时。 I feel a sudden pain in my head.2.一般过去时 在口语中,want,hope,wish,wonder,think等动词可用一般过去时表示现在的一种委婉的语气或一种试探性的态度;情态动词的过去式could, should,would,might也可用于现在或将来时表示一种委婉语气。I wanted to ask if you could help me.Could you lend me your dictionary?Would you like to have a wa
8、lk in the garden with me?What should I do now? 3.一般将来时 (1)条件状语从句中,will可以用作情态动词,表示“意愿”。Will还可以用作表示一种倾向或习惯动作。 If you will wait for me, I shall go with you. (表示意愿) Crops will die without water. (表示倾向性)Where there is water, there will be life. (表示习惯性)be doing限于某些非延续性动词,如go, come,leave,start,finish等,表示按计
9、划安排要发生的事。I am finishing my homework.He is coming.They are leaving for Tibet. 4.现在进行时 (1)用来表示现阶段正在进行的动作,尽管此刻这一动作不一定正在进行。 How are you getting along with your work these days?(2)在时间、条件状语从句中,有时可用进行时来代替一般将来时。 Dont mention this when you are talking with the manager.(3)现在进行时与always,all the time,forever, co
10、nstantly等词连用时,表示感叹、惊讶、厌恶等情绪。 He is always thinking of his study. (表示赞许)Tom is talking his past all the time. (表示厌恶)(4)连系动词look,feel,smdl,taste,sound等,表示心理的动词want,like,prefer,have等一般不用于进行时态,也没有被动语态。但是,turn,become,get,grow,go等表示由一种状态进入另一种状态时,用进行时。She feels worse today.The fish smells good.The rich man
11、 is becoming poorer and poorer.(改变状态)Its getting darker and darker.(改变状态)5.般过去时和现在完成时的区别(1)一般过去时所表示的一个和一段过去时间是可以具体确定的,与其他时间没有牵连。所表示的事情纯属过去,和现在的情况没有关系。Who pointed out the mistake?He will never be what he used to be.He went to town yesterday. ( 过去某次 )When I was young, I took bath regularly. (过去经常)I wo
12、uld tell him the great changes when I was in his home. (经常发生的动作)现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的现在以前的过去某个或某段时间,所表示的事情与现在情况有关系,是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。Have you ever been to Shanghai?He has gone to the library.(2)一般过去时常用的时间状语有yesterday, last night,two days ago,at that time等;At that time, he was very poor.I finished
13、my homework two days ago.现在完成时常用的状语,副词有already,just, yet,never,ever,before等,与表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间状语连用,如today, now,lately,recently,in the lastpast few days weeksyears,since then,up to now,so far等。I have never seen such a big apple.He has remembered 500 words this month.He has been there for five mo
14、nths.I havent seen him since 典型例题 I havent seen him since he left.I wont believe you until I have seen it with my own eyes. 比较下面句子,体会两种时态的不同:He served in the army from 1999 to 典型例题指过去的一件事,现在不是军人) He has served in the army for 6 years.(现在还在服役)He wrote many novels when he was at college. (写许多小说是读大学时的事
15、情) He has written many novels。(写过许多小说,还在写)I saw War and Peace lastyear.(去年看的)I have seen War and Peace before.(以前看过) 6.现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 现在完成时的动作发生在过去,对现在有着影响;现在完成进行时则强调延续或直接结果。 You look so tired ,what have you been doing? We have been discussing the problem but we havent drawn a conclusion.【举一反三】1 I
16、 _ with my uncle and aunt because my parents have gone abroad for a holiday.A. stayed B. am staying C. have stayed D. was staying2 At last we got the letter we _ long _A. had; been expecting B. were; expecting C. had; been expected D. have; been expecting3 Whats the weather like tomorrow?Well, I _ i
17、t, for the scenic pictures drew my attention as the weather forecast was going on.A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. had misse4 May I speak to your manager at four o clock this afternoon ?Im sorry. He to a conference long before then.A. will have gone B. had gone C. would go D. has gone5 Has G
18、eorge returned from Japan yet? Id like to meet him.Im terribly sorry, but he _ back here only for last weekend.A. has been B. would be C. had been D. was易错点点睛 2 主动语态、被动语态的含义和用法1 .Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A. has been caused B.
19、had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused2.Why did you leave that position? I _ a better position at IBM.A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered3. Sarah,hurry up. Im afraid you wouldnt have time to _ before the party.A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to ch
20、ange4.According to the art dealer, the painting to go for at least a million dollars. A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting5. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2007. A. has been completed B. has completed C. will have been completed D.
21、 will have completed6. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will fresh for several days.A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed 【特别提醒】 1.在口语和非正式场合下为了强调动作,常用“get+过去分词”结构。有时带有不愉快、不顺利 的含义。其否定和疑问句要借助动词do来构成。有时也会出现“become+过去分词”的结构。He got wounded in a battle.She got married last week.The
22、patient gets treated once a week.Did you get scolded yesterday?He became seized with a deep sorrow.2.短语动词和含有情态动词的被动语态形式短语动词的被动结构中,构成短语动词的介词或副词不能省略。情态动词的被动语态形式是:情态动词 + be + 过去分词。 The old woman was often laughed at. The doctor has been sent for. Time must be made good use of. The plan will be given up
23、. Bad habits have been done away with. The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible. 3.主动形式表示被动意义的情况:1)某些连系动词的主动形式表示被动意义,如look(看上去),smell,taste,sound,feel,appear (似乎),prove(证明),后面接形容词或名词做表语。The roses smell sweet.The theory proved true.The examination turned out easy.2)某些具有及物意义的不及物动词的主动
24、形式表示被动意义,如read,write,translate,record, lock,shut,open,wash,clean,run,sell等,此时主语大多指物,并且一般和副词连用。Your composition reads well.His voice records well.The door locks easily.The coat wears well.3)表示开始、结束、运动的动词,如begin, finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,rna,move等。例如Work began at 7oclock this morning.The
25、shop closes at 6 p.m. everyday.4)少数动词用于进行时,主动形式表示被动含义,如print,build,cook,fly,hang,make等。The books are printing.The meat is cooking.My coat is hanging behind the door.(5)某些不及物动词(短语)的主动形式表示被动的意义。常见的有:happen,take place,break out,belong to,go out,run out等。The accident happened yesterday evening.The Anti
26、-Japanese War broke out in 1937.The fire went out gradually.All of our food has run out.1 the Christmas card Mr. White ?No. Its still on the desk.A. Has; given B. Was; given C. Has; been given D. Will; be given2 Only when your identity has been checked, _. A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowe
27、d in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in4 The high standard of the nations literature and art _ widespread attention.A. was attracted B. have attracted C. has attracted D. has been attracted5 Slowly the old woman took out her pocket book, and an old photograph _ out of it.A. dropped B. wa
28、s dropped C. was dropping D. had been dropped6 These shoes are of high quality and _ long.A. are worn B. are wearing C. are worn out D. wear易错点点睛 3 情态动词+have+过去分词结构1 、When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid2. Scientists think that the continents _ where they _ today. A. arent; are B. are
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