浅析中国学生英语学习过程中汉语对英语的正迁移毕设论文Word文件下载.docx

1、班 级: _ _ 学 号: _ _作者姓名: _ _指导教师: _ _完稿时间:_年 月 日A4纸打印，两端对齐，行间距1.5倍，左边距3厘米，右边距2.5厘米，上下边距2.5厘米Abstract（Abstract居中, Times New Roman 3号加粗,单独页）Language transfer, which is the influence resulting from similarities and differences between the target language and mother tongue, has been a hot issue in the fie

2、lds of Applied Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition. During more than one hundred years, scholars from home and abroad have carried out plenty of researches, which indicate that the similarities between mother language and the target language will produce positive transfer while the differenc

3、es will result in negative transfer. With regard to Chinese students English learning, it is commonly accepted that English language exerts positive influence on Chinese language while Chinese language exerts negative influence on English language. Previous studies concentrated more on the negative

4、Chinese-to-English transfer, but rare is the study on positive Chinese-to-English transfer. This thesis, based on the analysis of the similarities and differences between Chinese language and English language, attempts to explore positive Chinese-to-English transfer in Chinese students English learn

5、ing process, from the perspective of pronunciation, vocabulary and discourse. It first compares the two languages, and introduces the concept of language transfer. Then, it moves to analyze the positive influences from Chinese language on English language learning, and further discuss the factors th

6、at contribute to such transfer. Finally, it makes suggestions on how to promote the positive Chinese-to-English transfer, proposing that students should take into account the consolidation of the basic knowledge of Chinese to promote their English learning.Key Words: positive transfer; linguistic fa

7、ctor; non-linguistic factorA4纸打印，两端对齐，行间距1.5倍，左边距3厘米，右边距2.5厘米，上下边距2.5厘米。摘 要语言迁移，即由母语与目的语间的共性和差别引起的影响，作为应用语言学及第二语言习得领域普遍存在的现象一直备受关注。多年来，国内外学者对其展开大量研究，并归结出了诸多观点。本文首先通过对英汉两种语言的对比，从语音、词汇和语篇三方面分析英汉语言的异同点,简述语言迁移的定义，介绍语言迁移问题的研究。就英汉两种语言而言，研究多集中于汉语对英语的负迁移，对于汉语对英语的正迁移的研究还不多。本文举例分析中国学生学习英语过程中发生的汉语对英语的正迁移现象，并讨论

8、了汉语对英语产生正迁移的因素以及如何促进汉语对英语的正迁移提出建议。最后得出结论:在中国学生的英语学习过程中汉语能对英语产生正迁移，并提出要充分利用产生正迁移的语言因素和非语言因素促进中国学生的英语学习。关键词：正迁移；语言因素；非语言因素Contents Introduction 11. Comparison between English and Chinese Language 11.1 Pronunciation 21.2 Vocabulary 21.3 Discourse 32. Language Transfer 32.1 The Definition of Language Tr

9、ansfer 32.2 Previous Researches on Language Transfer 42.2.1 General Findings 42.2.2 Chinese Language vs. English Language 53. Positive Transfer from Chinese to English Language 83.1 Pronunciation 83.2 Vocabulary 93.3 Discourse 114. Factors Influencing Positive Transfer from Chinese to English 134.1

10、Linguistic Factors 134.1.1 Learners Level of the Basic Knowledge of Chinese Language 134.1.2 Learners Manipulation and Application of the Similarities and Differences between the Two Languages 144.2 Non-linguistic Factors 144.2.1 Learners Age 144.2.2 Learners Motivation of Learning 154.2.3 Learners

11、Attitude 154.2.4 The Learning Environment and the Role of Teachers 154.2.5 The Fashion 155. How to Promote the Positive Chinese-to-English Transfer 16Conclusion 17Acknowledgements 20Introduction Language transfer is the influence resulting from similarities and differences between the target languag

12、e and any other language that has been previously acquired. The similarities between mother language and the target language will produce positive transfer while the differences results in negative transfer （Odlin, 1989）. In the fields of Applied Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition, language

13、 transfer has been a hot issue for long. Scholars from home and abroad have delivered a great amount of topics and arguments during more than one hundred years. All those researches and arguments have made great achievements of and monumental contributions to language transfer. Take Chinese students

