1、2a few/ few(1)a few, few 用来修饰可数名词。(2)a few “有一些”,表示肯定概念,few 几乎没有,表示否定意义。例 The man has been here for many years, so he has a few friends.这个人在这里住了很多年了,他有一些朋友。I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here.我刚来到这里,所以我在这里没有几个朋友。. 3a little/ little(1) a little, little 用于修饰不可数名词。(2) a little “有一些”,表示肯定概
2、念。little “几乎没有”,表示否定概念。例 There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。There is little water in the glass, so you cant drink any.杯子里几乎没有水了,你不可能喝到水了。4across / through二者都有“通过,穿过”的意思,都是介词,但“through“与空间有关,即一个人或物体从某空间之间穿过,如:Look out through the window, please.请从窗口往外看。We have to walk through the gate to go
3、 into the factory.我们要走进这家工厂必须走过这一扇大门。across也是“通过”、“跨过”,一般与位移的平面有关,即从一个平面的一头走到或越到另一头。如:If you walk across the square, you will see the hotel there.如果你走到广场的另一端,你就看到旅馆了。Be careful when you walk across the street.过马路时要小心。注意:cross是及物动词而across是介词。ago / beforeago 只用于一般过去时,表示从现在算起的一段时间以前。例He died two years
4、ago.他是两年前去世的。before 后接“时间点”,可用于任何时态;它也可放在“时间段”后,用于完成时或一般过去时。例I got there before 5 oclock.我五点钟前到达那里。I never saw him before.我以前没见过他。He had done it two days before.他两天前就做过此事。6. already / yet/still(1) already 意为“已经”,常用于肯定句,与完成时和进行时连用为多。用于疑问句时表示问话人持怀疑、惊异的态度。Is it Sunday already? 已经到星期天啦?I have already fi
5、nished it.我已经做完了。(2)yet 通常用于疑问句和否定句,在疑问句中作“已经”解,在否定句中作“还”、“尚未”解。I havent learned it yet.我还不知此事。Has he come yet? 他还没有来?(表疑问)7arrive / reach/ get(1) arrive vi.arrive + in + 大地方(国家、城市等)arrive + at + 小地方(村庄、车站、码头等)He arrived in Nanning last week. 他上星期来到南宁。(2) get vi.get to + 名词When did you get to the st
6、ation yesterday? 你昨天什么时候到达火车站?reach vt.reach + 名词Please write to me when you reach Beijing.你到北京后请给我写信。当reach、arrive、get后接地点副词here、there、home时,不能后接任何介词。I got/ arrive/ reached home late yesterday.我昨天很晚才到家。8. agree with/ agree on/ agree to(1)agree with(sb.)表示“与意见一致”。I dont agree with you. 我不同意你的意见。(2)a
7、gree to(sth.)宾语一般为suggestion、plan等,“同意计划、安排”。We all agreed to your plan. 我们同意你的计划。(3)agree on 表示“双方就.达成一致协议”。China and the U.S.A. agreed on the place and time for the next meeting.中美双方就下次会议的时间、地点问题达成了协议。. 9. a bit/ a little二者都有“一点儿”的意思,用法上既有相同点,也有不同点。(1)相同点:都用来修饰形容词、副词及其比较级,也可修饰动词。Get up a bit/ a li
8、ttle earlier, and you will see the star.起早一点你就会看到星星了。(2)不同点:a little+不可数名词,a bit of+不可数名词He ate a little food/ a bit of food this morning.他今天早上吃了一点食物。a little 与a bit 和否定词连用,意义大不相同。not a little 很,非常; not a bit 一点也不从B.1by the way/ on the way/ in the way(1)by the way 常用作状语,意为“顺便问一下”,“顺便说一下”。(2)on the w
9、ay “在的路上”,后接名词时需加介词to,后接副词home、here、there时不加to。(3)in the way “挡路、妨碍”。例Your car is in the way.你的小汽车挡路了。He bought a pen on his/ the way to school.他在上学的路上买了一枝钢笔。By the way, how old are you? 顺便问一下,你多大了?2. be afraid/ be afraid of/ be afraid for(1)be afraid意为“害怕”,如果后接宾语从句,意为“恐怕”,用来表示常有歉意的回话或引出令人不满意的消息。I a
10、m afraid I cant help you.我恐怕帮不了你的忙。(2)be afraid of+名词/代词/动名词,意为“害怕某人/做某事”,往往指长期具有的心理状态。I am afraid of going out at night.我害怕晚上出去。be afraid for后习惯接表示人的代词,表示“替某人担心”。I am afraid for you.我替你担心。3. be made of/be made in/be made by这三个短语都是及物动词make的被动结构,其后所接介词的不同,其所表达的意义就不同:be made of 后接的是表示材料的名词,“由组成”。The d
11、esk is made of wood.(2)be made in 后接的是表示地点的名词,“由制造”。The computer is made in China.这台电脑是中国制造的。(3)be made by 后接的名词是人,即“是由来制作(造)的”。This ship is made by us Chinese.这艘船是我们中国人制造的。4. between/ among这两个词都有“在之间(中)”的意思,但用法不同:(1)between用于表示双方之间的关系,不论双方的数目是多少。The train runs between Beijing and Nanning.火车在北京和南宁两地
12、间运行。There is a tree between the two houses.这两座房子之间有一棵树。(2)among后接人或物必须是三个或三个以上,在一群、一组或一个整体中间。I saw him among the crowd.我看见他在人群中。London is among the greatest cities of the world.伦敦是世界上最大的城市之一。5. borrow / lend(1)二者都有“借”的意思,使用时应注意以谁为中心的问题,borrow是以“我”为中心,“借进”的意思,常与from连用。Ive borrowed two books from the li
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