ResearchProposal的写作步骤及组成部分Word文档格式.docx

1、研究背景。介绍一下关于此主题的研究起源，一些基本的背景资料。这部分可以在看文献的过程中好好搜集组织。3. Literature Review文献综述。这就是你阅读文献和思考的成果。要说清楚关于该主题的研究进展到了什么程度，有哪些方面的观点，各做了一些什么研究，有什么结论。然后从前人的研究中发现了什么问题，因而得到你所要做的研究。4. Aims and Objectives此研究要达到什么目的，回答什么问题。可以先写2-3个主要目标。然后有4-5个具体一些的分目标。例如：This planned research has the following aims:1）2）Specific resea

2、rch questions that will be addressed include:5. Methodology方法论。即如何研究？如何实现上述的目标？研究计划书最核心的部分之一！方法论一定要具体，要可行！让人感觉拿着这个“办事流程”就可以直接上手了。比如说写到发访谈，就应该写清楚访谈对象是谁，采取什么抽样方法，准备访谈哪些问题。比如说写到要做政策分析，应具体到准备怎么收集政策资料，收集哪些资料，在分析时重点关注什么问题。（1） Systematic documentation collection and analysis of public policies;The research

3、er means to search relevant public policies from government documents and news reports. The policies related to economy, employment, housing and education will be focused. Research Proposal的写作主要包括以下几个部分：1.Statement of your hypothesis2.Review of Related Literature3.Methodology4.Analysis of the proble

4、ms or significant issues involved. （Statistics）5.Summary of your findings and your conclusions and recommendationsResearch Proposal一般的长度控制在2000-3000字左右，必须回答下列问题：What you plan to accomplish? Why you want to do it and how you are going to do it?必须让读者相信you have an important research idea（重要的研究想法） that

5、you have a good grasp of the relevant literature and the major issues （对主要问题和相关文献有很好的把握） and that your methodology is sound （方法是对路的）。【题目】简单描述性；An investigation of可以省略【摘要】300词，包括the research question, the rationale for the study, the hypothesis （if any）, the method and the main findings. Description

6、of the method may include the design, procedures, the sample and any instruments that will be used. 【Introduction】为研究的问题提供主要的背景首先，让研究问题在一个当前热门或者仍旧可以讨论的旧领域的上下文中。其次，要提供简单但恰当的历史背景。第三，提供你的研究问题占据中心位置的当代上下文。最后，确定“核心问题”和最相关的代表出版物。简而言之，突出研究问题的重要性。The introduction generally covers the following elements:1.St

7、ate the research problem, which is often referred to as the purpose of the study. （陈述研究问题，作为研究的目的）2.Provide the context and set the stage for your research question in such a way as to show its necessity and importance. （用能够显示必要性和重要性的方式，提供研究问题的背景）3.Present the rationale of your proposed study and cl

8、early indicate why it is worth doing. （提出研究的根据，清楚表明为什么值得研究）4.Briefly describe the major issues and sub-problems to be addressed by your research. （简要描述研究的主要问题和次要问题）5.Set the delimitation or boundaries of your proposed research in order to provide a clear focus. （界定研究问题）6.Provide definitions of key c

9、oncepts. （This is optional） 为重要概念进行定义【Literature Review】The literature review serves several important functions:1.Ensures that you are not “reinventing the wheel”.2.Gives credits to those who have laid the ground work for your research. 3.Demonstrates your knowledge of the research problem.4.Demons

10、trates your understanding of the theoretical and research issues related to your research question. 5.Shows your ability to critically evaluate relevant literature information.6.Indicates your ability to integrate and synthesize the existing literature.7.Provides new theoretical insights or develops

11、 a new model as the conceptual framework for your research. 8.Convinces your reader that your proposed research will make a significant and substantial contribution to the literature （i.e. resolving an important theoretical issue or filling a major gap in the literature）.【Methods】It will provide you

12、r work plan and describe the activities necessary for the completion of your project （给出研究计划，描述完成项目必要的行为）. It should contain sufficient information for the reader to determine whether methodology is sound （必须给出充分的信息让读者相信方法是合理的、最恰当有效的）.【Results】obviously you do not have results at the proposal stage.

13、 However, you need to have some idea about what kind of data you will be collecting, and what statistical procedures will be used in order to answer your research question or test you hypothesize. 【Discussion】You need to communicate a sense of enthusiasm and confidence without exaggerating the merit

14、s of your proposal. That is why you also need to mention the limitations and weakness of the proposed research, which may be justified by time and financial constraints as well as by the clearly developmental stage of your research area. 常见错误：1.Failure to provide the proper context to frame the rese

15、arch question. 2.Failure to delimit the boundary conditions for your research.3.Failure to cite landmark studies. 4.Failure to accurately present the theoretical and empirical contributions by other researchers. 5.Failure to stay focused on the research question. 6.Failure to develop a coherent and persuasive argument for the proposed research. 7.Too much detail on minor issues, but not enough detail on major issues. 8.Too much rambling-going “all over t