14、 study of English language as an example, what is discussed most is the positive transfer from English language to Chinese one and the negative transfer from Chinese language to English one. A majority of the scholars （Odlin, 1989; Yu Liming, 2004） consider that the negative effects from Chinese lan

15、guage to English one are quite obvious in Chinese students English learning process, while English language can make positive effects on the study of Chinese language. However, the study on the positive transfer from Chinese language to English one is still scarce.This thesis aims to discuss the pos

16、itive effects and influences from Chinese to English language in Chinese students English learning process through comparison between English and Chinese language and example analysis on the basis of theories of language transfer and to analyze the causes according to the status quo. The thesis is t

17、o find out whether there is positive transfer from Chinese to English language in Chinese students English learning process.1. Comparison between English and Chinese LanguageEnglish language and Chinese language as two branches of language are out of question having some similarities. However, becau

18、se they belong to two different language systems, their users different cultural conventions and political beliefs make them differ from each other. All those similarities and differences to some extent make impacts on the language transfer between English and Chinese. This thesis is going to compar

19、e English and Chinese language from the perspective of pronunciation, vocabulary and discourse.1.1 PronunciationEnglish and Chinese are two different languages: English belongs to Indo-European Language while Chinese belongs to Sino-Tibetan Languages. Chinese language has nineteen monophthongs and d

20、iphthongs, twenty-one consonants while English has twenty monophthongs and diphthongs, twenty-eight consonants. Therefore in spite of those same monophthongs, diphthongs and consonants, there are still some English pronunciations which can not be found in Chinese language, such as and t.1.2 Vocabula

21、ryIn terms of vocabulary （Mao Guoan, 2005）, there are both similarities and differences between Chinese and English language. Firstly, both of English and Chinese word-binding have many great similarities, such as compounding, affixation and shortening and so on. However, Chinese language has some o

22、verlapping words which English does not have. For example, Chinese people often say “给我瞧瞧”, “高高兴兴”，but it can not be translated into English as “Let me see see” and “cheerful cheerful”, since such usage is not allowed in English. Secondly, both in English and Chinese, the division of words is more o

23、r less the same, but English has singular and plural changes and in English one can use the plural form of a countable noun to describe a number of uncertainty, while in Chinese one should add adjectives or use numeral phrases to achieve the same effect. For example, Chinese expression “繁星密布” can be

24、 translated into English only by adding an “s” at the end of the word “star”. Lastly is the Rhetoric. In English the modifiers （except single adjective） must be put after the noun, but in Chinese they should be placed in front of the noun unless there is a special emphasis. For example, in the Engli

25、sh sentence “He is a boy crazy about football.”, “crazy about football” is the modifier of “boy”. While in Chinese, that must be “他是个痴迷足球的男孩。”, and here “痴迷足球” as the modifier is put in front of the noun “男孩”.1.3 DiscourseAs to the discourse （Bian Xu, 2006）, there are great similarities between Chin

26、ese and English language. In the structure of a composition, English text is often unfolded by General-Particular Pattern, that is, “raise the topic-give out supporting arguments-draw the conclusion”, which is quite similar with the Chinese composing pattern （起-承-转-合）. In addition, English articles

27、usually start their points of views straightly, which can be also found in Chinese ones （that is called “开门见山”）.2. Language TransferSince the phenomena of language transfer exist widely in the fields of Applied Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition, the researches on language transfer are in t

28、he spotlight for quite a long time.2.1 The Definition of Language TransferDifferent scholars who consider from different perspectives may hold different opinions about what language transfer is, and among all those different definitions the most influential and widely accepted one is described. Odli

29、n （1989） thought, language transfer is the influence resulting from similarities and differences between the target language and any other language that has been previously acquired. In Odlins definition, the language that has been previously acquired mainly refers to the mother language. The simila

30、rities between mother language and the target language will reduce the time of reading. Similarities of syntax will make it easy for learners to acquire sentences. That is called Positive Transfer. Thus for the same token, the differences between mother language and the target language will make it

31、difficult to acquire sentences. That is called Negative Transfer. The following are simple explanations about positive and negative transfer （Odlin,1989）:Positive Transfer: Using former knowledge and is without mistakes in the learning;Negative Transfer:Using former knowledge but is with mistakes and errors.2.2 Previous Researches on Language TransferIt has been more than one hundred years since the earliest research on language transfer, and during a period of more than one century, linguists persisting in their own opinions were divided into dozens of groups an