考研英语写作基础讲义Word文档格式.docx

1、二、评卷实例：2001年真题Directions:Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone had his/her own understanding of it.There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to1） show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of

2、the picture below,2） give a specific example, and3） give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.1、20分范文：Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest. It is of the utmost importance to the human beings. Everybody not only needs love, but also should give love.As is

3、described in the picture, “love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places.” This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than ordinary people. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life and progress. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better

4、 life and progress. Maybe just a thread of light will call forth their strength and courage to step out of their difficulties.For instance when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his life. Or when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school becaus

5、e of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish her schooling and change her life, you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.So to sum up, we should offer our help to all who are in need. We expect to get love from others and we al

6、so give love to others so when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, dont hesitate to give your love to him. I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.2、18分范文It is generally believed that lov

7、e is a hot topic which is most talked about. This is true not only in China but also in other countries. We live in different countries, speak different languages, but love is something common to us all. But how to show love may be different with different people in different countries. This is some

8、thing we should give more thought to.As is shown in the picture, love is like a lamp which shines brightest in dark places. This tells us a simple truth: Love is like a lamp. It is most valuable when it is most needed. For example, once I saw a foreign lady get lost in the street. She could not spea

9、k Chinese and nobody seemed to be able to help her. Though my English is not very good and I am a shy person, I thought she needed help very much. I asked her what she wanted. She told me she lost her way, so I showed her the way to her hotel. It was a small thing but she thanked me very much becaus

10、e my help was needed very much. My help was like a lamp in dark places.I think we all should be like a lamp in a dark place, showing our love, giving our help to others, even to strangers. In this way, we can make this world a harmonious and peaceful world.三、复习计划：1、考前复习： 1）攻克词汇： 2）精研真题：词汇、句子结构、选项设置、

11、英译汉、背诵 3）适当模考：2、写作练习：3、时间分配： 1）14：0014：15 写作A节 2）14：1514：50 写作B节 3）14：5016：00 阅读A节 4）16：0016：20 完型填空 5）16：2016：40 阅读B节 6）16：4017：00 阅读C节第二节 应用文一、 学习方法：（一） 提高实力：1、 十遍精读：1） 精彩词汇2） 精彩词组3） 精彩句型4） 句子结构：简单句（主干修饰成分）、从句、时态、冠词、主谓一致5） 段落结构：总分总，主题句论证（小结）6） 关联词：小作文35个，大作文57个7） 同义替换：词汇句型8） 代词替换：it, that, they9）

12、精彩观点：10） 原因建议：2、 背诵：滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善3、 默写：发现写作弱点4、 中译英：提高写作实力5、 写作：模仿（二） 掌握技巧：万能框架二、 大纲解读：（一）评价目标：考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章。短文写作时，考生应能：1） 做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；2） 遵循文章的特定文体格式；3） 合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；4） 根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当使用语域。 （二）考试内容：该部分由A、B两节组成，考查考生的书面表达能力。总分30分。A节：考生根据所给情景写出一篇

13、约100词（标点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等。考生在答题卡2上作答。满分10分。B节：要求考生根据提示信息写出一篇160200词的短文（标点符号不计算在内）。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。满分20分。（三）评分原则和方法：1、虽然A、B两节的考查要点有所不同，但对考生写作能力的基本要求是相同的，所以一般评分标准对两节都适用。但根据两节的不同考查要点，评分是会有不同的侧重点。A节应用文的评分侧重点在于信息点的覆盖和内容的组织、语言的准确性、格式和语域（指在书面和口语表达中根据不同的交际对象，所采用的话语方式，即正式、一般、非正式的

14、话语）的恰当。对语法结构和词汇多样性的要求将根据具体试题作调整。允许在作文中使用提示语中出现过的关键词，但使用提示语中出现过的词组或句子将被扣分。B节B节作文的评分重点在于内容的完整性、文章的连贯组织性、语法结构和词汇的多样性及语言的准确性。2、评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来给分。评分人员在档内有13分的调节分。3、A节作文的字数要求是100词左右。B节作文的字数要求是160200词。文章长度不符合要求的，酌情扣分。4、拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5、如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分

15、数降低一个档次。三、书信格式：（一）称呼1、 写给机构1） 不认识负责人：Dear Sir or Madam, Dear Sir/Madam, To whom it may concern,2） 认识负责人：Dear Mr./Ms. President/Professor/Manager/Editor, Dear President （Michael） Wang,2、 写给个人1） 关系不亲密：2） 关系亲密：Dear Michael,（二）正文：3段、7句、100120词、35关联词、35从句 1、第一段：2句1）自我介绍（1）I am a staff member from your company/corporation.（2）I am a freshman/so