初中英语 牛津译林版八下Unit6知识点梳理.docx

1、初中英语 牛津译林版八下Unit6知识点梳理Unit 6 Sunshine for all 6.1 Comic strip & Welcome to the unit1. Im training to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games. 我正在为成为奥林匹克运动会的志愿者而训练。train意为“训练”，常构成短语train for，意为“为而训练”，介词for表示目的，意为“为”；其中train作不及物动词；train as意为“训练当”。He is training to be a doctor.他正训练当一名医生。They are training

2、for the coming World Cup.他们正在为即将到来的世界杯集训。He is now being trained as a volunteer.他现在正在接受训练成为一名志愿者。train也可以作及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。 They are training the dolphin to help them save people in the sea.trainer n教练员驯兽师trainee n接受培训者，学员，实习生【考点解析Olympic games】 Olympic Games是一个复数形式的短语，但当它作主语时，谓语有的时候用单数形式，有的时候用复数形式。一般情况

3、下，当Olympic Games泛指时用复数形式；而特指某一次奥运会时常常用单数形式。The Olympic Games are held every four years. 奥运会每四年举行一次。 The last Olympic Games was held in London in 2012. 上一届奥运会是2012年在伦敦举行的。2. Its meaningful to do something for the Olympics. 为奥林匹克运动会做一些事情是很有意义的。meaningful形容词，意为“有意义的”，由名词meaning加形容词后缀-ful构成。句型“Itsadj.(f

4、or sb.)to do sth.“结构。Its meaningful to plant trees every year.每年植树很有意义。mean 动词，意为“意思是，意味着”；meaning名词，意为“意义”，由动词mean加-ing构成；meaningless，形容词，“无意义的”。3. I need some more food to eat at work我需要更多食物在工作时吃。need(1)作情态动词，通常用在疑问句、否定句中。Need he go so soon? 他这么快就要走吗？He neednt go.他不必走。(2)作行为动词Does he need to go so

5、 soon? 他这么快就要走吗？He doesnt need to go.他不需要走。He needs to go他得走。 He needs our help.他需要我们的帮助。作行为动词的need后可接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。The garden needs watering(to be watered).花园该浇水了。some more food 更多一些食物 数量意义词+more+名词: 表更多=another+数量意义词+名词4. They can provide special places for homeless people to stay.provide sth. fo

6、r sb. 为某人提供某物 =provide sb. with sth.He was very poor because hed toprovidefood for seven children.他很穷，因为他要给七个孩子提供食物。6.2 Reading1. task n. 任务，工作 How long will it take to finish this task? 完成这项任务需要多少时间? 2. background n. 背景The mountains form a background to this photograph of the family. 这幅家庭照的背景是群山。3.

7、 Liu Ming did not know what to expect刘明不知道期待什么 (1)表示“期待，期望”，通常用作及物动词Im expecting a telephone call from her.We should not expect success overnight.(2)expect它还可以表示“预计；预料”等。I expect a storm我预计会有场暴风雨。I expect to be back on Sunday. /I expect that l will be back on Sunday. 我预计周日回来。(3)其后可接不定式或不定式的复合结构，但不能接

8、动名词。I expect to finish the work by Friday.我预计在星期五以前完成此项工作。He expected her to go with him.化期望她同他一起去。(4)其后可接that从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定的转移。I dont expect that he has arrived so early.我预料他不会到得这么早。4.many events similar to those in the Olympics 很多与奥运会类似的项目短语similar to those in the Olympics为后置形容词短语， 用于修饰events。si

9、milar 意思是“相似的，类似的”。be similar to 意为“与相似 / 相仿”。His teaching style is similar to that of most teachers. 他的教学风格和多数教师相似。be similar in 表示“在某方面相似 / 相仿”。The two houses are similar in shape. 这两个房子在形状上相似。5.necessary adj. 必须的；必要的It is necessary to remember these facts. 记住这些事实是很有必要的。【拓展】句型“Itsadj.(for sb.)to d

10、o sth.“结构。当形容词修饰后面的动词不定式时，如necessary, difficult/hard, tiring, easy, (im)possible等时，介词用for；当形容词修饰人（的内在品质时），如generous, kind, good/great, polite等时，介词用of。6. achieve vt. “达到，取得”，指经过努力取得胜利、成功，实现目的、目标等。You will achieve your ambition if you work hard. 如果你努力，你的抱负是可以实现的。7. Volunteering for the Special Olympic

11、s World Games 为夏季特奥会做志愿者 (1)volunteer vi. & vt. 志愿做，义务做volunteer for . 志愿做；主动做No one volunteered for cleaning the henhouse. 没有人主动去清理鸡舍。(2) volunteer to . 志愿做；主动提出He volunteered to water our plants. 他主动提出给我们的植物浇水。(3) volunteer n. 义务工作者；志愿者Zhalong Nature Reserve needs volunteers to count and describe

12、birds. 学校需要义务工作者来数和描述鸟。 8. The Special Olympics World Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world. 特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。（1）句中的with intellectual disabilities 为后置定语，修饰children and adults。介词短语作定语一般要后置。The key to my bicycle is missing.

13、 我的自行车钥匙丢了。（2）chance可作可数名词，意为“机会；机遇”。 Please give me a chance to explain. 请给我一个解释的机会。【拓展】by chance意为“偶然地；碰巧”。I met one of my old friends by chance yesterday.9. Over 40,000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games.give up 意为“放弃”，其后可接动词-ing形式。Nicks father had to give u

14、p smoking because of his illness.give up后还可跟名词（短语）。Eds mother gave up her job to look after him.代词作give up的宾语时要放在give和up之间。This is a good chance. I wont give it up.10. Then they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success.然后志愿者们为运动员提供支持，使本届特奥会取得很大的成功。句中的support可以用作名词或

15、动词，意思是“支持”。 11. He was born with intellectual disabilities.他生下来就有智力问题。短语be born with 意思是“生来具有”。He was born with a weak heart. 他生来心脏虚弱。 12. It was very brave of him to join the competition. 他参加竞赛真的很勇敢。句型Its + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪。表示聪明或愚蠢的形容词, 有clever, wise, foolish, stupid, silly, unwise, dumb(愚笨的), absurd (荒谬的)等。如：Its silly of him to do such a thing. 他竟干出这样的事，真是愚蠢！（1）表示正确或错误的形容词, 有 right, wrong, correct, incorrect 等。如:It was right of her not to come here. 她没有来这儿，太对了！（2）表示好坏等品性的形容词, 此类词较多, 有good, nice,